【摘要】：目的： 調(diào)查國人橫突孔變異的發(fā)生率,并通過測量CT上橫突孔各徑線數(shù)據(jù),為頸椎前路手術(shù)提供參考。 方法： 收集2010年～2012年紹興縣中心醫(yī)院的門診和住院100例患者頸椎CT影像資料,其中男性53例,女性47例,年齡23～78歲,平均53.5歲,根據(jù)橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體外緣的關(guān)系將橫突孔分為三種類型：椎體外型(A)、中間型(B)和椎體內(nèi)型(C),并測量其C3-C6橫突孔橫徑(a)、矢狀徑(b)、橫突孔內(nèi)緣間距(e)、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體中線距離(d)、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體外緣之間的距離(c)以及橫突孔與椎管最短距離(f)6個參數(shù),比較橫突孔兩側(cè)及各椎體之間有無差別,分析測量的意義。 結(jié)果： (1)橫突孔椎體外型、中間型及椎體內(nèi)型分別占83.34%、16.37%、0.29%,其中有2個橫突孔明顯突入椎體。(2)橫突孔孔徑測量結(jié)果顯示左側(cè)橫徑為0.68±0.19cm、失狀徑為0.56±0.18cm、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體外緣距離為0.14+0.20cm、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體中線距離為1.30±0.28cm、橫突孔與椎管最短距離為0.48±0.18cm；右側(cè)橫徑為0.65±0.17cm、失狀徑為0.53±0.17cm、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體外緣距離為0.16±0.21cm、橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體中線距離為1.28±0.30cm、橫突孔與椎管最短距離為0.46±0.18cm；橫突孔內(nèi)緣間距為2.57±0.18cm。其中橫突孔內(nèi)緣與椎體外緣之間的距離有部分椎體由于邊緣不清晰無法測量,所測數(shù)據(jù)較少。(3)統(tǒng)計分析結(jié)果顯示同一椎體雙側(cè)橫突孔對比矢狀徑C4左側(cè)右側(cè)、C5左側(cè)右側(cè)；同側(cè)椎體橫突孔相互比較橫徑左側(cè)C5C3,右側(cè)C5C4、C6C4,失狀徑雙側(cè)均為C3C5、C3C6、C4C5、C4C6;橫突孔至中線距離、橫突孔至椎管最短距離及橫突孔內(nèi)緣間距雙側(cè)均為C3C5C6、C4C5C6,其差別均具有顯著性意義 結(jié)論： (1)除C3、C4之間差別不顯著外,C3～C6橫突孔間距及橫突孔與椎管最短距離自上而下逐漸增加。(2)極少數(shù)橫突孔內(nèi)緣可能越過椎體外緣至椎體內(nèi)；；(3)頸椎前路手術(shù)過程中術(shù)者應(yīng)仔細做好術(shù)前檢查,以避免術(shù)中的椎動脈損傷,并有助于指導(dǎo)手術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the incidence of variation of transverse process foramen in Chinese, and to provide reference for anterior cervical vertebra operation by measuring the diameter of superior transverse process foramen of CT. Methods: from 2010 to 2012, 100 CT images of cervical vertebrae in outpatients and inpatients of Shaoxing County Central Hospital were collected, including 53 males and 47 females, aged 2378 years (mean 53.5 years). According to the relationship between the inner edge of the transverse foramen and the outer edge of the vertebral body, the transverse foramen of the transverse process is divided into three types: the external type of vertebral body (A), intermediate type (B) and the intraspinal type of (C),. The transverse diameter of C3-C6 transverse process foramen (a), sagittal diameter (b), transverse process foramen inner margin spacing (e), transverse process foramen and the inner border of (e), transverse process foramen are measured. The distance between the midline of the vertebral body and the inner edge of the transverse process foramen of (d), and the outer edge of the vertebral body, (c), and the shortest distance between the transverse foramen and the spinal canal, six parameters, (f), were analyzed. To compare the differences between the two sides of the transverse foramen and the vertebrae, and to analyze the significance of measurement. Results: (1) the shape of transverse foramen vertebrae, (2) the diameter of the transverse process foramen was 0.68 鹵0.19 cm, the lost diameter was 0.56 鹵0.18 cm, the distance between the inner edge of the transverse process foramen and the outer edge of the vertebral body was 0.14 0.20 cm, and the inner margin of the transverse process foramen was 0.14 0.20 cm. The diameter of the transverse process foramen was 0.68 鹵0.19 cm, the lost diameter was 0.56 鹵0.18 cm, the distance between the inner edge of the transverse process foramen and the outer edge of the vertebral body was 0.14 0.20 cm. The midline distance was 1.30 鹵0.28 cm, and the shortest distance between transverse foramen and spinal canal was 0.48 鹵0.18 cm. The transverse diameter of the right side was 0.65 鹵0.17 cm, the lost diameter was 0.53 鹵0.17 cm, the distance between the inner edge of the transverse process foramen and the outer edge of the vertebral body was 0.16 鹵0.21 cm, the distance between the inner edge of the transverse process foramen and the middle line of the vertebral body was 1.28 鹵0.30 cm, the shortest distance between the transverse process foramen and the vertebral canal was 0.46 鹵0.18 cm, and the distance between the inner edge of the transverse process foramen and the inner edge of the transverse process foramen was 2.57 鹵0.18 cm. The distance between the inner edge of the transverse foramen and the outer edge of the vertebral body is part of the vertebral body can not be measured because the edge is not clear, the measured data are less. (3) the statistical analysis shows that the bilateral transverse process foramen of the same vertebral body contrast sagittal diameter C 4 left right side, right side C 5; The transverse foramen of the ipsilateral vertebral body was compared with that of the transverse process foramen. The transverse diameter of the ipsilateral vertebral body was compared with that of the left C5C3and the right C5C4C4C4C4C4C4C6. the distance between the transverse foramen and the midline of the transverse process foramen was the distance between the transverse foramen and the midline. The shortest distance from transverse process foramen to spinal canal and the distance between transverse process foramen and internal margin of transverse process foramen were both C3C5C6C4C5C6. The differences were significant. Conclusion: (1) there was no significant difference in the distance between transverse process foramen and transverse process foramen except C3C5C6C6C5C6. (1) there was no significant difference in the distance between transverse process foramen and transverse process foramen except C3C5C6. The shortest distance from the vertebral canal to the spinal canal increased gradually. (2) the inner edge of a few transverse process foramen may cross the outer edge of the vertebral body to the vertebral body; In order to avoid the injury of vertebral artery during anterior cervical surgery, the operative should carefully make the preoperative examination, and be helpful to guide the operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R687.3;R816.8

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