【摘要】：目的:采用彩色多普勒超聲心動(dòng)圖估測(cè)初入高原兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員肺動(dòng)脈收縮壓并測(cè)量心臟功能參數(shù),探討高原低氧暴露對(duì)兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員肺動(dòng)脈壓及心臟功能的影響。方法:以?xún)和嗌倌暧斡具\(yùn)動(dòng)員共33人為研究對(duì)象,平均年齡12.25±0.36歲。分別于高原前以及進(jìn)入高原(海拔2366米)12小時(shí)采用彩色多普勒超聲心動(dòng)圖估測(cè)肺動(dòng)脈收縮壓并測(cè)量心臟功能參數(shù)。彩超檢查日晨起,肘正中靜脈取血,測(cè)試血清內(nèi)皮素(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)。于進(jìn)入高原12小時(shí)進(jìn)行急性高山病(AMS)評(píng)分并完成高原肺水腫(HAPE)早期癥狀問(wèn)診。結(jié)果:(1)33名運(yùn)動(dòng)員均未出現(xiàn)HAPE的相應(yīng)癥狀;(2)初入高原兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員肺動(dòng)脈收縮壓(PASP)顯著高于高原前水平(20.32±3.71 vs 18.14±3.69 mm Hg,P0.05)且與年齡呈負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.26,P0.01),其最高值為29 mm Hg;(3)初入高原兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員SV下降,心率升高而CO升高。左心室Tei指數(shù)以及右心室Tei指數(shù)均未發(fā)生顯著變化(0.34±0.09 vs 0.32±0.06,P0.05;0.28±0.04 vs0.24±0.09,P0.05);(4)初入高原兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員血清ET-1顯著高于高原前水平(123.45±23.45 vs109.57±15.32 ng/l,P0.05),且與PASP正相關(guān)(r=0.3,P=0.035)。血清NO顯著低于高原前水平(120.78±32.55 vs 136.42±36.97μmol/l,P0.05),且與PASP負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.306,P=0.042)。結(jié)論:(1)海拔2366米高原可以引起兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員PASP升高,PASP升高與ET-1的釋放增加以及NO合成減少有關(guān),而PASP升高并未對(duì)心臟功能構(gòu)成影響;(2)海拔2366米高原兒童青少年游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員AMS以及HAPE的發(fā)生率較低。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate pulmonary artery systolic pressure and cardiac function parameters of newly entered juvenile swimmers by color Doppler echocardiography, and to explore the effect of hypoxia exposure at high altitude on pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac function of child and adolescent swimmers. Methods: a total of 33 young swimmers with an average age of 12.25 鹵0.36 years were studied. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure and cardiac function parameters were estimated by color Doppler echocardiography before plateau and 12 hours after entering altitude (2366 meters above sea level). Blood samples were taken from the median cubital vein from the morning after color Doppler ultrasound examination, and serum endothelin (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO). Were measured. The (AMS) score of acute high mountain disease and the early symptoms of (HAPE) in high altitude pulmonary edema were evaluated at 12 hours after entering the plateau. Results: (1) there was no corresponding symptom of HAPE in 33 athletes, and (2) the pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure (PASP) of newly entered high altitude children and adolescents was significantly higher than that of pre-altitude level (20.32 鹵3.71 vs 18.14 鹵3.69 mm Hg,P0.05) and negatively correlated with age (r 鈮，

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