本文關(guān)鍵詞：黑格爾青年時(shí)期邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)思想發(fā)展研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 邏輯學(xué) 形而上學(xué) 生命 絕對(duì)精神 辯證法 認(rèn)識(shí)

【摘要】：思辨邏輯學(xué)是邏輯學(xué)與本體論的合一。它在黑格爾思想體系中占據(jù)核心地位,一直受到學(xué)界的重視。作為一種獨(dú)創(chuàng)性理論,思辨邏輯學(xué)在黑格爾思想生涯中擁有漫長(zhǎng)的形成過(guò)程。如果我們不對(duì)它的形成過(guò)程有所了解就很難理解思辨邏輯學(xué)。實(shí)際上,思辨邏輯學(xué)在形成之前分為邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)兩個(gè)部分。它的形成表現(xiàn)為邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的合流過(guò)程。兩者雖然作為獨(dú)立的部分,但它們?cè)诓煌瑫r(shí)期呈現(xiàn)出不同特點(diǎn),這些特點(diǎn)促使兩者逐步靠近,形成越來(lái)越密切的關(guān)系。因此,本文通過(guò)探討邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)在黑格爾青年時(shí)期不同階段的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)以及兩者的具體關(guān)系,來(lái)揭示兩者具有逐步合流的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。本文把邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)思想的發(fā)展劃分為三個(gè)階段,分別對(duì)應(yīng)論文主體的三個(gè)部分:“第一章前耶拿時(shí)期:對(duì)立狀態(tài)”。在這一階段,邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)在對(duì)立狀態(tài)中發(fā)展。黑格爾一方面拒斥邏輯學(xué),一方面發(fā)展形而上學(xué)。黑格爾的一元論信念奠定了他對(duì)形而上學(xué)的不懈追求,因此黑格爾堅(jiān)持發(fā)展形而上學(xué)。黑格爾拒斥邏輯學(xué)的原因在于,他所了解的邏輯學(xué)僅僅限于形式邏輯,而形式邏輯與他的一元論思想具有沖突性。形式邏輯的知性特征導(dǎo)致反思哲學(xué)在內(nèi)的理論方式無(wú)法達(dá)到對(duì)形而上學(xué)對(duì)象的真正認(rèn)識(shí)。因此,黑格爾的形而上學(xué)理論的發(fā)展則以宗教實(shí)踐為出發(fā)點(diǎn),他從宗教理論中發(fā)掘了愛(ài)和生命的思想,相繼建立愛(ài)和生命的形而上學(xué)。愛(ài)由于具有主觀性無(wú)法克服現(xiàn)實(shí)矛盾,被生命形而上學(xué)超越。生命理論作為客觀理論又促使黑格爾從實(shí)踐方向向理論方向過(guò)渡,為隨后建立哲學(xué)體系做了準(zhǔn)備。此外,邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的對(duì)立性關(guān)系在方法方面體現(xiàn)為辯證法的萌芽。“第二章耶拿早期:初步聯(lián)合”。邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的初步聯(lián)合首先表現(xiàn)為:黑格爾進(jìn)入耶拿大學(xué)后開(kāi)設(shè)了邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)課程,同時(shí)把兩者作為哲學(xué)體系的第一部分展開(kāi)建構(gòu)。兩者從對(duì)立狀態(tài)到初步聯(lián)合的首要前提是對(duì)邏輯學(xué)進(jìn)行改造,而改造邏輯學(xué)的動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)自當(dāng)時(shí)以萊茵荷爾德為代表的邏輯學(xué)理論發(fā)展?fàn)顩r對(duì)黑格爾的激發(fā)。從邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合的總體構(gòu)思來(lái)看,黑格爾意圖通過(guò)邏輯學(xué)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)知性的消除,由此過(guò)渡到理性,也即形而上學(xué)領(lǐng)域。因此邏輯學(xué)在功能上也就成為形而上學(xué)的導(dǎo)論。邏輯學(xué)方面,黑格爾部分參照了康德邏輯學(xué)來(lái)建構(gòu)自己的邏輯學(xué)框架要素,通過(guò)對(duì)普通邏輯的知性特征進(jìn)行批判,最終達(dá)到“理性的否定方面”,就確立了邏輯學(xué)作為批判的邏輯學(xué)的性質(zhì)。黑格爾的形而上學(xué)理論,在生命原則的基礎(chǔ)上,以發(fā)掘哲學(xué)史中的思辨形而上學(xué)資源為主線(xiàn),與斯賓諾莎形而上學(xué)思想相類(lèi)似,因此具有舊形而上學(xué)的特征。伴隨著邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的發(fā)展,辯證法思想也僅僅是有所推進(jìn)。以上各方面都表明兩者的聯(lián)合僅僅是一個(gè)初步的聯(lián)合。“第三章耶拿后期:深度聯(lián)合”。邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)深度聯(lián)合的契機(jī)表現(xiàn)為黑格爾開(kāi)始解決一個(gè)根本性的問(wèn)題:認(rèn)識(shí)。黑格爾從康德、費(fèi)希特哲學(xué)那里發(fā)現(xiàn)意識(shí)活動(dòng)原理的理論價(jià)值,發(fā)現(xiàn)認(rèn)識(shí)具有本體論特征,因而以認(rèn)識(shí)為主題重新對(duì)邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)進(jìn)行建構(gòu)。在邏輯學(xué)改造方面,邏輯學(xué)的框架和要素在耶拿早期邏輯學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上得到了突破性的深化和擴(kuò)展。邏輯學(xué)通過(guò)各邏輯環(huán)節(jié)來(lái)構(gòu)造認(rèn)識(shí)的要素,最終達(dá)到絕對(duì)無(wú)限的認(rèn)識(shí),因而邏輯學(xué)在性質(zhì)上就是構(gòu)造的邏輯學(xué)。在形而上學(xué)方面,黑格爾確立了絕對(duì)精神作為最高的理念;通過(guò)把認(rèn)識(shí)本體化,這一時(shí)期的形而上學(xué)超越了自生命思想以來(lái)的客體性形而上學(xué)而成為主體性形而上學(xué)。由于邏輯學(xué)確立無(wú)限認(rèn)識(shí)的形式,形而上學(xué)確立無(wú)限認(rèn)識(shí)的本體,因此邏輯學(xué)在功能上成為形而上學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),這比前一階段邏輯學(xué)的導(dǎo)論功能更加具有必要性。在方法上,邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的深度聯(lián)合還體現(xiàn)為辯證法的確立�？傊�,邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)的全面創(chuàng)新性發(fā)展促使兩者實(shí)現(xiàn)了深度聯(lián)合。通過(guò)以上三個(gè)發(fā)展階段得出:思辨邏輯學(xué)作為邏輯學(xué)與本體論的合一,在黑格爾青年時(shí)期體現(xiàn)為邏輯學(xué)與形而上學(xué)兩部分內(nèi)容逐步發(fā)展的過(guò)程,而兩者在關(guān)系上從對(duì)立狀態(tài)到初步聯(lián)合再到深度聯(lián)合,就展現(xiàn)了趨向融合的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:Speculative logic is the logic and ontology integration. It occupies the core position in the system of Hagel thought, has attracted the attention of the academia. As a unique theory, has formed a long process of speculative logic in Hagel thought in life. If we don't understand it's forming process it is difficult to understand the speculative logic in fact, speculative logic is divided into two parts in logic and metaphysics. Formed before the formation of combined process is the logic and metaphysics of it. Although both as an independent part, but they also have different characteristics, these characteristics make them gradually close, forming a closer relationship. Therefore, this paper the specific relationship between logic and metaphysics development characteristics of different stages and two in the Hagel youth, they