本文關(guān)鍵詞：乳腺非典型增生與乳腺癌患者危險(xiǎn)因素分析　出處：《昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 乳腺癌 非典型增生 危險(xiǎn)因素 乳腺腫瘤

【摘要】：乳腺癌目前已成為威脅女性健康與生命的最常見惡性腫瘤之一,但病因至今仍不明確,目前公認(rèn)的乳腺癌發(fā)病機(jī)制為“多階段發(fā)展模式學(xué)說”,即乳腺組織從正�！�-般增生→非典型增生→原位癌→浸潤癌,在某些因素作用下,可由量變至質(zhì)變,轉(zhuǎn)化為惡性腫瘤。非典型增生作為癌前病變是演變成為浸潤癌的必經(jīng)階段,在某些致病因素的持續(xù)作用下,可以從量變發(fā)生質(zhì)變,進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)化為惡性腫瘤,而在相反情況下,則能夠長期穩(wěn)定甚至發(fā)生可逆性變化,恢復(fù)至正常狀態(tài)。可見,癌前病變絕非全部必然轉(zhuǎn)化為癌,而只是較多可能性發(fā)展成為癌,是有條件的,因此對(duì)癌前病變即乳腺非典型增生階段采取干預(yù)治療手段,可以有效減少乳腺癌的發(fā)生率。深入開展乳腺非典型增生至乳腺癌的致病危險(xiǎn)因素的研究,是降低疾病發(fā)病率的有效途徑。國內(nèi)外大量的研究結(jié)果顯示乳腺癌死亡率的降低與普查發(fā)現(xiàn)大批早期癌顯著相關(guān),只要能早期診斷,得到及時(shí)正確的綜合治療,絕大多數(shù)患者能長期生存,甚至獲得治愈。因此能有效提高乳腺癌生存率和降低絕對(duì)死亡率的決定因素不完全在于治療手段,還應(yīng)包括早期發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可見,如何提高乳腺癌危險(xiǎn)預(yù)測(cè)水平及更早的發(fā)現(xiàn)早期癌,是乳腺癌防治的關(guān)鍵。目前國內(nèi)外多數(shù)大樣本的研究都旨在探討乳腺癌致病相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,尤其是在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的暴露強(qiáng)度和與刺激作用相關(guān)方面的研究較多,然而針對(duì)乳腺非典型增生與乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的相關(guān)性研究卻甚少。因此,有必要對(duì)該問題進(jìn)行分析。目的：針對(duì)特定人群的一般情況,如：年齡,月經(jīng)相關(guān)因素,流產(chǎn)頻次,活產(chǎn)次數(shù),煙酒史,高體重指數(shù),惡性腫瘤家族史等因素進(jìn)行深入研究,探討乳腺非典型增生與乳腺癌相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素,進(jìn)一步查找乳腺非典型增生進(jìn)展到乳腺癌過程中起關(guān)鍵作用的因素,并為乳腺癌的早期診斷和防御提供依據(jù)。方法：選取2013年1月-2014年10月期間收治在昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬甘美醫(yī)院乳腺科組織病理學(xué)診斷為乳腺非典型增生患者111例作為病例組,同期診斷為原發(fā)乳腺癌患者156例作為對(duì)照組,于病案室調(diào)取原始病歷資料,通過大量的參考文獻(xiàn),充分考慮可行性的指標(biāo),統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集。采用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),采用logistic回歸分析對(duì)乳腺非典型增生及乳腺癌相關(guān)高危因素進(jìn)行探討。從而得出乳腺非典型增生至乳腺癌的發(fā)病相關(guān)的危險(xiǎn)因素。為預(yù)防乳腺癌的發(fā)生提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。結(jié)果：年齡、初潮年齡、是否絕經(jīng)及流產(chǎn)均為乳腺非典型增生及乳腺癌的高危因素,特別是年齡、絕經(jīng)與否及流產(chǎn)次數(shù)這三個(gè)方面關(guān)系更為密切。結(jié)論：乳腺非典型增生至乳腺癌的發(fā)展與患者年齡、初潮年齡、是否絕經(jīng)及流產(chǎn)次數(shù)相關(guān),因此對(duì)其的預(yù)防應(yīng)在這些方面采取措施。
[Abstract]:At present, breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors threatening women's health and life, but the etiology is still unclear. That is, mammary tissue from normal. 鈫扜eneral hyperplasia. 鈫扐typical hyperplasia. 鈫扖arcinoma in situ. 鈫捍nvasive carcinoma can be transformed from quantitative to qualitative to malignant tumor under the action of some factors. Atypical hyperplasia as a precancerous lesion is the necessary stage to develop into invasive carcinoma, and under the continuous action of some pathogenic factors. It can be changed from quantitative change to malignant tumor, and on the contrary, it can be changed steadily and even reversely for a long time, then it can return to normal state. Precancerous lesion is not necessarily transformed into cancer, but it is only possible to develop into cancer, which is conditional. Therefore, intervention therapy is adopted to precancerous lesion, i.e. atypical hyperplasia of mammary gland. Can effectively reduce the incidence of breast cancer. In-depth study of breast atypical hyperplasia to breast cancer risk factors. It is an effective way to reduce the incidence of disease. A large number of domestic and foreign studies show that the reduction of breast cancer mortality is significantly related to a large number of early cancer, as long as early diagnosis, get timely and correct comprehensive treatment. The majority of patients can survive for a long time, or even be cured. Therefore, the determinants that can effectively increase survival rate and reduce absolute mortality of breast cancer are not only in treatment, but also in early detection. How to improve the level of breast cancer risk prediction and early detection of early cancer is the key to the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. At present, most of the domestic and foreign large samples of research aimed to explore the risk factors associated with breast cancer. Especially in the risk factors of exposure intensity and stimulation-related research, however, there are few studies on the relationship between breast atypical hyperplasia and risk factors of breast cancer. Objective: to analyze the general situation of a specific population, such as age, menstrual factors, abortion frequency, number of live births, alcohol and tobacco history, high body mass index. The family history of malignant tumor and other factors were studied to explore the risk factors of atypical hyperplasia and breast cancer, and to find out the factors that play a key role in the progression of atypical hyperplasia of breast to the process of breast cancer. Methods: to provide evidence for early diagnosis and prevention of breast cancer. From January 2013 to October 2014, 111 patients with atypical hyperplasia of mammary gland were selected as the case group, who were diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia of mammary gland in Department of mammary gland of Ganmei Hospital affiliated to Kunming Medical University. At the same time, 156 cases of primary breast cancer were diagnosed as control group. The original medical records were collected in the medical records room, and the feasible indexes were fully considered through a large number of references. Unified data collection. The use of SPSS19.0 statistical software for statistics. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the risk factors related to atypical hyperplasia of breast and breast cancer. The risk factors related to atypical hyperplasia of breast to breast cancer were obtained. Occurrence provides the scientific basis. Results:. Age. Age of menarche, menopause and abortion are high risk factors of atypical hyperplasia of breast and breast cancer, especially age. Conclusion: the development of breast atypical hyperplasia to breast cancer is related to patient age, menarche age, menopause and abortion frequency. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken in these areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R737.9

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