【摘要】：室內(nèi)游泳池水的衛(wèi)生狀況關(guān)系到游泳群體的身體健康。為控制病原微生物對(duì)人群健康的影響,游泳池普遍采用氯化消毒進(jìn)行游泳池水處理。但在消毒過程中必然形成消毒副產(chǎn)物(Disinfection by products, DBPs)。由于現(xiàn)行的游泳池水衛(wèi)生管理中并沒有把DBPs作為監(jiān)管指標(biāo),因而,很少有研究關(guān)注游泳池水中消毒副產(chǎn)物的生成情況。游泳池水中的DBPs包括自來水加氯消毒過程中形成的的DBPs和游泳池水加氯消毒過程中形成的副產(chǎn)物。因此,游泳池水中的加氯消毒副產(chǎn)物比自來水中的加氯消毒副產(chǎn)物的種類更加復(fù)雜。加氯消毒是一種簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效的消毒方法,廣泛應(yīng)用于生活飲用水和游泳池水的消毒。隨著對(duì)DBPs有害效應(yīng)的認(rèn)識(shí)加強(qiáng),游泳池水中的DBPs有可能納入游泳池水質(zhì)監(jiān)管指標(biāo)。因此,研究游泳池水中主要DBPs的含量水平對(duì)未來制定相應(yīng)的衛(wèi)生監(jiān)管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)具有重要意義。與飲用水加氯消毒產(chǎn)生的DBPs種類類似,盡管游泳池DBPs種類繁多,但游泳池水中主要的DBPs仍為三鹵甲烷類DBPs(氯仿、二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、溴仿)和鹵乙酸類DBPs(三氯乙酸、三溴乙酸、一溴二氯乙酸、二溴乙酸、二溴一氯乙酸、一溴乙酸、溴氯乙酸、一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸)。鑒于目前尚無游泳池水中THM4和HAA9等DBPs的檢測(cè)方法,因此,本研究探討了游泳池水中揮發(fā)性消毒副產(chǎn)物THM4和非揮發(fā)性消毒副產(chǎn)物HAA9的檢測(cè)方法,并實(shí)測(cè)了室內(nèi)游泳池水中THM4和HAA9的含量水平。結(jié)果表明所建立方法的檢測(cè)限低、靈敏度高,可以用于游泳池水中THM4和HAA9的檢測(cè)。室內(nèi)游泳池水中的THM4類消毒副產(chǎn)物以三氯甲烷為主,表明氯系消毒副產(chǎn)物是主要的消毒副產(chǎn)物。HAA9則以以一溴一氯乙酸為主。室內(nèi)游泳池水中的三氯甲烷和一溴一氯乙酸含量遠(yuǎn)高于游泳池的供水水源自來水中的含量水平,也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過生活飲用水中該類消毒副產(chǎn)物的限量值,提示游泳池水中消毒副產(chǎn)物對(duì)人群的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不容忽視,應(yīng)盡早建立游泳池水中消毒副產(chǎn)物的限量值,以最大限度地保障人群健康。
[Abstract]:The sanitation of indoor swimming pool water is related to the health of swimming groups. In order to control the influence of pathogenic microorganisms on population health, chlorination disinfection was widely used in swimming pool water treatment. However, (Disinfection by products, DBPs)., a disinfection by-product, must be formed in the process of disinfection. Because DBPs is not used as a regulatory index in the current swimming pool water hygiene management, few studies pay attention to the formation of disinfection by-products in swimming pool water. The DBPs in swimming pool water includes DBPs formed in the process of chlorination disinfection of tap water and by-products formed in the process of chlorination disinfection of swimming pool water. Therefore, the kinds of chlorination disinfection by-products in swimming pool water are more complex than those in tap water. Chlorination disinfection is a simple, economical and effective disinfection method, which is widely used in disinfection of drinking water and swimming pool water. With the increasing understanding of the harmful effects of DBPs, DBPs in swimming pool water may be included in swimming pool water quality supervision index. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the content of DBPs in swimming pool water for the formulation of corresponding hygiene supervision standards in the future. Similar to the types of DBPs produced by chlorination of drinking water, the main DBPs in swimming pool water is trihalomethane DBPs (chloroform, dichlorodibromomethane, bromoform) and haloacetic acid DBPs (trichloroacetic acid, tribromoacetic acid, monobromodichloroacetic acid, dibromomonoacetic acid, bromochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid). In view of the fact that there are no methods for the detection of DBPs such as THM4 and HAA9 in swimming pool water, the detection methods of volatile disinfection by-product THM4 and non-volatile disinfection by-product HAA9 in swimming pool water are discussed, and the contents of THM4 and HAA9 in indoor swimming pool water are measured. The results show that the proposed method has low detection limit and high sensitivity, and can be used for the detection of THM4 and HAA9 in swimming pool water. Trichloromethane is the main by-product of THM4 disinfection in indoor swimming pool water, which indicates that chlorine disinfection by-product is the main disinfection by-product, while HAA9 is dominated by monobromomonochloroacetic acid. The content of trichloromethane and monobromochloroacetic acid in indoor swimming pool water is much higher than that in tap water of swimming pool water supply source, and it also far exceeds the limit value of this kind of disinfection by-product in domestic drinking water. It is suggested that the health risk of disinfection by-product in swimming pool water can not be ignored. The limit value of disinfection by-product in swimming pool water should be established as soon as possible in order to protect the health of the population to the maximum extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R126.4

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