本文選題：法家 + 韓非子　； 參考：《東北師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文旨在通過梳理總結學界以往關于法家的思想認識,總結提煉法家關于生存問題的政治原理層面的認識,同時關注現實中法家的生存手段,以期對法家思想作出一些歷史的闡釋與反思。本文共分為五章。第一章主要梳理法家學派的研究概況,對法家學派起源與劃分、法家理論的基本問題進行概要性的梳理。同時,總結先秦諸子關于“生”與“存”的論述,提出檢視生存問題的必要性。第二章分析生存的出現及其初步解決辦法,最初人們?yōu)閼獙ι娴耐{結社以自保,國家由此形成,君主亦經由推舉產生。但君主產生方式由禪讓制演進為繼承制,國家會隨之出現無法保證民眾生存的狀況。第三章就此問題提出應對舉措,以法限制君權,并且以法律防范民眾犯罪。楊朱則從無君論的角度提出了另類的解決方案,成為法家思想的有力補充。第四章提出現實的生存舉措,以“術”保護君主的生存,以重農抑商、力行耕戰(zhàn)的方式保障國家的生存,以軍功爵制、民爵制度等為庶民提供公平的上升空間。第五章分析法家思想的理論局限,從孟子與韓非子的“伊尹之辯”中可以看出韓非子對其思想中的有些成分亦頗為矛盾,從韓非版的“直躬證父”故事中可以看出法家理論的單一化傾向,最后從儒道關于“經典難題”的辯論中得出法家理論設計為底線設計的結論。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to summarize the previous ideas of Legalists in academic circles, to summarize and refine their understanding of the political principles of survival, and to pay attention to the means of survival of Legalists in reality. In order to make some historical interpretation and reflection on Legalist thought. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter mainly combs the general situation of the research of the Legalist School, summarizes the origin and division of the Legalist School and the basic problems of the Legalist Theory. At the same time, it sums up the pre-Qin scholars' exposition of "life" and "existence", and puts forward the necessity of examining the problem of existence. The second chapter analyzes the emergence of survival and its preliminary solution. At first, people protect themselves in order to deal with the threat of survival. The state is formed from this, and the monarch is also elected. But the monarchy evolved from the Zen system to the inheritance system, and the state could not guarantee the survival of the people. The third chapter puts forward the countermeasures to limit the monarchy by law, and to prevent the public from committing crimes by law. Yang Zhu put forward an alternative solution from the point of view of monarchy and became a powerful supplement to Legalist thought. The fourth chapter puts forward the realistic survival measures, protects the survival of the monarch with "skill", protects the survival of the country by the way of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce, and protects the survival of the country by practicing the ploughing war, and provides the common people with a fair rising space by the system of military meritorious service and the system of people's viscount. The fifth chapter is the theoretical limitation of the theory of the analytic thought. From Mencius and Han Feizi's "the debate of Yi Yin", we can see that Han Feizi also quite contradicts some elements in his thought. The single tendency of Legalism theory can be seen from the story of "straight bow to prove Father" in Han Fei edition. Finally, the conclusion that the design of Legalism theory is the bottom line design is drawn from the debate on "classic puzzle" of Confucianism and Taoism.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B226

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本文編號：1881694