淮河流域某地區(qū)淺地下水遺傳毒性監(jiān)測
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-04 17:19
【摘要】：目的：通過SOS/umu實(shí)驗(yàn)、彗星實(shí)驗(yàn)和人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞微核實(shí)驗(yàn)的聯(lián)合應(yīng)用，對監(jiān)測地區(qū)淺層地下水、深層地下水以及地表水的遺傳毒性進(jìn)行檢測，同時(shí)將遺傳毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駩盒阅[瘤死亡資料做相關(guān)分析，掌握該監(jiān)測地區(qū)地下水的綜合遺傳毒性情況以及污染現(xiàn)狀，探索其地下水污染與淮河流域水質(zhì)污染是否有一定關(guān)系，以及水環(huán)境污染與腫瘤高發(fā)的關(guān)系。 方法：在納入淮河流域癌癥綜合防治的15區(qū)縣范圍內(nèi)，選擇中下游某地區(qū)為監(jiān)測地區(qū)。在該區(qū)域內(nèi)選擇四個(gè)監(jiān)測鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和一個(gè)對照鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，進(jìn)行淺層地下水、深層地下水和地表水水樣采集。通過固相萃取技術(shù)進(jìn)行有機(jī)物富集。再將有機(jī)物提取物分別進(jìn)行SOS/umu實(shí)驗(yàn)、彗星實(shí)驗(yàn)和人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞微核實(shí)驗(yàn)，對其致突變性、DNA損傷和致染色體損傷效應(yīng)進(jìn)行檢測。最后將實(shí)驗(yàn)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)與當(dāng)?shù)丶部刂行奶峁┑膼盒阅[瘤死亡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析。 結(jié)果：在監(jiān)測地區(qū)選擇Z鎮(zhèn)、K鎮(zhèn)、L鎮(zhèn)、和M鎮(zhèn)為監(jiān)測鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，R鎮(zhèn)為對照鎮(zhèn)。五個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)共設(shè)置采樣點(diǎn)位63個(gè)，并選擇其中3個(gè)點(diǎn)位采集雙份樣品作為質(zhì)量控制樣品。66份水樣中包括淺層地下水（分散式供水）47份，深層地下水（集中式供水）5份，地表水11份，3份質(zhì)控樣品均為分散式供水樣品。1、SOS/umu實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，不加S9時(shí)Z鎮(zhèn)、L鎮(zhèn)和R鎮(zhèn)0.5L致突變陽性，0.25L僅L鎮(zhèn)致突變陽性。且L鎮(zhèn)兩個(gè)濃度水樣的IR值均顯著高于對照區(qū)（p0.05）。加S9時(shí)K鎮(zhèn)、L鎮(zhèn)和R鎮(zhèn)0.5L淺層地下水致突變陽性。0.25L僅L鎮(zhèn)致突變陽性。并且L鎮(zhèn)兩個(gè)濃度水樣IR均顯著高于對照區(qū)（p0.05）。五鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水IR值和居民癌癥死亡率無相關(guān)關(guān)系（p0.05）。2、彗星實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示， Z鎮(zhèn)和M鎮(zhèn)OTM值顯著高于對照區(qū)R鎮(zhèn)（p0.05），而K鎮(zhèn)和L鎮(zhèn)與R鎮(zhèn)之間差異無顯著性（p0.05）。五鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水樣體積為2L、1L和0.5L時(shí)的OTM值與居民癌癥死亡率呈顯著正相關(guān)（p0.05），R~2分別為0.267，0.342和0.223。3、微核實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示，， K鎮(zhèn)和M鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水微核率顯著高于對照區(qū)（p0.05）。Z鎮(zhèn)和L鎮(zhèn)呈現(xiàn)輕度污染，K鎮(zhèn)和M鎮(zhèn)呈現(xiàn)出中度污染。這五個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水微核率和居民總癌癥死亡率呈顯著正相關(guān)（p0.01），R~2為0.306。 結(jié)論： Z鎮(zhèn)、K鎮(zhèn)、L鎮(zhèn)和M鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水遺傳毒性顯著高于對照鎮(zhèn)R鎮(zhèn)，其遺傳毒性包括致突變性、DNA損傷和染色體損傷均存在。Z鎮(zhèn)、K鎮(zhèn)、L鎮(zhèn)都位于潁河沿岸，地表水均呈現(xiàn)重度污染，其地下水污染可能與潁河呈現(xiàn)距離相關(guān)。M鎮(zhèn)淺層地下水污染的原因還有待進(jìn)一步探索。監(jiān)測區(qū)和對照區(qū)的水質(zhì)致DNA損傷效應(yīng)和染色體損傷效應(yīng)存在明顯差異，且與居民癌癥死亡情況呈顯著正相關(guān)性，通過本次研究可反映環(huán)境污染的綜合遺傳毒性為明確水環(huán)境污染和健康危害的關(guān)系提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to detect the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water by SOS/umu assay, comet assay and human peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus assay. At the same time, the genetic toxicity test results and the death data of malignant tumor of local residents were analyzed, and the comprehensive genetic toxicity and pollution status of groundwater in the monitoring area were grasped. To explore the relationship between groundwater pollution and water quality pollution in Huaihe River Basin and the relationship between water environmental pollution and high incidence of cancer. Methods: the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River Basin were selected as the monitoring area in the 15 districts and counties that were included in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cancer. In this area, four monitoring towns and one control township were selected to collect shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water samples. Organic matter was enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE). SOS/umu assay, comet assay and micronucleus assay were used to detect mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Finally, the correlation between experimental monitoring data and malignant tumor mortality data provided by local CDC was analyzed. Results: Z town, K town, L town and M town were selected as monitoring towns and R town as control town. A total of 63 sampling sites were set up in five villages and towns, and three of them were selected as quality control samples. Among the 66 water samples, 47 were shallow groundwater (distributed water supply) and 5 were deep groundwater (centralized water supply). 11 samples of surface water and 3 samples of quality control were all distributed water supply samples. 1 the results of SOS / umu experiment showed that 0.5L of Z town and 0.5L of L town and R town were mutagenic positive without S9 addition, and 0.25 L was only L mutagenic positive. The IR values of two concentration water samples in L town were significantly higher than those in the control area (p0. 