have gradually revealed The development trend of the development step. The confluence of logic and Metaphysics Thought is divided into three stages, three parts corresponding to the main body of the thesis: the first chapter: the former Jena opposition state. At this stage, the development of logic and metaphysics in the opposite state. On the one hand Hagel rejects logic, a development of metaphysics Hagel laid the relentless pursuit of monism belief metaphysics he, therefore Hagel adhere to the development of metaphysics. Because Hagel rejects logic, he understood the logic only form of logic and formal logic and his theory has a conflict. Intellectual character of formal logic in theory, philosophical reflection cannot reach the real understanding of the object of metaphysics. Therefore, the development of Hagel's theory of metaphysics is to practice a religion The point, he discovered the love for life and thought from the theory of religion, love and life have been established. Because love is subjective metaphysics cannot overcome the contradictions in reality, is life beyond life. Metaphysics theory as the objective theory and practice from the direction of the theory prompted Hagel to prepare for the transition, then establish a system of philosophy. In addition the relationship between opposites, logic and metaphysics embodied dialectics in budding method. "In the early second chapter of Jena: a preliminary combination of logic and metaphysics. The preliminary joint performance for the first: Hagel entered Jena University opened the course of logic and metaphysics, and both of them as the first part of philosophy system construction. Both from the start opposite state to the premise of the preliminary joint is to reconstruct the logic, and the logic transformation of the motivation comes from the then Rhine charge He is the representative of the logic development of theory of excitation of Hagel. From the logic and metaphysics to realize overall conception combined, through the elimination of intellectual Hagel logic implementation intentions, thus the transition to rational, i.e. the realm of metaphysics. Therefore logic in function becomes metaphysical. Introduction to logic, Hagel part according to Kant to construct the logic framework of logic elements in their criticism, through understanding characteristics of common logic, and finally to "negative" rational, established the logic nature as critique of logic. Hagel's theory of metaphysics, based on the principles of life, to explore resources of speculative metaphysics in the history of philosophy as the main line, similar to Spinoza s metaphysics, it has characteristics of old metaphysics with logic and. Metaphysical development, dialectics is only somewhat forward. These areas can show that the joint is only a preliminary combination. The third chapter Jena late: the depth of the joint. The opportunity of logic and metaphysics depthunion performance for Hagel began to solve a fundamental problem: understanding Hagel from Kant. The philosophy of Fichte found theoretical value consciousness principle, that understanding has the characteristics of ontology, and thus to understand the theme of logic and metaphysics construction. In logic transformation, logic framework and elements of the deepening and expansion of a breakthrough in Jena early on. Through the logic logic elements of each logical link to construct knowledge, and ultimately achieve absolute infinite knowledge, and logic structure is in the nature of the party in the metaphysical logic. Hagel, established the absolute spirit as the highest principle; the knowledge ontology, this period of metaphysics beyond the self life thought since the object of metaphysics and become the subject of metaphysics. Because the establishment of infinite knowledge logic, metaphysics establish infinite understanding of ontology, so the logic has become the basis of metaphysics in function this is necessary, more than the previous stage of the introduction of functional logic. In the method, logic and metaphysics of the depth of the joint is also reflected in the establishment of dialectical logic science. In short, the development of innovative and comprehensive metaphysics makes them realize the depth of the joint. Through the above three stages of development: the speculative logic as logic and ontology integration, process reflects the gradual development of logic and metaphysics of the two part in Hagel's youth And both in relation to the relationship from the state of opposites to the initial Union and then to the depth of the combination, it shows the trend of trend integration.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B516.35
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本文編號(hào)：1361640