本文選題：肺癌 + 燃煤產(chǎn)物　； 參考：《云南師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：華南晚二疊世是地質時期上一個重要成煤時期,滇東黔西地區(qū)的威寧、宣威、富源和盤縣以西分布著豐富的晚二疊世煤炭資源,宣威肺癌高發(fā)區(qū)虎頭村和貴州非肺癌區(qū)盤縣老廠同屬于華南晚二疊世成煤時期的宣威煤系中下段(龍?zhí)督M)。本文運用環(huán)境科學、醫(yī)學地質學、礦物巖石學和細胞毒理學等相關原理,利用ICP-MS儀器對虎頭村和老廠居民生活區(qū)的燃煤及其煤燃燒產(chǎn)物進行元素含量對比分析,并對宣威肺癌患者肺癌組織和電廠燃煤產(chǎn)物、電廠周圍灰塵及PM10中元素含量進行測試和分析,通過以上分析研究,主要獲得以下結論:1、經(jīng)過調研宣威肺癌高發(fā)的來賓鎮(zhèn)虎頭村居民生活燃料主要使用是雁塘煤礦開采B3煤層,對照點非肺癌區(qū)貴州盤縣老廠居民生活燃料主要來源于老廠煤礦開采17號煤層。(1)宣威虎頭村B3煤樣中Ca、V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Sr、Zn、Pr、Nd、La、Ce、Gd、Dy、Pb等元素含量均大于老廠煤礦17號的煤樣。(2)宣威雁塘煤礦煤中元素富集程度高于老廠煤礦可能與煤形成過程中的火山活動有關;老廠煤中S的富集主要受煤形成過程中的海水的影響,As的富集與火山活動有關。2、分別在宣威肺癌高發(fā)區(qū)來賓鎮(zhèn)虎頭村和對照點非肺癌地區(qū)盤縣老廠采集了廚房灰塵、臥室灰塵進行元素粒徑檢測。宣威臥室灰粒徑小于10μm所占比例是宣威廚房灰的2倍,宣威臥室灰粒徑小于2μm所占比例是宣威廚房灰的3倍左右,總體而言,臥室灰比廚房灰粒度小,女性和男性睡眠時間為8.3小時,均高于爐灶周圍和其他活動時間,推測在臥室可吸入更多細顆粒物。宣威廚房灰塵、臥室灰塵都比老廠廚房灰塵、臥室灰塵粒徑大,這可能導致宣威虎頭村地區(qū)居民比老廠地區(qū)居民在室內吸入更多細顆粒物。3、采集虎頭村和老廠農(nóng)戶爐灶灰、鍋底灰、煙囪灰、室內灰塵進行元素含量檢測�；㈩^村煙囪灰、室內灰、鍋底灰、爐灶灰元素富集程度大于老廠,宣威虎頭村4號農(nóng)戶主要使用的木材和煙煤來進行做飯的,而老廠4號農(nóng)戶使用煙煤作為燃料,其煙囪灰、室內灰、鍋底灰、爐灶灰元素富集程度高于宣威虎頭村,說明用煙煤作為燃料比燒柴更容易造成的大量元素富集。4、采集宣威電廠燃煤產(chǎn)物進行粒徑和元素含量分析。(1)宣威電廠除塵器對粒徑50μm的飛灰有較好的效果,而對粒徑10μm的飛灰除塵效果較差,排入大氣占78.09%,粒徑在1-5μm飛灰排入大氣占49.22%,尤其是對于粒徑2μm除塵效果最低,最后排入到大氣占38.09%。(2)對比宣威電廠燃煤過程中元素富集程度發(fā)現(xiàn),由大到小為:飛灰3(經(jīng)過四個除塵器的飛灰)底灰飛灰2(經(jīng)過一個除塵器的飛灰)飛灰1(沒有經(jīng)過除塵器的飛灰),底灰元素含量僅次于飛灰3,說明煤燃燒過程中揮發(fā)比較少,基本保留在底灰中,飛灰3中Al、V、Co、N i、C u、As、Sn、Yb、U、Bi等元素含量遠遠大于底灰、飛灰2、飛灰1。5、宣威電廠周圍灰塵及PM10中元素特征分析。(1)宣威火車站、革香河和虎頭村的PM10夜晚元素濃度多數(shù)都大于白天的濃度,所有采樣點PM10白天元素含量Na的濃度最高,Al、Ba、Ca、K、Zn、Ga元素濃度相對較高,Ba、K、Na、Zn、Ti、Cr、N i、Cu、As、Rb、Pb元素質量濃度在不同區(qū)域表現(xiàn)為火車站革香河虎頭村。(2)對比4個采樣點灰塵元素含量富集程度發(fā)現(xiàn),Ca、Al、Ce、Cr、C u、Sr、Sn、V元素富集表現(xiàn)為宣威民中母家屯虎頭村板橋鎮(zhèn),可以看出電廠污染物對下風向的來賓和虎頭村地區(qū)的環(huán)境存在污染,且隨著離電廠的距離越近,污染越嚴重。6、對照宣威肺癌患者肺癌組織的切片癌細胞觀察,細胞中含有大量的顆粒物,大多數(shù)是以納米粒徑的顆粒物聚集。分別對宣威電廠燃煤排放到環(huán)境中的飛灰進行粒徑與元素含量測試分析,粒徑1-5μm飛灰排入大氣占49.22%,顆粒物粒徑2μm占38.09%,宣威燃煤電廠排入大氣中飛灰(飛灰3)與肺癌組織元素含量在分布趨勢上除個別元素含量外基本趨于一致,且飛灰3的元素含量基本高于肺癌組織,通過該對照分析,證明了電廠排放的煙塵對當?shù)胤伟└甙l(fā)有影響,這是與前人研究成果得出不同的結論。宣威肺癌的高發(fā)可能與當?shù)厝紵裏熋汉碗姀S燃煤排放產(chǎn)物對其影響有關。
[Abstract]:The Late Permian in Southern China is an important period of coal formation in the geological period. Weining, Xuanwei, Fuyuan and the west of the Qianxi region of eastern Yunnan are rich in the coal resources of the Late Permian. It is the middle and lower section of Xuanwei coal system (Longtan group) in the late two fold coal formation period of Southern China in Xuanwei lung, the high incidence area of lung cancer in Xuanwei and Guizhou non lung cancer area Panxian old factory. Based on the principles of environmental science, medical geology, mineral petrology and cell toxicology, this paper makes use of ICP-MS instrument to compare the content of coal and coal combustion products in the living area of tiger head village and old factory, and to the coal burning products of lung cancer tissue and electric plant of Xuanwei lung cancer patients, the dust in the surrounding power plant and the elements in PM10 The content is tested and