本文選題：熱聲成像　切入點(diǎn)：高分辨率和定量　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：微波熱聲成像技術(shù)能對(duì)生物組織介電特性分布進(jìn)行高分辨率,高對(duì)比度成像,是一種具有廣泛應(yīng)用潛力和良好發(fā)展前景的新型無(wú)損醫(yī)學(xué)影像方法。該技術(shù)以非電離輻射脈沖微波輻照生物組織,通過(guò)生物組織焦耳損耗和極化損耗吸收微波能量并引起熱致伸縮產(chǎn)生超聲波,以熱致超聲波作為信息載體反應(yīng)受輻照部位對(duì)微波的吸收特性;因此,該技術(shù)不僅具有微波成像的高對(duì)比度特征,還具備超聲成像的高分辨率能力。根據(jù)不同生理和病理狀態(tài)組織的微波吸收差異特性,熱聲成像技術(shù)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)高分辨率、高對(duì)比度、非侵入式的無(wú)損醫(yī)學(xué)檢測(cè)。一方面乳腺癌腫瘤惡性增殖,導(dǎo)致乳腺癌組織水含量及粒子濃度比正常乳房組織高出許多,進(jìn)而使得兩者微波吸收差異較大(可以高達(dá)10:1),利于高對(duì)比度熱聲成像;另一方面,微波波長(zhǎng)較長(zhǎng)可輕易穿透整個(gè)乳房,具有較大熱聲成像深度;所以微波熱聲成像技術(shù)適合開(kāi)展乳腺癌檢測(cè)應(yīng)用研究。同時(shí),基于微波成像技術(shù)在手指關(guān)節(jié)以及多種腦血管和腫瘤疾病檢測(cè)方面的研究進(jìn)展,表明該類(lèi)疾病也具有高微波熱聲響應(yīng)特性,適宜開(kāi)展微波熱聲成像檢測(cè)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用研究�；谝陨戏治�,本論文以微波熱聲成像技術(shù)的乳腺癌檢測(cè)為主要研究對(duì)象,從微波熱聲成像基本理論出發(fā),重點(diǎn)介紹了定量微波熱聲成像重建算法;設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了微波熱聲層析成像和基于超短脈沖激勵(lì)的高分辨率熱聲成像兩套實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),構(gòu)建了可用于MRI、光聲和熱聲三模態(tài)成像的技術(shù)平臺(tái);開(kāi)展了乳腺癌臨床前(仿體、人體乳腺癌離體切片、乳腺癌動(dòng)物模型)定量微波熱聲成像實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,三模態(tài)腫瘤活體成像實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,高分辨率熱聲成像以及手指關(guān)節(jié)、腦血管病和腦腫瘤疾病的熱聲成像可行性實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。主要內(nèi)容為:1.設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了微波熱聲層析成像和基于超短脈沖的高分辨率熱聲成像兩套系統(tǒng);提出并構(gòu)建了融合MRI,光聲和熱聲成像的三模態(tài)腫瘤成像檢測(cè)平臺(tái);2.提出了一種能模擬真實(shí)乳腺癌和腦組織介電特性分布的仿體制作方法,并利用理論擬合和實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試對(duì)該方法模擬組織介電特性分布的準(zhǔn)確性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證;同時(shí),利用仿體,人體乳腺癌離體切片和乳腺癌動(dòng)物模型活體實(shí)驗(yàn),首次對(duì)微波熱聲成像技術(shù)定量檢測(cè)乳腺癌的可行性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證;3.設(shè)計(jì)并制作了可與MRI進(jìn)行融合的多模態(tài)成像老鼠支架系統(tǒng),成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)腫瘤動(dòng)物模型的三模態(tài)成像和圖像融合,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:同時(shí)將腫瘤MRI揭示的局部形態(tài)學(xué)信息與腫瘤對(duì)光和微波吸收的功能性信息整合到一張圖像上,更有利于對(duì)腫瘤的精確診斷;4.設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了基于傳動(dòng)軸帶動(dòng)超聲探測(cè)器旋轉(zhuǎn)的超短脈沖高分辨率熱聲成像數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊,以及避免超短脈沖功率源干擾數(shù)據(jù)采集和控制模塊電子學(xué)設(shè)備的電磁屏蔽系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)高頻熱聲信號(hào)產(chǎn)生和成像實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)搭建的超短脈沖高分辨率熱聲成像系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行了初步探索和驗(yàn)證;5.構(gòu)建了用于手指關(guān)節(jié)成像的熱聲成像系統(tǒng),通過(guò)將志愿者手指熱聲成像與MRI成像結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了手指關(guān)節(jié)熱聲成像的可行性,開(kāi)辟了熱聲手指成像研究新領(lǐng)域;同時(shí),首次利用真實(shí)人頭蓋骨,對(duì)熱聲成像技術(shù)用于腦血管和腫瘤疾病成像檢測(cè)的應(yīng)用潛力進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,通過(guò)腦出血,腦腫瘤仿體模型,以及分辨率實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了開(kāi)展高分辨率熱聲腦成像研究的可行性,為開(kāi)展多種腦疾病的診療和防治研究提供了一種新的技術(shù)手段。通過(guò)本文開(kāi)展的實(shí)驗(yàn)和理論研究,充分驗(yàn)證了乳腺癌定量微波熱聲成像的臨床可行性,為其臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)開(kāi)展及推廣奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。針對(duì)早期乳腺癌檢測(cè)對(duì)成像技術(shù)的高需求,本文提出融合MRI,光聲和熱聲的三模態(tài)成像技術(shù)來(lái)提高乳腺癌熱聲成像檢測(cè)靈敏度和特異性;同時(shí)提出基于超短脈沖激勵(lì)的高分辨率熱聲成像技術(shù)來(lái)提升乳腺癌熱聲成像分辨率和能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率,更具臨床實(shí)用價(jià)值。鑒于微波熱聲成像技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì),本文對(duì)其在手指關(guān)節(jié)和腦疾病方面的應(yīng)用潛力進(jìn)行了探索,驗(yàn)證了開(kāi)展手指關(guān)節(jié)和腦疾病熱聲成像研究的可行性,開(kāi)辟了熱聲成像應(yīng)用研究的嶄新領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:Microwave thermal acoustic imaging of biological tissue dielectric properties of the distribution of high resolution, high contrast imaging, is a new nondestructive medical imaging method has wide application potential and good prospects for development. The technology uses non ionizing radiation pulse microwave irradiation of biological tissue, absorb microwave energy and cause thermal expansion generated by ultrasonic biological tissue Joule loss and polarization loss, the thermal reaction of irradiated ultrasound as an information carrier position on the microwave absorption properties; therefore, the microwave imaging technology not only has high contrast features, also has high resolution ability by ultrasound imaging. According to the different physiological and pathological state of microwave tissue absorption difference characteristic, thermoacoustic imaging technique can achieve high resolution, high contrast, non-invasive medical examination and nondestructive. On the one hand breast tumor malignant proliferation of breast cancer, resulting in water The content and the particle concentration is much higher than in normal breast tissue, which makes both the microwave absorption differences (up to 10:1), the high contrast of thermoacoustic imaging; on the other hand, the microwave wavelength longer can easily penetrate the entire breast, with large thermal acoustic imaging depth; so the microwave thermal acoustic imaging