合肥市水源與飲用水中增塑劑污染調(diào)查和健康風(fēng)險評價
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-02 23:23
【摘要】：目的調(diào)查合肥市水源與飲用水中雙酚類（BPs）和鄰苯二甲酸酯類（PAEs）增塑劑污染特征，評估對人體潛在健康風(fēng)險。 方法⑴通過摸索最佳固相萃取和色譜質(zhì)譜條件，分別建立固相萃取-超高液相色譜/串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜（SPE-UPLC/MS/MS）法測定水中3種BPs和固相萃取-氣相色譜/質(zhì)譜（SPE-GC/MS）法測定水中7種PAEs；⑵于平水期、豐水期和枯水期對合肥市第三、六水廠水源水、出廠水及末梢水中BPs和PAEs進(jìn)行為期一年的監(jiān)測；⑶根據(jù)檢測 結(jié)果，利用美國環(huán)境保護(hù)署（US EPA）推薦的水環(huán)境健康風(fēng)險評價模型，從飲水途徑對不同性別人群致癌和非致癌風(fēng)險進(jìn)行定量評估。結(jié)果⑴研究建立了水中3種BPs的SPE-UPLC/MS/MS測定法以及水中7種PAEs的SPE-GC/MS測定法，方法分別在1.0～100.0μg/L和0.01～10.0mg/L濃度范圍內(nèi)具有良好的線性關(guān)系，其相關(guān)系數(shù)均大于0.9985,方法最低檢測質(zhì)量濃度BPs為0.75～1.00ng/L、PAEs為1.50～9.40ng/L,回收率分別為87.0～106.9%和85.2～114.2%,RSD分別為1.6～3.7%和1.7～4.2%；⑵水源與飲用水中均有6種增塑劑檢出，為雙酚A（BPA）、鄰苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、鄰苯二甲酸二異丁酯（DIBP）、鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)和鄰苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)。三、六水廠水源與飲用水中BPA和PAEs含量分別為水源水8.57～15.70ng/L、2.73～8.14μg/L,出廠水nd～2.74ng/L、1.91～5.06μg/L和末梢水1.03～3.01ng/L、2.04～6.59μg/L，均未超過國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值；⑶水源與飲用水中主要污染物均為DEHP和DIBP，平均貢獻(xiàn)率分別為三水廠45.69%和29.36%，六水廠為44.23%和31.04%；⑷BPs和PAEs污染種類三水期未見明顯變化，BPA和∑PAEs污染水平呈水期分布特征，BPA含量為枯水期＞平水期＞豐水期，∑PAEs濃度呈豐水期枯水期平水期；⑸三水廠、六水廠不同凈水工藝（分別為常規(guī)和預(yù)氧化強化常規(guī)凈水工藝）對飲用水中增塑劑的總?cè)コ史謩e為42.53%和44.96%。其中，三水廠對BPA的去除率高于六水廠，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）；⑹三水廠末梢水中BPA、DBP和DEHP較出廠水含量有所增加，增幅分別為66.22%、16.26%和5.96%，其中BPA和DBP含量隨管網(wǎng)距離增加略有升高。六水廠末梢水中各檢出目標(biāo)物較其出廠水含量均有增高，，以DBP、DEHP和BPA為主，增幅分別為63.29%、18.09%和9.83%，且濃度隨管網(wǎng)距離增加而升高；⑺水源水和飲用水中BPA和PAEs所致的致癌風(fēng)險在10~(-7)～10~(-5)級，非致癌風(fēng)險在10-3級；⑻DEHP為致癌風(fēng)險和非致癌風(fēng)險主要污染物，平均貢獻(xiàn)率100%和93.11%；⑼出廠水致癌風(fēng)險和非致癌風(fēng)險較水源水有所降低，平均降幅分別為三水廠30.19%和23.35%，六水廠36.16%和29.00%；⑽三、六水廠末梢水致癌風(fēng)險和非致癌風(fēng)險略高于出廠水，平均增幅分別為6.10%和18.40%，非致癌風(fēng)險平均增幅為6.46%和17.74%。 結(jié)論⑴合肥市水源及飲用水已不同程度地受到BPs和PAEs類增塑劑的污染，主要污染物為DEHP和DIBP，檢出濃度均未超過國家現(xiàn)行水源水和生活飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值；⑵現(xiàn)有的常規(guī)和預(yù)氧化強化常規(guī)凈水工藝對BPA和PAEs類增塑劑的去除作用有限，建議開展針對BPA和PAEs類增塑劑凈水新工藝新技術(shù)的研究；⑶初步評價水源和飲用水中BPs和PAEs類增塑劑所致人群致癌和非致癌風(fēng)險均在可接受水平，不會對成人產(chǎn)生明顯的健康危害；⑷減少或消除水源地保護(hù)區(qū)工業(yè)廢水及生活污水的排放和污染，降低飲用水中DEHP等增塑劑污染的潛在風(fēng)險。
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics of double phenols (BPs) and phthalates (PAEs) in the water source and drinking water of Hefei city, and to evaluate the potential health risk of the human body. Methods: Three kinds of BPs and solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/ MS) in water were determined by solid-phase extraction-ultra-high liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS), and 7 kinds of PAEs in water were determined by SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS. The water source, water, water and peripheral water BPs and PAEs of the third and sixth water plants in Hefei are monitored for one year in the period of period, high water period and dry season, and the water source water, the delivery water and the peripheral water of the third and sixth water works in Hefei are monitored for one The results of the test, using the water environment health risk assessment recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Price model, to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of different sex people from the drinking water route The results are as follows: The SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS method for three kinds of BPs in water and SPE-GC/ MS method for seven kinds of PAEs in water are established. The method has a good linear relationship in the range of 1.0-100.0 & mu; g/ L and 0.01-10.0 mg/ L, the correlation coefficient of which is greater than 0.9985, the lowest detection mass concentration of the method is 0.75-1.00 ng/ L, and the PAEs is 1.50-9.40n. The recoveries were 87.0-106.9% and 85.2-114.2%, RSD were 1.6-3.7% and 1.7-4.2%, respectively. Six kinds of plasticizers were detected