【摘要】：本文以花臉香蘑(L.sordida)、紫丁香蘑(L.nuda)、白香蘑(L.caespitosa)和灰褐香蘑(L.luscina)子實(shí)體為研究對(duì)象,分析子實(shí)體蛋白質(zhì)含量、氨基酸組成,對(duì)這四種野生香蘑子實(shí)體的營養(yǎng)價(jià)值和生物學(xué)活性做一個(gè)對(duì)比分析與評(píng)價(jià)。研究子實(shí)體水提物的抗氧化作用以及這四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠肝臟的影響來探究這四種香蘑的抗氧化特性和對(duì)小鼠體內(nèi)免疫功能的影響。研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.通過微量凱氏定氮法測(cè)定這四種野生香蘑的子實(shí)體的粗蛋白含量,以及這四種野生香蘑的氨基酸含量,通過化學(xué)評(píng)分法(Chemical Score,CS),以及氨基酸評(píng)分(Amino AcidScore,AAS),對(duì)這四種香蘑的子實(shí)體進(jìn)行營養(yǎng)學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明,這四種香蘑所含氨基酸種類完全,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸總量(E/T)分別為40%、40.34%、41.01%和41.18%。必需氨基酸與非必需氨基酸比值(E/N)為66.67%和63.45%、64.87%和74.04%,均達(dá)到了WHO/FAO提出的E/T在40%、E/N值應(yīng)在60%以上的要求。2.通過測(cè)定花臉香蘑、紫丁香蘑、白香蘑、灰褐香蘑子實(shí)體水提物的總還原能力,清除二苯基苦味�；诫伦杂苫�(·DPPH)能力、清除羥自由基(·OH)的能力以及清除超氧陰離子自由基(·OH)能力,對(duì)這四種野生香蘑的體外抗氧化活性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析。結(jié)果表明:花臉香蘑、紫丁香蘑、白香蘑、灰褐香蘑子實(shí)體的水提物對(duì)二苯基苦味�；诫伦杂苫�(·DPPH)和羥自由基(·OH)的清除作用較為顯著,并且在一定范圍內(nèi)清除能力與多糖含量呈劑量關(guān)系,對(duì)·DPPH的清除率依次達(dá)到73.9%、59.2%、80.7%和82.8%;對(duì)·OH的清除率分別達(dá)到了92.5%、95.7%、83.6%和94.4%。而且,這四種真菌子實(shí)體提取物對(duì)超氧陰離子亦有一定的清除作用。3.通過對(duì)小鼠進(jìn)行灌胃四種香蘑的提取物,測(cè)定小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)含量的變化,探究四種野生香蘑提取物在小鼠體內(nèi)的抗氧化作用。結(jié)果表明:四種香蘑提取物在劑量為(200mg/kg·d)時(shí),可以提高小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶SOD的活力,與空白對(duì)照組相比,灰褐香蘑組小鼠血清中SOD的活力有顯著性差異(P0.05)。4.根據(jù)小鼠血清中GPT、GOT含量的變化來判斷四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠肝臟是否有損傷。結(jié)果表明:花臉香蘑組、紫丁香蘑組以及灰褐香蘑組小鼠血清中GOT的含量比對(duì)照組小鼠低,白香蘑組小鼠血清中GOT含量比對(duì)照組略高,并且測(cè)定值都有在正常范圍內(nèi)。四種香蘑組中小鼠血清中GPT的含量與對(duì)照組小鼠相近,由此可知,四種香蘑為對(duì)小鼠肝臟無損傷作用。5.通過采用熒光定量PCR的方法,測(cè)定四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠肝臟細(xì)胞中IL-1α,IL-1β表達(dá)量的變化,研究這四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠免疫系統(tǒng)的影響。結(jié)果表明:四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠肝臟細(xì)胞中IL-1α,IL-1β的表達(dá)無明顯影響,可知,四種香蘑對(duì)小鼠的肝臟無損傷作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the fruiting bodies of L.sordida, L.nuda, L.caespitosa and L.luscina were studied to analyze the protein content and amino acid composition of fruiting bodies. The nutritional value and biological activity of these four kinds of wild mushroom fruiting bodies were compared and evaluated. The antioxidant effect of water extract from fruiting body and the effect of these four kinds of Tricholoma matsutake on the liver of mice were studied to explore the antioxidant characteristics of these four kinds of Tricholoma matsutake and their effects on immune function in mice. The contents of the study are as follows: 1. The crude protein content of the fruiting bodies of the four wild Tricholoma matsutake and the amino acid content of the four kinds of wild Tricholoma matsutake were determined by Kjeldahl method. The chemical score (Chemical Score,CS) and amino acid score (Amino AcidScore,AAS) were used to determine the crude protein content of the fruiting bodies and the amino acid content of the four kinds of wild mushroom. The nutritional evaluation of the fruiting bodies of these four species of Tricholoma matsutake was carried out. The results showed that the four kinds of amino acids contained complete amino acids, and the essential amino acids accounted for 40%, 40.34%, 41.01% and 41.18% of the total amino acids (E 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2479494