【摘要】：本文以花臉香蘑(L.sordida)、紫丁香蘑(L.nuda)、白香蘑(L.caespitosa)和灰褐香蘑(L.luscina)子實體為研究對象,分析子實體蛋白質(zhì)含量、氨基酸組成,對這四種野生香蘑子實體的營養(yǎng)價值和生物學活性做一個對比分析與評價。研究子實體水提物的抗氧化作用以及這四種香蘑對小鼠肝臟的影響來探究這四種香蘑的抗氧化特性和對小鼠體內(nèi)免疫功能的影響。研究內(nèi)容如下:1.通過微量凱氏定氮法測定這四種野生香蘑的子實體的粗蛋白含量,以及這四種野生香蘑的氨基酸含量,通過化學評分法(Chemical Score,CS),以及氨基酸評分(Amino AcidScore,AAS),對這四種香蘑的子實體進行營養(yǎng)學評價。結(jié)果表明,這四種香蘑所含氨基酸種類完全,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸總量(E/T)分別為40%、40.34%、41.01%和41.18%。必需氨基酸與非必需氨基酸比值(E/N)為66.67%和63.45%、64.87%和74.04%,均達到了WHO/FAO提出的E/T在40%、E/N值應在60%以上的要求。2.通過測定花臉香蘑、紫丁香蘑、白香蘑、灰褐香蘑子實體水提物的總還原能力,清除二苯基苦味酰基苯肼自由基(·DPPH)能力、清除羥自由基(·OH)的能力以及清除超氧陰離子自由基(·OH)能力,對這四種野生香蘑的體外抗氧化活性進行評價分析。結(jié)果表明:花臉香蘑、紫丁香蘑、白香蘑、灰褐香蘑子實體的水提物對二苯基苦味酰基苯肼自由基(·DPPH)和羥自由基(·OH)的清除作用較為顯著,并且在一定范圍內(nèi)清除能力與多糖含量呈劑量關(guān)系,對·DPPH的清除率依次達到73.9%、59.2%、80.7%和82.8%;對·OH的清除率分別達到了92.5%、95.7%、83.6%和94.4%。而且,這四種真菌子實體提取物對超氧陰離子亦有一定的清除作用。3.通過對小鼠進行灌胃四種香蘑的提取物,測定小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)含量的變化,探究四種野生香蘑提取物在小鼠體內(nèi)的抗氧化作用。結(jié)果表明:四種香蘑提取物在劑量為(200mg/kg·d)時,可以提高小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶SOD的活力,與空白對照組相比,灰褐香蘑組小鼠血清中SOD的活力有顯著性差異(P0.05)。4.根據(jù)小鼠血清中GPT、GOT含量的變化來判斷四種香蘑對小鼠肝臟是否有損傷。結(jié)果表明:花臉香蘑組、紫丁香蘑組以及灰褐香蘑組小鼠血清中GOT的含量比對照組小鼠低,白香蘑組小鼠血清中GOT含量比對照組略高,并且測定值都有在正常范圍內(nèi)。四種香蘑組中小鼠血清中GPT的含量與對照組小鼠相近,由此可知,四種香蘑為對小鼠肝臟無損傷作用。5.通過采用熒光定量PCR的方法,測定四種香蘑對小鼠肝臟細胞中IL-1α,IL-1β表達量的變化,研究這四種香蘑對小鼠免疫系統(tǒng)的影響。結(jié)果表明:四種香蘑對小鼠肝臟細胞中IL-1α,IL-1β的表達無明顯影響,可知,四種香蘑對小鼠的肝臟無損傷作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the fruiting bodies of L.sordida, L.nuda, L.caespitosa and L.luscina were studied to analyze the protein content and amino acid composition of fruiting bodies. The nutritional value and biological activity of these four kinds of wild mushroom fruiting bodies were compared and evaluated. The antioxidant effect of water extract from fruiting body and the effect of these four kinds of Tricholoma matsutake on the liver of mice were studied to explore the antioxidant characteristics of these four kinds of Tricholoma matsutake and their effects on immune function in mice. The contents of the study are as follows: 1. The crude protein content of the fruiting bodies of the four wild Tricholoma matsutake and the amino acid content of the four kinds of wild Tricholoma matsutake were determined by Kjeldahl method. The chemical score (Chemical Score,CS) and amino acid score (Amino AcidScore,AAS) were used to determine the crude protein content of the fruiting bodies and the amino acid content of the four kinds of wild mushroom. The nutritional evaluation of the fruiting bodies of these four species of Tricholoma matsutake was carried out. The results showed that the four kinds of amino acids contained complete amino acids, and the essential amino acids accounted for 40%, 40.34%, 41.01% and 41.18% of the total amino acids (E 鈮，

本文編號：2479494