in water and drinking water, which were bisphenol A (BPA), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DI). BP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (D The content of BPA and PAEs in water source and drinking water of water works is 8.57-15.70 ng/ L, 2.73-8.14 & mu; g/ L, nd ~ 2.74ng/ L, 1.91-5.06 & mu; g/ L and 1.03-3.01ng/ L, 2.04-6.59 & mu; g/ L, all of which do not exceed the national standard limit; the main pollutants in the water source and drinking water are DEHP and D. The average contribution rate of the IBP and PAEs is 45.69% and 29.36% of the three waterworks, 44.23% and 31.04% in the six waterworks, and the pollution level of the BPs and PAEs is not changed obviously. The pollution level of the BPA and the PAEs is characterized by the water season, and the content of the BPA is in the dry season. The total removal rate of plasticizer in drinking water was 42.53% and 44, respectively. The removal rate of BPA, DBP and DEHP in the peripheral water of the three waterworks increased by 66.22%, 16.26% and 5.96%, respectively, and the content of BPA and DBP increased slightly with the distance of the pipe network. There was an increase in the water content of each of the detection targets in the peripheral water of the six waterworks, mainly including DBP, DEHP and BPA, with an increase of 63.29%, 18.09% and 9.83%, respectively, and the concentration increased with the increase of the distance of the pipe network. The carcinogenic risk caused by BPA and PAEs in the water and drinking water of the water source was 10 ~ (-7) ~ 10 ~ (-). 5) The non-carcinogenic risk is at the level of 10-3; the average contribution rate is 100% and 93.11% of the main pollutants of the cancer risk and the non-cancer risk, and the average decrease is 30.19% and 23.35% of the three water plants, 36.16% and 29.00% of the water works, respectively. The cancer risk and non-carcinogenic risk of peripheral water in the third and sixth waterworks were slightly higher than that of the ex-factory water, with an average increase of 6.10% and 18.40%, and the average increase of non-carcinogenic risk was 6.46% and 17. Conclusion The water source and drinking water in Hefei City have been polluted by BPs and PAEs, and the main pollutants are DEHP and DIBP, and the detected concentration is not more than that of the water and domestic drinking water in the country. The existing conventional and pre-oxidation enhanced conventional water purification process has limited effect on the removal of BPA and PAEs, and it is suggested to carry out a new process of water purification for BPA and PAEs. Study of the technology; the risk of cancer and non-cancer caused by the BPs and PAEs in the water source and the drinking water in the preliminary evaluation is at an acceptable level, and no obvious health hazard is generated for the adult; and the waste water and domestic sewage in the protected area of the water source area can be reduced or eliminated. discharge and pollution, and reduce the pollution of the plasticizer such as DEHP in the drinking wate
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R123.5
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics of double phenols (BPs) and phthalates (PAEs) in the water source and drinking water of Hefei city, and to evaluate the potential health risk of the human body. Methods: Three kinds of BPs and solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/ MS) in water were determined by solid-phase extraction-ultra-high liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS), and 7 kinds of PAEs in water were determined by SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS. The water source, water, water and peripheral water BPs and PAEs of the third and sixth water plants in Hefei are monitored for one year in the period of period, high water period and dry season, and the water source water, the delivery water and the peripheral water of the third and sixth water works in Hefei are monitored for