analyzed. Through the above analysis and research, the main conclusions are as follows: 1, the main use of the living fuel of the residents of tiger head village, which has high incidence of lung cancer, is the B3 coal mining in Yan Tang coal mine, and the living materials of the residents in Panxian old factory in Guizhou, the non lung cancer area, are mainly derived from the No. 17 coal seam mining in LAOCHANG coal mine. (1) The content of the elements such as Ca, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Zn, Pr, Nd, are all greater than the coal samples of No. 17 in the old coal mine. (2) the enrichment of elements in the coal mine of Xuanwei coal mine is higher than that in the old coal mine, and the enrichment of the coal in the old coal is mainly influenced by the seawater in the process of coal formation. The enrichment and volcanic activity related to.2, collected the kitchen dust in the Panxian old factory, Laibin village, the high incidence area of Xuanwei lung cancer, and the control point in the non lung cancer area of the control point. The dust of the bedroom was detected by the element particle size. The proportion of the ash size of the Xuanwei bedroom is less than 10 mu m, the proportion of the Xuanwei kitchen ash is 2 times, the proportion of the Xuanwei's bedroom ash size less than 2 mu m is declared. On the whole, the kitchen ash is about 3 times. In general, the bedroom ash is smaller than the kitchen ash, and the sleep time for women and men is 8.3 hours. It is higher than around the stove and other activities. It is presumed that more fine particles can be inhaled in the bedroom. The dust in the Xuanwei kitchen is more dust than the old factory kitchen, and the dust size of the bedroom is large, which may lead to the Xuanwei tiger. More fine particulate matter.3 was inhaled indoors in the village of the village of the head of the village, collecting the stove ash of the tiger head village and the old factory farmers, the dust of the bottom of the pot, the dust of the chimney and the indoor dust. The ash of the chimney of tiger head, the indoor ash, the bottom ash of the stove, the concentration of the ash element of the stove is larger than that of the old factory, the main wood used by the 4 farmers in Xuanwei village of Xuanwei. And bituminous coal for cooking, and old factory No. 4 farmers used bituminous coal as fuel, its chimney ash, indoor ash, pot bottom ash, furnace ash enrichment degree is higher than the Xuanwei Tiger Village, indicating that the use of bituminous coal as fuel is more likely to lead to a large number of elements enriched.4 than the burning of firewood, collection of coal products in Xuanwei Power Plant for particle size and element content analysis. (1) Xuan The dust collector of the power plant has a good effect on the fly ash with a particle size of 50 m, while the dust removal effect on the fly ash with a particle size of 10 mu is poor, the discharge into the atmosphere is 78.09%, the particle size is 49.22% in the atmosphere