technology is suitable to carry out applied research the detection of breast cancer. At the same time, the research progress of microwave imaging technique in the detection of multiple finger joints and cerebral vascular disease and cancer based on the show that this kind of disease has high microwave thermoacoustic response characteristics, application of suitable for microwave thermoacoustic imaging detection technology. Based on the above analysis, this paper takes microwave thermoacoustic imaging technology breast cancer detection is the main research object, starting from the basic theory of microwave thermoacoustic imaging, emphatically introduces the quantitative microwave thermoacoustic imaging reconstruction algorithm; design and built a microwave thermoacoustic Tomography based on ultrashort pulse excitation and high resolution thermal acoustic imaging of two sets of experimental system was built for MRI, technology platform and thermoacoustic photoacoustic imaging mode three; to carry out clinical breast cancer before (phantom, human breast cancer in vitro slices, animal models of breast cancer) the study of microwave heat study on modal acoustic imaging, three tumor imaging experiments, high resolution thermal acoustic imaging and finger joint, experimental study on thermoacoustic imaging feasibility of cerebrovascular disease and brain tumor diseases. The main contents are as follows: 1. to design and build the thermoacoustic tomography and high resolution thermal acoustic imaging system two set based on ultrashort pulses is proposed; and the construction of the integration of MRI, the three mode of tumor imaging detection platform for photoacoustic and thermal acoustic imaging; the 2. presents a can simulate real breast cancer and brain tissue dielectric properties of the distribution of phantom production methods, and using the theory of fitting and The experimental tests were carried out to verify the simulation accuracy of the dielectric properties of tissue distribution; at the same time, the use of imitation, human breast cancer in vitro slices and animal models of breast cancer in vivo, for the first time on quantitative microwave induced thermo acoustic imaging for detection of breast cancer, the feasibility was verified; 3. designed and made multimodalimaging mouse support system integration with MRI, the successful implementation of the three mode imaging and image fusion on tumor animal model, the experimental results show that while the local morphological information and tumor MRI reveals the functional information of light absorption and microwave integrated into an image, more conducive to the accurate diagnosis of tumor; 4. design and set up the drive shaft drives the rotation of the ultrashort pulse ultrasonic detector imaging data acquisition module based on high resolution thermal acoustic ultrashort pulsed power source, and to avoid the interference of data gathering and Electromagnetic shielding system control module electronics equipment. The performance of pulsed high resolution thermal acoustic imaging system to build ultra short was explored and verified by high frequency thermoacoustic signal and imaging experiments; 5. were constructed for thermoacoustic imaging system of finger joint imaging, by comparing volunteers thermoacoustic imaging and MRI finger imaging results, validation the feasibility of finger joint thermoacoustic imaging, has opened up a new field of study on thermoacoustic imaging at the same time, the first use of fingers; real skulls, the thermoacoustic imaging for potential imaging of brain vascular disease and cancer detection were assessed by cerebral hemorrhage, brain tumor phantom model, and the resolution of the experiment to verify the feasibility of high resolution study of thermoacoustic brain imaging development, provides a new technical means for the treatment and prevention of the various brain diseases. Through this exhibition opening Experimental and theoretical study has verified the feasibility of clinical breast cancer quantitative microwave thermoacoustic imaging, which laid a solid foundation for the development and promotion of the clinical trials for early detection of breast cancer. The high demand for imaging technology, this paper presents the integration of MRI, three mode imaging technology of photoacoustic and thermal acoustic heat to improve breast cancer acoustic imaging sensitivity and specificity of the test; at the same time the ultrashort pulse high resolution thermal acoustic imaging technology based on the incentive to improve breast cancer thermoacoustic imaging resolution and energy conversion efficiency, more clinical practical value. In view of the microwave thermoacoustic imaging technology, this paper discusses its application potential in the finger joints and brain diseases the feasibility study of finger joints and brain diseases thermoacoustic imaging, opens up a new field of research on thermoacoustic imaging applications.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R737.9;R443

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