本文選題：超聲 + 免疫治療��； 參考：《科學(xué)通報》2017年35期

【摘要】：免疫治療是一種新興的腫瘤療法.與傳統(tǒng)的療法直接殺傷腫瘤不同,免疫治療是通過激活或增強(qiáng)人體免疫系統(tǒng),依靠自身免疫功能間接殺滅癌細(xì)胞和腫瘤組織的療法.考慮到腫瘤的異質(zhì)性和遺傳不穩(wěn)定性,單一的療法不能達(dá)到完全治愈腫瘤的效果.近年來,有研究表明,利用超聲可以提高機(jī)體對腫瘤的免疫反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度,加強(qiáng)腫瘤的免疫治療效果.聚焦超聲在破壞腫瘤的同時可以導(dǎo)致機(jī)體在原位產(chǎn)生腫瘤碎片和腫瘤相關(guān)抗原等物質(zhì),增強(qiáng)腫瘤的免疫原性,刺激細(xì)胞免疫,誘導(dǎo)機(jī)體產(chǎn)生免疫應(yīng)答.微泡是臨床上使用的超聲造影劑,微泡的加入可以加強(qiáng)聚焦超聲對腫瘤的破壞效果,引發(fā)更強(qiáng)的免疫反應(yīng).利用超聲和微泡的組合還可以打開血腦屏障,促進(jìn)免疫細(xì)胞或免疫治療藥物進(jìn)入血腦屏障發(fā)揮作用.此外,微泡還是一種常用的基因和藥物載體,利用超聲將負(fù)載免疫相關(guān)基因或抗原的微泡遞送到腫瘤細(xì)胞或免疫細(xì)胞中,同樣可以增強(qiáng)免疫應(yīng)答反應(yīng),提高腫瘤免疫治療的療效.
[Abstract]:Immunotherapy is a new tumor therapy. Different from the traditional therapy, immunotherapy is to kill cancer cells and tumor tissues indirectly by activating or strengthening the immune system of human body and indirectly killing cancer cells and tumor tissues by autoimmune function. Considering the heterogeneity and genetic instability of the tumor, a single therapy can not cure the tumor completely. In recent years, some studies have shown that ultrasound can improve the immune response to tumor and enhance the immunotherapy effect of tumor. Focused ultrasound can cause tumor fragments and tumor-related antigens to be produced in situ, enhance the immunogenicity of tumors, stimulate cellular immunity and induce immune response. Microbubbles are ultrasound contrast agents used in clinic. The addition of microbubbles can enhance the destructive effect of focused ultrasound on tumor and induce a stronger immune response. The combination of ultrasound and microbubbles can also open the blood-brain barrier and promote immune cells or immunotherapeutic drugs to enter the blood-brain barrier. In addition, microbubbles are also a commonly used gene and drug carrier, using ultrasound to transfer immune-related genes or antigen-loaded microbubbles to tumor cells or immune cells, which can also enhance the immune response. To improve the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)工學(xué)院生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程系;
【分類號】：R730.51
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本文編號：1803384