本文選題：“利出一孔” + 改革��； 參考：《思想戰(zhàn)線》2017年04期

【摘要】：速效性是商鞅變法成功的一個(gè)重要原因和特點(diǎn),其根源在于極端貫徹運(yùn)用了"利出一孔"思想。在國(guó)家掌控所有生存資源的前提下,秦國(guó)統(tǒng)治者遏制并關(guān)閉所有個(gè)人生存通道或空間,僅把"農(nóng)戰(zhàn)"作為民眾唯一的生存"孔道",因此能快速集中國(guó)家肌體上每一個(gè)細(xì)胞的力量,驅(qū)動(dòng)全民為兼并戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、統(tǒng)一中國(guó)效力。這對(duì)秦國(guó)暴興功不可沒,同時(shí),也由于其缺乏制度彈性、悖逆人情等副作用,給秦朝暴亡埋下了重大隱患。秦國(guó)興亡留給歷史的昭示是,只有把強(qiáng)民作為強(qiáng)國(guó)的前提和基礎(chǔ),協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展民力與國(guó)力的關(guān)系,才能走出"利出一孔"的利弊循環(huán)。這對(duì)進(jìn)一步深入反思商鞅變法、總結(jié)改革與興衰關(guān)系和推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理現(xiàn)代化有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Quick-effect is an important reason and characteristic of Shang Yang's reform, whose root lies in the extreme application of the idea of "benefit out one hole". On the premise that the state controls all the living resources, the rulers of the Qin Dynasty contain and close down all individual survival channels or spaces. Only the "agricultural war" is regarded as the only "hole" for the people to survive, so it can quickly concentrate the strength of every cell on the national body, drive the whole people into a war of annexation, and unify China. At the same time, due to its lack of institutional flexibility, disobeying human feelings and other side effects, it buried a major hidden danger to the sudden death of Qin Dynasty. The rise and fall of Qin state is left to history that only by taking the strong people as the premise and foundation of the powerful nation and coordinating the development of the relationship between the people's power and the national strength, can we get out of the cycle of advantages and disadvantages of "benefit out a hole". This is of great practical significance for further reflection on Shang Yang's reform, summing up the relationship between reform and prosperity and promoting the modernization of national governance.
【作者單位】： 中央黨校研究室;
【分類號(hào)】：B226.2;K233

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