本文選題：微生物群落　切入點(diǎn)：結(jié)直腸癌　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：結(jié)直腸癌(Colorectal Cancer,CRC)是世界上常見(jiàn)的惡性腫瘤之一。研究結(jié)果表明,腸道微生物群落組成的變化可能誘發(fā)結(jié)直腸癌的發(fā)生,因此可以作為這一疾病的敏感信號(hào)。然而,結(jié)直腸癌是否與腸道微生物群落的維持機(jī)制有關(guān)仍然知之甚少。本文從生態(tài)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)角度對(duì)與結(jié)直腸癌有關(guān)組織的微生物群落的多樣性及其分布進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,主要內(nèi)容為:第一,對(duì)微生物群落建立線性模型研究其分布關(guān)系。進(jìn)而利用擴(kuò)展的Taylor冪法則研究結(jié)直腸癌患者與健康人相關(guān)組織的微生物群落的空間異質(zhì)性(種間異質(zhì)性及種內(nèi)異質(zhì)性),一方面對(duì)8名結(jié)直腸癌患者的癌變組織的異質(zhì)性與鄰近的正常組織的異質(zhì)性進(jìn)行比較,另一方面對(duì)46位結(jié)直腸癌患者患病組織與56位健康人相同部位的組織的異質(zhì)性進(jìn)行比較,以探討罹患結(jié)直腸癌是否與組織的微生物群落的空間異質(zhì)性的改變有關(guān)。第二,用Ewens和Etienne兩種抽樣方法對(duì)來(lái)自8位結(jié)直腸癌患者的癌變組織和鄰近正常組織的采樣數(shù)據(jù)以及46位結(jié)直腸癌患者和56位健康人的采樣數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行中性檢驗(yàn),運(yùn)用卡方檢驗(yàn)比較兩種方法的差異,總結(jié)中性率。對(duì)中性模型里的基礎(chǔ)多樣性參數(shù)和Simpson多樣性指數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)闡述,深入探討它們之間的關(guān)系。研究將回歸、檢驗(yàn)、估計(jì)等相關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法應(yīng)用并擴(kuò)展到生態(tài)領(lǐng)域中的結(jié)直腸癌有關(guān)的腸道微生物群落中,試圖在這一新的環(huán)境群落中探索相關(guān)組織間的生態(tài)機(jī)制和聚集、維護(hù)能力的差異,結(jié)果表明癌變組較正常對(duì)照組的種間異質(zhì)性和多樣性發(fā)生了相應(yīng)的變化,初步結(jié)果對(duì)于展開(kāi)后續(xù)關(guān)于腸道微生物疾病相關(guān)的生態(tài)統(tǒng)計(jì)研究是有意義的。
[Abstract]:Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world.The results indicate that the change of intestinal microbial community may induce the occurrence of colorectal cancer, so it can be used as a sensitive signal of this disease.However, little is known about whether colorectal cancer is related to the maintenance mechanism of the intestinal microbial community.In this paper, the diversity and distribution of microbial communities in tissues related to colorectal cancer are analyzed statistically from the perspective of ecological statistics. The main contents are as follows: first, establish a linear model to study the distribution of microbial communities.Furthermore, the spatial heterogeneity (interspecific heterogeneity and intraspecific heterogeneity) of the microbial communities in the tissues related to colorectal cancer patients and healthy people were studied by using the extended Taylor power law. On the one hand, the cancer tissues of 8 patients with colorectal cancer were studied.The heterogeneity was compared with that of the adjacent normal tissue.On the other hand, the heterogeneity of the same site in 46 patients with colorectal cancer and 56 healthy people was compared to explore whether colorectal cancer is related to the spatial heterogeneity of microorganism community.Second, samples from cancerous tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 8 patients with colorectal cancer and those from 46 colorectal cancer patients and 56 healthy people were tested for neutral test using Ewens and Etienne sampling methods.The differences between the two methods were compared by chi-square test, and the neutral rate was summarized.The basic diversity parameters and Simpson diversity index in neutral model are discussed in detail, and the relationship between them is discussed.The study applied and extended regression, testing, estimation and other statistical methods to the intestinal microbial community associated with colorectal cancer in the ecological field, trying to explore the ecological mechanism and aggregation of related tissues in this new environmental community.The difference of maintenance ability indicated that the interspecific heterogeneity and diversity of cancer group were different from those of normal control group, and the preliminary results were significant for the subsequent ecological statistical study on intestinal microbial diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R735.34

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