【摘要】：中華散文，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，從先秦的諸子百家散文到漢代的漢賦以及唐宋元明清時(shí)期的散文，從“五·四”時(shí)期的白話散文到如今充滿生活氣息的現(xiàn)代散文，數(shù)千年的散文創(chuàng)作，或抒情、或言志、或狀景、或懷人……莫不反映出時(shí)代的風(fēng)云變幻和人們的思想情感。在古代，一切非韻文的文章都稱之為“散文”，在現(xiàn)代，“散文”則指“文學(xué)散文”，即一切帶有文學(xué)性質(zhì)的散行文字，是與詩(shī)歌、小說(shuō)、戲劇并列的一種文學(xué)體裁。我這里所要說(shuō)的散文，是指現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)散文。 縱觀高中語(yǔ)文教材，六冊(cè)課本中，除了第四冊(cè)外，其余每?jī)?cè)中現(xiàn)當(dāng)代散文都占兩個(gè)單元的篇幅，這說(shuō)明現(xiàn)當(dāng)代散文在高中語(yǔ)文教材中占有非常重要的位置，是語(yǔ)文教材中的一支強(qiáng)大的生力軍。課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)強(qiáng)調(diào)“知識(shí)和能力”、“過(guò)程和方法”、“情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀”這個(gè)三維目標(biāo)，是對(duì)散文教學(xué)強(qiáng)有力的理論指導(dǎo)。 長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，散文教學(xué)存在著一些誤區(qū)，如忽視文本解讀，片面強(qiáng)調(diào)了人文性，盲目追求教學(xué)新模式，濫用多媒體等，，散文教學(xué)幾度滄桑，幾度沉淪。 本文想從散文的特點(diǎn)、高中教材散文選文的歸類分析、高中散文教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀與反思、高中散文教學(xué)的策略探究四個(gè)部分對(duì)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代散文進(jìn)行研究。 在第一部分中，著重談了散文的形散神聚、以小見(jiàn)大、抒情性和時(shí)代性的特點(diǎn)，目的是為了讓高中散文的教學(xué)能圍繞散文的特點(diǎn)來(lái)進(jìn)行；在第二部分中，對(duì)高中現(xiàn)當(dāng)代散文按表達(dá)方式；作品的時(shí)代、作者的國(guó)籍進(jìn)行了歸類分析，并分析了高中語(yǔ)文教材中所選散文的特點(diǎn)；在第三部分中，分析了高中散文教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀，并從教學(xué)的功利性、對(duì)課標(biāo)的誤讀、對(duì)走進(jìn)新課程的迷茫、課堂評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)教師教學(xué)的束縛四方面對(duì)教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了反思；第四部分從多重對(duì)話、朗讀思考想象、合理運(yùn)用多媒體三方面對(duì)高中散文的教學(xué)策略進(jìn)行了探究。 散文教學(xué)是美的教學(xué)，首先要讓學(xué)生有吟誦散文的好習(xí)慣；其次，用“問(wèn)題切入”這根線索把散文的內(nèi)容精細(xì)串連，形成問(wèn)題教學(xué)意識(shí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生探究知識(shí)的欲望及能力。另外，散文本身文質(zhì)兼美，要體會(huì)這種美，教師必須在課堂上創(chuàng)設(shè)輕松愉悅的氛圍，讓學(xué)生放飛想象的翅膀，并合理運(yùn)用多媒體，學(xué)生才能在語(yǔ)文教材的廣闊天地里自由翱翔。
[Abstract]:Chinese prose, which has a long history, from the hundreds of prose of the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Fu of the Han Dynasty and the prose of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, from the vernacular prose of the "May 4th" period to the modern prose, which is now full of the breath of life, and thousands of years of prose creation. Or lyric, or words, or scenery, or pregnant. It reflects the changes of the times and people's thoughts and feelings. In ancient times, all non-prosodic articles were called "prose". In modern times, "prose" refers to "literary prose", which is a literary genre parallel to poetry, novel and drama. The prose I am going to say here refers to modern and contemporary literary prose. Throughout senior high school Chinese teaching materials, except for the fourth volume, each volume of modern and contemporary prose accounts for two units of space, which shows that modern and contemporary prose occupies a very important position in high school Chinese textbooks. It is a powerful new force in Chinese teaching materials. The curriculum standard emphasizes the three dimensional goals of "knowledge and ability", "process and method", "emotional attitude and values", and is a powerful theoretical guide for prose teaching. For a long time, there are some misunderstandings in prose teaching, such as neglecting the interpretation of text, emphasizing humanism, blindly pursuing new teaching mode, abusing multimedia, and so on. Prose teaching has several vicissitudes of life and several degrees of decline. This paper tries to study modern and contemporary prose from four parts: the characteristics of prose, the classification and analysis of prose selection in high school textbooks, the present situation and reflection of prose teaching in senior high school, and the strategy exploration of prose teaching in senior high school. In the first part, I focus on discussing the characteristics of the whole, the lyricism and the times through a small part of the prose, in order to make the teaching of the prose in senior high school revolve around the characteristics of the prose; in the second part, In the third part, the author analyzes the present situation of prose teaching in senior high school, and analyzes the characteristics of the selected prose in high school Chinese teaching materials, in the third part, the author analyzes the current situation of prose teaching in senior high school. And from the utilitarianism of teaching, the misreading of the curriculum standard, the confusion into the new curriculum, the constraints of classroom evaluation on the teaching of teachers to reflect on the current situation of teaching. This paper probes into the teaching strategy of high school prose from three aspects of rational use of multimedia. Prose teaching is the teaching of beauty, first of all, let students have the good habit of reciting prose; secondly, use the clue of "problem cut into" to connect the content of prose carefully, form problem teaching consciousness, and cultivate students' desire and ability to explore knowledge. In addition, prose itself is of both literary quality and beauty. In order to realize this beauty, teachers must create a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere in the classroom, let the students fly the wings of imagination, and make rational use of multimedia, so that students can soar freely in the broad world of Chinese teaching materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：G633.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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