本文選題：許衡 + 知行并進��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：許衡,元代著名的理學(xué)家,在促進理學(xué)在北方的傳播及在全國范圍的推廣方面起到了重要作用。知行思想是許衡理學(xué)思想中的重要組成部分,主要包括對理本體的體認(rèn)及在道德方面的踐履兩部分內(nèi)容。從總體上看,許衡的知行思想大體以朱熹知行思想為框架,并間接的吸收了陸九淵的知行學(xué)說。其知行思想在重視心在體認(rèn)本體與道德修養(yǎng)方面具有顯著特點。這也是許多專家學(xué)者們認(rèn)為其知行思想游離于朱陸二人之間的主要原因。許衡知行思想形成于元初,受宋朝知行學(xué)說的影響。其思想主要來源于經(jīng)姚樞從趙復(fù)處取得的理學(xué)著作,直接繼承了朱熹格物致知,知先行后,知行互相發(fā)的知行觀點,并間接吸收了陸九淵先乎講明而后踐行的知行思想。在繼承前人的基礎(chǔ)上許衡又有所發(fā)揮,認(rèn)為知是對本體的體認(rèn),行是踐行。許衡倡導(dǎo)真知與篤行的統(tǒng)一,堅信真知一定篤行。同時,許衡認(rèn)為知與行二者應(yīng)當(dāng)并進,強調(diào)知行并進基礎(chǔ)之上的篤行�；诖�,許衡的修養(yǎng)方法主要是將格物致知與盡心知性結(jié)合起來,通過持靜,存養(yǎng)與省察變化氣質(zhì),從而將知與行在修養(yǎng)工夫方面統(tǒng)一起來。許衡的知行思想作為哲學(xué)思想對他的教育思想,政治思想都起到了重要的指導(dǎo)作用,在教育方面,許衡重視寓教于樂,倡導(dǎo)真知基礎(chǔ)之上的篤行,在政治方面許衡倡導(dǎo)知行并進,致力于推行以漢法治天下�？傮w來說,許衡知行思想重視在真知基礎(chǔ)之上的篤行,強調(diào)知行并進,具有務(wù)實的特點,是在當(dāng)時社會背景下對理學(xué)的新發(fā)展,為明代心學(xué)思想的出現(xiàn)做了很好的鋪墊。
[Abstract]:Xu Heng, a famous Neo-Confucianism in Yuan Dynasty, played an important role in promoting the spread of Neo-Confucianism in the north and in the whole country. The thought of knowing and doing is an important part of Xu Heng's thought of Neo-Confucianism. On the whole, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing is based on Zhu Xi's thought of knowledge and action, and indirectly absorbs Lu Jiuyuan's theory of knowledge and practice. His thought of knowledge and action has remarkable characteristics in the recognition of ontology and moral cultivation. This is also the main reason why many experts and scholars think that his thought of knowledge and action is free from Zhu Luer. Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing was formed in the early Yuan Dynasty and influenced by the theory of knowledge and action in Song Dynasty. Its thought mainly comes from the Neo-Confucianism works obtained by Yao Shu from Zhao Fu, and directly inherits the knowledge of Zhu Xi. After knowing first, knowledge and deeds send out each other's views of knowledge and action, and indirectly absorbs the idea of knowledge and practice that Lu Jiuyuan explains first and then practices. On the basis of inheriting the predecessors, Xu Heng thinks that knowledge is the understanding of ontology and practice. Xu Heng advocates the unity of true knowledge and practice, and firmly believes that true knowledge must be carried out. At the same time, Xu Heng believes that knowledge and action should go hand in hand, emphasizing on the basis of knowledge and action. Based on this, Xu Heng's cultivation method is mainly to combine the knowledge with the mind, through holding static, keeping and observing the changing temperament, thus unifying the knowledge and the practice in the cultivation time. As a philosophical thought, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing has played an important role in guiding his educational thought and political thought. In the field of education, Xu Heng attached importance to education and fun, and advocated the practice on the basis of true knowledge. In the political aspect, Xu Heng advocated that knowledge and action should go hand in hand, and devoted himself to promoting the rule of law in Han Dynasty. On the whole, Xu Heng's thought of knowing and doing attaches importance to the practice on the basis of true knowledge, emphasizes that knowledge and practice go hand in hand, and has practical characteristics. It is the new development of Neo-Confucianism in the social background at that time, and it has made a good foundation for the emergence of the thought of psychology in the Ming Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B244

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