本文選題：歷史主體 + 實(shí)踐��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在德國(guó)的古典哲學(xué)中,主體問(wèn)題始終貫穿其思想的發(fā)展中。馬克思通過(guò)對(duì)黑格爾和費(fèi)爾巴哈的批判,確立了現(xiàn)實(shí)的、感性的、實(shí)踐的歷史主體觀,把實(shí)踐過(guò)程中的主、客體關(guān)系凸顯出來(lái),但國(guó)內(nèi)部分馬克思主義研究者對(duì)歷史主體問(wèn)題的理解,還受18世紀(jì)法國(guó)機(jī)械唯物主義的影響,停留在主客關(guān)系的單一視角上,導(dǎo)致“歷史主義”的研究方法大行其道,即只講單一的主客體對(duì)立卻忽視了主體性,導(dǎo)致歷史的主體性與歷史規(guī)律性、歷史主體的創(chuàng)造性與受動(dòng)性的矛盾,另外,在歷史主體性問(wèn)題上還出現(xiàn)了單一主體性的理解模式。自伽達(dá)默爾使解釋學(xué)走向?qū)嵺`,以實(shí)踐解釋學(xué)的方式來(lái)理解馬克思,帶動(dòng)了理解和解釋馬克思理論的新思潮。實(shí)踐解釋學(xué)的核心特征是包含實(shí)踐和歷史兩個(gè)維度,這兩個(gè)維度為作為回歸馬克思?xì)v史主體觀的基本出發(fā)點(diǎn)。在實(shí)踐性和歷史性作為基本前提下,以伽達(dá)默爾的“效果歷史”理論看待馬克思?xì)v史主體觀的演變,在視域融合中破解蘇聯(lián)式教科書哲學(xué)中“見物不見人”的理解矛盾；用包含“主—客”和“主—主”雙重關(guān)系的“對(duì)話”理論突破了單一主體性的理解。這種以實(shí)踐解釋學(xué)為中介回歸馬克思本人的主體觀,也是向馬克思哲學(xué)的回歸。
[Abstract]:In the classical philosophy of Germany, the subject question always runs through the development of his thought. By criticizing Hegel and Feuerbach, Marx established a realistic, perceptual and practical historical subjective view, highlighting the relationship between subject and object in the process of practice. However, the understanding of historical subjects by some domestic Marxist researchers is still influenced by the French mechanical materialism in the 18th century, and they remain in a single angle of view of subject-object relationship, which leads to the great popularity of "historicism" research methods. That is to say, the single opposition between subject and object neglects subjectivity, which leads to the contradiction between historical subjectivity and historical regularity, and the contradiction between historical subject's creativity and movability. In addition, there is a single subjective understanding mode on the subject of history. Since Gadamer led hermeneutics to practice and understood Marx in the way of practical hermeneutics, it has led to a new trend of thought in understanding and interpreting Marx's theory. The core feature of practice hermeneutics is that it contains two dimensions of practice and history, which are the basic starting point of returning Marx's historical subjectivity. Under the basic premise of practicality and historicity, the evolution of Marx's historical subjective view is treated with Gadamer's theory of "effect history", and the understanding contradiction of "seeing things without seeing people" in the Soviet textbook philosophy is solved in the fusion of vision. The theory of "dialogue", which includes the relation of "main-guest" and "lord-lord", breaks through the understanding of single subjectivity. The return of Marx's subjective view to practical hermeneutics is also a return to Marxist philosophy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B038

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