初中數(shù)學(xué)課堂教學(xué)中滲透模型思想的策略研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-13 08:54
【摘要】：數(shù)學(xué)與生活緊密聯(lián)系,真正的數(shù)學(xué)課堂是應(yīng)該建立在生活的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的,而要做到這一點(diǎn)就要切實(shí)的滲透數(shù)學(xué)模型思想。隨著新課改的進(jìn)一步實(shí)施,模型思想這一概念逐漸被重視起來(lái), 《義務(wù)教育數(shù)學(xué)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》和初中教材都從不同的角度對(duì)滲透模型思想提出了要求,模型思想的滲透,其目的就是要讓學(xué)生感受到數(shù)學(xué)不是憑空產(chǎn)生的,而是與實(shí)際緊密聯(lián)系的。數(shù)學(xué)公式、運(yùn)算法則的出現(xiàn)都是我們的祖先在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)生活中逐漸總結(jié)積累下來(lái)的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),把它抽象為數(shù)學(xué)語(yǔ)言,供我們后人學(xué)習(xí)的。雖然很多專家學(xué)者已經(jīng)開始關(guān)注模型思想的滲透,并且也做了相關(guān)的研究論述,但大多數(shù)都集中在高等教育上,對(duì)義務(wù)教育階段研究的較少。其實(shí)初中就應(yīng)該適時(shí)的向?qū)W生滲透模型思想,讓學(xué)生逐漸感受生活的數(shù)學(xué)化。因此,本人從當(dāng)前的教育現(xiàn)狀和新課標(biāo)的要求入手,以建構(gòu)主義理論、弗賴登塔爾的數(shù)學(xué)教育理論、元認(rèn)知理論為研究的理論依據(jù),通過(guò)對(duì)模型思想的應(yīng)然要求和調(diào)查分析,給出可行性的策略,并對(duì)提出的策略是否可行進(jìn)行了行動(dòng)研究,希望能給眾多教師以啟示。本文主要采用了三種研究方法：文獻(xiàn)研究法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法和訪談法。首先對(duì)《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》和初中數(shù)學(xué)教材中對(duì)滲透模型思想要求的進(jìn)行了分析,接著通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和教師訪談來(lái)探究初中數(shù)學(xué)課堂滲透模型思想的現(xiàn)狀,從而來(lái)分析現(xiàn)實(shí)教學(xué)中存在的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)調(diào)查出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,有針對(duì)性的提出了滲透模型思想的原則和具體策略,主要從教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備、教學(xué)實(shí)施、教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)幾個(gè)方面提出具體的策略以及教師在教學(xué)中要注意的問(wèn)題。通過(guò)行動(dòng)研究,主要檢驗(yàn)了提出的策略是否有效。首先對(duì)一節(jié)完整的初中數(shù)學(xué)課進(jìn)行了課堂實(shí)錄,課后對(duì)學(xué)生及教師進(jìn)行了訪談,學(xué)生和教師都表示滲透模型思想對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)的幫助很大。其次又進(jìn)行了對(duì)比測(cè)驗(yàn)。這些都充分體現(xiàn)了所提出策略的有效性。本文的研究思路就是通過(guò)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,根據(jù)問(wèn)題提出具體的解決策略,進(jìn)而檢驗(yàn)策略的有效性,為滲透模型思想提供可行性的方案。本文中還存在一些不足之處,還需要在今后的研究中進(jìn)一步完善。論文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況的研究,提出滲透模型思想的有效策略,為初中教師提供意見和方向,希望能夠幫助他們?cè)诮虒W(xué)中更好的滲透模型思想。滲透模型思想不是一時(shí)的事情,需要教師根據(jù)方法循序漸進(jìn)的進(jìn)行,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)而不僅僅是學(xué)會(huì)知識(shí),讓學(xué)生不再為數(shù)學(xué)而煩惱,使他們能真正感受到數(shù)學(xué)與實(shí)際生活的聯(lián)系,從而提高學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的能力。
[Abstract]:Mathematics is closely related to life, the real mathematics classroom should be based on life, and to achieve this, we must really infiltrate the mathematical model thought. With the further implementation of the new curriculum reform, the concept of model thought has been paid more and more attention to. Both the Mathematical Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) and the junior high school textbooks have put forward the requirements for the permeation of the model from different angles. The aim is to make students feel that mathematics is not born out of thin air, but closely related to reality. The emergence of mathematical formulas and algorithms is the life experience accumulated by our ancestors in actual production and life, which is abstracted as a mathematical language for our future generations to learn. Although many experts and scholars have begun to pay attention to the infiltration of model ideas, and have also done relevant research, but most of them are concentrated on higher education, the study of compulsory education stage is less. In fact, junior middle school should infiltrate the model thought to the student timely, let the student feel the mathematics of life gradually. Therefore, starting with the current educational situation and the requirements of the new curriculum standard, taking the constructivism theory, Friedenthal's mathematical education theory and metacognitive theory as the theoretical basis of the research, through the analysis of the requirements of the model thought and the investigation and analysis, The feasible strategy is given, and the action research is carried out on whether the proposed strategy is feasible, hoping to enlighten many teachers. This paper mainly adopts three research methods: literature research, questionnaire and interview. First of all, it analyzes the requirements of infiltrating model in the standard and junior high school mathematics textbooks, and then explores the present situation of the infiltration model in junior high school mathematics classroom through questionnaire survey and teachers' interview. In order to analyze the existing problems in practical teaching. According to the problems in the investigation, this paper puts forward the principles and specific strategies of infiltrating model thought, mainly from the aspects of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching evaluation, and the problems that teachers should pay attention to in teaching. Through action research, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is mainly tested. First of all, a complete middle school math class is recorded in class, and the students and teachers are interviewed after class. Both students and teachers show that the permeation of the model idea is of great help to learning and teaching. Secondly, a comparative test was conducted. All these fully reflect the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The research train of thought of this paper is to find out the problem through the investigation, put forward the concrete solution strategy according to the problem, then test the effectiveness of the strategy, and provide the feasible scheme for the permeation model thought. There are still some deficiencies in this paper, which need to be further improved in the future research. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the effective strategy of infiltrating the model thought through the research of the actual situation, and to provide advice and direction for the junior middle school teachers, hoping to help them to better infiltrate the model thought in the teaching. It is not a temporary thing to infiltrate the thought of model. It needs teachers to proceed step by step according to the method, so that students can learn to learn, not just learn knowledge, so that students will no longer worry about mathematics. So that they can really feel the relationship between mathematics and real life, so as to improve the students' ability to learn mathematics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.6
[Abstract]:Mathematics is closely related to life, the real mathematics classroom should be based on life, and to achieve this, we must really infiltrate the mathematical model thought. With the further implementation of the new curriculum reform, the concept of model thought has been paid more and more attention to. Both the Mathematical Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) and the junior high school textbooks have put forward the requirements for the permeation of the model from different angles. The aim is to make students feel that mathematics is not born out of thin air, but closely related to reality. The emergence of mathematical formulas and algorithms is the life experience accumulated by our ancestors in actual production and life, which is abstracted as a mathematical language for our future generations to learn. Although many experts and scholars have begun to pay attention to the infiltration of model ideas, and have also done relevant research, but most of them are concentrated on higher education, the study of compulsory education stage is less. In fact, junior middle school should infiltrate the model thought to the student timely, let the student feel the mathematics of life gradually. Therefore, starting with the current educational situation and the requirements of the new curriculum standard, taking the constructivism theory, Friedenthal's mathematical education theory and metacognitive theory as the theoretical basis of the research, through the analysis of the requirements of the model thought and the investigation and analysis, The feasible strategy is given, and the action research is carried out on whether the proposed strategy is feasible, hoping to enlighten many teachers. This paper mainly adopts three research methods: literature research, questionnaire and interview. First of all, it analyzes the requirements of infiltrating model in the standard and junior high school mathematics textbooks, and then explores the present situation of the infiltration model in junior high school mathematics classroom through questionnaire survey and teachers' interview. In order to analyze the existing problems in practical teaching. According to the problems in the investigation, this paper puts forward the principles and specific strategies of infiltrating model thought, mainly from the aspects of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching evaluation, and the problems that teachers should pay attention to in teaching. Through action research, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is mainly tested. First of all, a complete middle school math class is recorded in class, and the students and teachers are interviewed after class. Both students and teachers show that the permeation of the model idea is of great help to learning and teaching. Secondly, a comparative test was conducted. All these fully reflect the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The research train of thought of this paper is to find out the problem through the investigation, put forward the concrete solution strategy according to the problem, then test the effectiveness of the strategy, and provide the feasible scheme for the permeation model thought. There are still some deficiencies in this paper, which need to be further improved in the future research. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the effective strategy of infiltrating the model thought through the research of the actual situation, and to provide advice and direction for the junior middle school teachers, hoping to help them to better infiltrate the model thought in the teaching. It is not a temporary thing to infiltrate the thought of model. It needs teachers to proceed step by step according to the method, so that students can learn to learn, not just learn knowledge, so that students will no longer worry about mathematics. So that they can really feel the relationship between mathematics and real life, so as to improve the students' ability to learn mathematics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.6
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