one The results of the test, using the water environment health risk assessment recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Price model, to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of different sex people from the drinking water route The results are as follows: The SPE-UPLC/ MS/ MS method for three kinds of BPs in water and SPE-GC/ MS method for seven kinds of PAEs in water are established. The method has a good linear relationship in the range of 1.0-100.0 & mu; g/ L and 0.01-10.0 mg/ L, the correlation coefficient of which is greater than 0.9985, the lowest detection mass concentration of the method is 0.75-1.00 ng/ L, and the PAEs is 1.50-9.40n. The recoveries were 87.0-106.9% and 85.2-114.2%, RSD were 1.6-3.7% and 1.7-4.2%, respectively. Six kinds of plasticizers were detected in water and drinking water, which were bisphenol A (BPA), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DI). BP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (D The content of BPA and PAEs in water source and drinking water of water works is 8.57-15.70 ng/ L, 2.73-8.14 & mu; g/ L, nd ~ 2.74ng/ L, 1.91-5.06 & mu; g/ L and 1.03-3.01ng/ L, 2.04-6.59 & mu; g/ L, all of which do not exceed the national standard limit; the main pollutants in the water source and drinking water are DEHP and D. The average contribution rate of the IBP and PAEs is 45.69% and 29.36% of the three waterworks, 44.23% and 31.04% in the six waterworks, and the pollution level of the BPs and PAEs is not changed obviously. The pollution level of the BPA and the PAEs is characterized by the water season, and the content of the BPA is in the dry season. The total removal rate of plasticizer in drinking water was 42.53% and 44, respectively. The removal rate of BPA, DBP and DEHP in the peripheral water of the three waterworks increased by 66.22%, 16.26% and 5.96%, respectively, and the content of BPA and DBP increased slightly with the distance of the pipe network. There was an increase in the water content of each of the detection targets in the peripheral water of the six waterworks, mainly including DBP, DEHP and BPA, with an increase of 63.29%, 18.09% and 9.83%, respectively, and the concentration increased with the increase of the distance of the pipe network. The carcinogenic risk caused by BPA and PAEs in the water and drinking water of the water source was 10 ~ (-7) ~ 10 ~ (-). 5) The non-carcinogenic risk is at the level of 10-3; the average contribution rate is 100% and 93.11% of the main pollutants of the cancer risk and the non-cancer risk, and the average decrease is 30.19% and 23.35% of the three water plants, 36.16% and 29.00% of the water works, respectively. The cancer risk and non-carcinogenic risk of peripheral water in the third and sixth waterworks were slightly higher than that of the ex-factory water, with an average increase of 6.10% and 18.40%, and the average increase of non-carcinogenic risk was 6.46% and 17. Conclusion The water source and drinking water in Hefei City have been polluted by BPs and PAEs, and the main pollutants are DEHP and DIBP, and the detected concentration is not more than that of the water and domestic drinking water in the country. The existing conventional and pre-oxidation enhanced conventional water purification process has limited effect on the removal of BPA and PAEs, and it is suggested to carry out a new process of water purification for BPA and PAEs. Study of the technology; the risk of cancer and non-cancer caused by the BPs and PAEs in the water source and the drinking water in the preliminary evaluation is at an acceptable level, and no obvious health hazard is generated for the adult; and the waste water and domestic sewage in the protected area of the water source area can be reduced or eliminated. discharge and pollution, and reduce the pollution of the plasticizer such as DEHP in the drinking wate
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R123.5
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