本文選題：鄭州市　切入點：大班額　出處：《成都體育學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2016年教育部把體育課改革列為工作重點,決心要拿下這塊“硬骨頭”,讓體育課回歸正常,發(fā)揮育人健體的本能。2014年全國學(xué)生體質(zhì)與健康調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示城鄉(xiāng)學(xué)生營養(yǎng)不良檢測率進一步下降,中小學(xué)生身體素質(zhì)呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)中向好發(fā)展趨勢,但增長速度緩慢,高校學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康狀況甚至出現(xiàn)下降。鄭州市目前在中部地區(qū)迅速崛起,城市影響力不斷提高。隨之而來的就是外來人口增加,政府必須保障義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生入學(xué)情況,所以學(xué)校在招生規(guī)模上不斷擴大,導(dǎo)致學(xué)生數(shù)量急劇上升,造成課堂“大班額”現(xiàn)象。“大班額”教學(xué)與“小班額”教學(xué)相比,在管理難度、安全等問題上存在一定區(qū)別,體育課堂教學(xué)與其它課堂教學(xué)也存在一定差異,而初中學(xué)生正處于身心發(fā)展的“敏感期”,所以對課堂教學(xué)的要求更加嚴格。初中體育課堂肩負著“承上啟下”的教學(xué)重任,對增強學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康和塑造良好人格品質(zhì)有著不可替代作用。本文以鄭州市初中存在“大班額”體育課堂教學(xué)現(xiàn)象的學(xué)校為調(diào)查對象,使用問卷調(diào)查法、訪談法、文獻資料法等研究方法,對學(xué)校體育教師以及學(xué)生進行問卷調(diào)查,采用隨機分層抽樣調(diào)查法對鄭州市二十所初中學(xué)校進行調(diào)查。與體育教師、學(xué)生進行交流訪談,對學(xué)校場地進行實地調(diào)查,最后對鄭州市初中“大班額”學(xué)校體育課堂教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀進行分析總結(jié),提出相關(guān)建議。研究結(jié)果顯示:(1)鄭州市初中“大班額”體育課堂教學(xué)現(xiàn)象普遍存在,重點學(xué)校大多數(shù)學(xué)生人數(shù)達到70人左右,體育教師進行課堂管理、教學(xué)相關(guān)工作難度大,課堂教學(xué)存在一定安全風(fēng)險。(2)體育教師在教學(xué)內(nèi)容選擇中常以考試項目為主,這一做法不利于學(xué)生運動興趣的培養(yǎng)和運動能力的全面發(fā)展。在“大班額”教學(xué)環(huán)境下使用合作教學(xué)方法少,體育教師要加強教學(xué)方法和教學(xué)模式的創(chuàng)新;教師在學(xué)生心理方面關(guān)注力度欠缺,特別是學(xué)生上課心理情緒的變化。(3)體育教師師資結(jié)構(gòu)合理,教師學(xué)歷水平也達到教學(xué)的要求,但高學(xué)歷、高職稱教師數(shù)量少;對現(xiàn)有教師培訓(xùn)力度還需要加強,加強教師間交流實現(xiàn)資源優(yōu)化配置。(4)教師安全意識高,但是學(xué)生重視程度有待加強;在準備活動方面教師要進行嚴格監(jiān)督管理,避免運動損傷。(5)學(xué)校場地、器材基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完善,但各種室內(nèi)標準場館欠缺,現(xiàn)有室內(nèi)場館學(xué)校對學(xué)生開放率低,影響學(xué)生體育活動,使得學(xué)生降低對體育的興趣。
[Abstract]:In 2016, the Ministry of Education made the reform of physical education a priority of its work. It was determined to take this "hard bone" and return the class to normal. In 2014, the results of the National Survey of students' physique and Health showed that the rate of malnutrition detection among students in urban and rural areas further decreased, and the physical quality of primary and middle school students showed a steady and moderate trend of good development, but the growth rate was slow. The physical health status of college students has even declined. Zhengzhou City is now rising rapidly in the central region, and the city's influence is constantly increasing. With this, the foreign population is increasing, and the government must guarantee the enrolment of students in the compulsory education stage. As a result, the number of students has increased sharply, resulting in the phenomenon of "large class size" in the classroom. Compared with "small class size" teaching, there are certain differences in management difficulty, safety and other issues. There are some differences between physical education classroom teaching and other classroom teaching, and junior middle school students are in the sensitive period of physical and mental development, so the requirements of classroom teaching are more strict. It can not be substituted for enhancing students' physical health and shaping good personality quality. This paper takes the schools of Zhengzhou junior middle school with the phenomenon of "large class size" physical education teaching as the object of investigation, uses the method of questionnaire, interviews, etc. The methods of literature research, such as questionnaire survey on physical education teachers and students in schools, and random stratified sampling survey were used to investigate 20 junior middle schools in Zhengzhou, and to communicate with physical education teachers and students. Carry on the field investigation to the school site, finally carry on the analysis summary to the Zhengzhou junior middle school "big class quota" the school physical education classroom teaching present situation, The result of the study shows that the phenomenon of "large class size" physical education classroom teaching in junior middle school of Zhengzhou City is widespread. Most of the students in key schools have about 70 students. Physical education teachers have classroom management, and teaching related work is difficult. There is a certain safety risk in classroom teaching. This practice is not conducive to the cultivation of students' sports interests and the overall development of sports ability. Under the "large class" teaching environment, the use of cooperative teaching methods is less, and PE teachers should strengthen the innovation of teaching methods and teaching models. Teachers pay less attention to students' psychology, especially the change of students' psychological mood in class. 3) the structure of PE teachers is reasonable, and the level of teachers' academic qualifications is also up to the teaching requirements, but the number of teachers with high academic qualifications and high titles is small. It is necessary to strengthen the training of existing teachers, strengthen the communication among teachers to realize the optimal allocation of resources. 4) Teachers have a high sense of safety, but the degree of students' attention needs to be strengthened, and teachers should carry out strict supervision and management in the aspect of preparatory activities. Avoid sports injury. 5) the school site, equipment infrastructure is perfect, but all kinds of indoor standard stadiums are lacking, the open rate of the existing indoor gymnasiums and gymnasiums is low, which affects the students' sports activities and makes the students less interested in sports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.96

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