【摘要】：目的探討上海市浦東新區(qū)小學(xué)生傷害流行病學(xué)特征及其影響因素,為制定傷害的干預(yù)措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法采用隨機(jī)分層整群抽樣方法對(duì)上海市浦東新區(qū)6 093名小學(xué)生進(jìn)行傷害問卷調(diào)查,回顧過去1年內(nèi)傷害發(fā)生情況,分析其影響因素。結(jié)果小學(xué)生傷害發(fā)生率為22.99%;男生傷害報(bào)告發(fā)生率(24.86%)高于女生(21.03%),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=12.640,P0.05);不同年齡間傷害發(fā)生率及人次發(fā)生率差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2值分別為2.084,2.972,P值均0.05)。傷害類型主要是跌落、碰撞/擠壓傷、銳器傷傷害人次發(fā)生率分別為14.21%,7.41%,2.64%;傷害發(fā)生主要集中在5月和7—10月,占61.24%;家中、學(xué)校是傷害發(fā)生高發(fā)地點(diǎn),分別占34.84%,27.11%;受傷主要部位是下肢、手指/腳趾,分別占總傷害人次數(shù)的37.93%,21.11%。多因素非條件Logistic回歸分析顯示,獨(dú)生子女、在校內(nèi)與人打架1~2次或≥3次、家長(zhǎng)對(duì)孩子進(jìn)行體罰、家長(zhǎng)經(jīng)常與孩子議論傷害事件是傷害發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)因素(OR值分別為1.238,1.217,1.381,1.144,1.336,P值均0.01);家長(zhǎng)對(duì)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)適當(dāng)施加壓力、經(jīng)常囑咐孩子在學(xué)校里注意安全能有效預(yù)防傷害發(fā)生(OR值分別為0.609,0.764,P值均0.01)。結(jié)論浦東新區(qū)小學(xué)生傷害發(fā)生率高,應(yīng)針對(duì)跌落等傷害主要類型制定干預(yù)措施。父母對(duì)傷害問題的關(guān)注和對(duì)孩子進(jìn)行安全教育能有效預(yù)防傷害的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and the influencing factors of the injury of primary school students in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, and to provide the scientific basis for the intervention of the injury. Methods The random stratified cluster sampling was used to investigate the injury of 6,093 primary school students in Pudong New District of Shanghai. Results The incidence of injury in primary school students was 22.99%, and the incidence of injury of boys (24.86%) was higher than that of female (21.03%), and the difference was statistically significant (P ~ 2 = 12.640, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of injury and the rate of person-time (P-2, 2.084, 2.972, P <0.05, respectively). The incidence of injury was 14.21%, 7.41% and 2.64%, respectively. The incidence of injury was mainly in May and July, and was 61.24%. The incidence of injury in home and school was 34.84% and 27.11%, respectively. The main parts of the injury were lower limbs, fingers/ toes, accounting for 37.93% and 21.11% of the total number of injuries, respectively. The multi-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that only the only child, in the school, had a fight for 1 to 2 times or 3 times, and the parents used corporal punishment to the child, and the parents often talk about the injury event with the child as the risk factor (OR value of 1.238, 1.217, 1.381, 1.144, 1.336, P <0.01, respectively); Parents should apply pressure to the children's study, and often instruct the child to pay attention to the safety and effective prevention of injury in the school (OR value is 0.609, 0.764, P <0.01, respectively). Conclusion The incidence of injury of primary school students in Pudong New Area is high, and intervention measures should be developed for the main types of injury such as fall. The parents' attention to the problem of injury and the safety education of the child can effectively prevent the occurrence of injury.
【作者單位】： 上海市浦東新區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心/復(fù)旦大學(xué)浦東預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：上海市浦東新區(qū)衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)科技發(fā)展專項(xiàng)基金資助(PW2014A-5)
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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