of 1-5 mu m fly ash, especially the lowest dust removal effect for the particle size 2 m. Finally, the enrichment degree of the element in the combustion process of the contrast Xuanwei Power Plant of 38.09%. (2) is discharged into the atmosphere. It is found that from large to small, fly ash 3 (fly ash through four dust remover) fly ash 2 (through a dust collector fly ash) fly ash 1 (without fly ash from dust collector), the content of bottom ash element is second only to fly ash 3, indicating that the volatilization of coal combustion is less in the process of coal combustion, and is basically kept in the bottom ash, Al, V, Co, N I, C u, As, Sn, Yb, U, Bi and other elements contained in fly ash 3 The quantity is far greater than the bottom ash, fly ash 2, fly ash 1.5, the analysis of the elements in the dust and PM10 around Xuanwei Power Plant. (1) the concentration of the elements in the PM10 night of the XuanWei Railway Station, the leather Xianghe and the tiger head village is most larger than the daytime concentration, and the concentration of Na in the daytime element content of all sampling points is the highest, Al, Ba, Ca, K, Zn, Ga elements are relatively high, Ba, K, Ba, K, Ba, Ba. The mass concentration of Cr, N I, Cu, As, Rb, Pb is shown in the different regions of Xianghe tiger head village of railway station. (2) the concentration of dust elements in the 4 sampling points is compared to the concentration of Ca, Al, Ce, Cr, and the enrichment of the elements is shown in the village of the village of Xuanwei village, Tuen Tiger Village, Tuen Tiger Village, the village of Xuanwei people. The environment is polluted, and the closer to the distance from the power plant, the more serious the pollution is.6. Compared with the tumor cells of lung cancer tissue from the lung cancer patients of Xuanwei lung cancer, there are a large number of particles in the cells. Most of the particles are aggregated with nanoparticles. The particle size and element content of the fly ash in Xuanwei Power Plant in the environment are measured respectively. The test analysis shows that the particle size of 1-5 m fly ash is 49.22%, the particle size is 2 mu m, and the particle size is 38.09%. The air fly ash (fly ash 3) in Xuanwei coal-fired power plant is basically consistent with the content of lung cancer tissue except for the content of individual elements, and the content of element content of fly ash 3 is higher than that of lung cancer tissue, and the electricity is proved by this control analysis. The smoke and dust discharged from the factory has an effect on the high incidence of local lung cancer. This is a conclusion different from the previous research results. The high incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei may be related to the effect of burning coal and coal emission products from the local burning coal and power plant.

【學位授予單位】：云南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R734.2;X773

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