【摘要】：目的 為規(guī)范氯氣在生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)輸、儲(chǔ)存、使用等過(guò)程，預(yù)防其中對(duì)勞動(dòng)者產(chǎn)生危害，，減少惡性事故的發(fā)生，制定《氯氣職業(yè)危害防護(hù)導(dǎo)則》。 方法 1、文獻(xiàn)查閱通過(guò)查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)法律法規(guī)及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)有關(guān)法律法規(guī)及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)資料進(jìn)行分析，整合，系統(tǒng)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)氯氣職業(yè)中毒案例。 2、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研選擇具有代表性的企業(yè)：湖北楚源化工股份有限公司、湖北宜化化工股份有限公司進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)衛(wèi)生學(xué)調(diào)查，并通過(guò)與安全技術(shù)人員和氯氣作業(yè)人員進(jìn)行座談和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)地調(diào)查，了解中毒發(fā)生的主要原因及預(yù)防措施。 結(jié)果 1、通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國(guó)目前雖有大量涉氯的行業(yè)或國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但規(guī)定內(nèi)容較片面，有的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之間存在交叉，均不能完整、系統(tǒng)地為整個(gè)涉氯行業(yè)提供防護(hù)規(guī)范。 2、通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研，發(fā)現(xiàn)主要存在以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：①液氯灌存在生銹現(xiàn)象；②洗眼器設(shè)置簡(jiǎn)陋，且位置不合理；③個(gè)體防護(hù)裝備不規(guī)范，擺放位置不合理；④液氯罐擺放不符合規(guī)范；⑤沒(méi)有完整的應(yīng)急規(guī)范。 3、結(jié)合相關(guān)法律法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及文獻(xiàn)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研結(jié)果制定了《氯氣職業(yè)危害防護(hù)導(dǎo)則》。 結(jié)論 通過(guò)制定《氯氣職業(yè)危害防護(hù)導(dǎo)則》，規(guī)范職業(yè)活動(dòng)中氯氣職業(yè)危害的預(yù)防與控制措施，提高液氯生產(chǎn)與使用企業(yè)的事故預(yù)防能力和氯氣泄漏突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對(duì)能力，為衛(wèi)生、安監(jiān)、消防等部門(mén)提供日常管理及執(zhí)法依據(jù)。同時(shí)對(duì)衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急救援中醫(yī)療設(shè)備與人員行動(dòng)要求等提供參考規(guī)范。
[Abstract]:Objective in order to standardize the process of production, transportation, storage and use of chlorine gas, to prevent the harm to workers, to reduce the occurrence of malignant accidents, and to formulate the guidelines for the Protection of Occupational hazards of chlorine Gas. Methods 1. Through consulting the relevant laws and regulations and standards at home and abroad, the relevant laws, regulations and standards were analyzed, integrated, and the cases of occupational chlorine poisoning at home and abroad were systematically analyzed. 2. On-site investigation and selection of representative enterprises: Hubei Chuyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., Hubei Yihua Chemical Co., Ltd., to carry out on-site investigation and field labor hygiene investigation, Through discussions with safety technicians and chlorine operators and field investigation, the main causes of poisoning and preventive measures were understood. Results 1. Through literature investigation, it is found that although there are a large number of chlorine-related industries or national standards in China at present, the contents of the regulations are one-sided, some standards and standards are intersected, and all of them can not be complete. Systematically provide protective specifications for the whole chlorine-related industry. 2. Through the field investigation, it is found that there are the following problems: (1) the rust phenomenon exists in liquid chlorine irrigation, (2) the setting of eye washers is simple and the position is unreasonable, (3) the individual protective equipment is not standardized and the position is unreasonable. 4 liquid chlorine tank placement does not conform to the specification; 5 there is no complete emergency code. 3.According to the relevant laws, regulations, standards, literature and field investigation results, the guidelines for occupational hazard protection of chlorine gas have been worked out. Conclusion by formulating the guidelines for the Protection of chlorine Occupational hazards, the prevention and control measures of chlorine occupational hazards in occupational activities are standardized, and the accident prevention ability of liquid chlorine production and use enterprises and the ability to deal with chlorine leakage emergencies are improved. Provide daily management and law enforcement basis for health, safety supervision, fire control and other departments. At the same time, it provides reference norms for medical equipment and personnel action requirements in health emergency rescue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R13

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