05). When S9 was added, K town, L town and R town were positive for mutagenicity in shallow groundwater, 0.25L was positive for L mutagenesis only. The IR of two concentration water samples in L town was significantly higher than that in the control area (p0. 05). There was no correlation between the IR value of shallow groundwater in five towns and the cancer mortality of residents (p0.05). 2Comet assay showed that the OTM values of Z town and M town were significantly higher than that of R town (p0.05). There was no significant difference between K town and L town and R town (p0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the OTM values and the cancer mortality of residents when the sample volume of shallow groundwater in Wuzhen was 2L ~ 1L and 0.5L (p0.05), RX2 was 0.267 ~ 0.342 and 0.223.3, respectively. The results of micronucleus test showed that, The micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater in K town and M town was significantly higher than that in control area (p0. 05). Z and L town showed slight pollution, K town and M town showed moderate pollution). There was a significant positive correlation between the micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater and the total cancer mortality of residents in these five towns (p0.01), and RX2 was 0.306. Conclusion: the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater in Z town, K town, L town and M town is significantly higher than that in R town, the genotoxicity includes mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Surface water is heavily polluted, and its groundwater pollution may be related to the distance of Yinghe River. The causes of shallow groundwater pollution in M Town need to be further explored. There were significant differences in DNA damage effect and chromosome damage effect between the monitoring area and the control area, and there was a significant positive correlation between the DNA damage effect and the death rate of cancer in the residents. This study can reflect the comprehensive genotoxicity of environmental pollution and provide basic data for clarifying the relationship between water environmental pollution and health hazards.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R123.1
[Abstract]:Objective: to detect the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water by SOS/umu assay, comet assay and human peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus assay. At the same time, the genetic toxicity test results and the death data of malignant tumor of local residents were analyzed, and the comprehensive genetic toxicity and pollution status of groundwater in the monitoring area were grasped. To explore the relationship between groundwater pollution and water quality pollution in Huaihe River Basin and the relationship between water environmental pollution and high incidence of cancer. Methods: the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River Basin were selected as the monitoring area in the 15 districts and counties that were included in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cancer. In this area, four monitoring towns and one control township were selected to collect shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water samples. Organic matter was enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE). SOS/umu assay, comet assay and micronucleus assay were used to detect mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Finally, the correlation between experimental monitoring data and malignant tumor mortality data provided by local CDC was analyzed. Results: Z town, K town, L town and M town were selected as monitoring towns and R town as control town. A total of 63 sampling sites were set up in five villages and towns, and three of them were selected as quality control samples. Among the 66 water samples, 47 were shallow groundwater (distributed water supply) and 5 were deep groundwater (centralized water supply). 11 samples of surface water and 3 samples of quality control were all distributed water supply samples. 1 the results of SOS / umu experiment showed that 0.5L of Z town and 0.5L of L town and R town were mutagenic positive without S9 addition, and 0.25 L was only L mutagenic positive. The IR values of two concentration water samples in L town were significantly higher than those in the control area (p0. 05). When S9 was added, K town, L town and R town were positive for mutagenicity in shallow groundwater, 0.25L was positive for L mutagenesis only. The IR of two concentration water samples in L town was significantly higher than that in the control area (p0. 05). There was no correlation between the IR value of shallow groundwater in five towns and the cancer mortality of residents (p0.05). 2Comet assay showed that the OTM values of Z town and M town were significantly higher than that of R town (p0.05). There was no significant difference between K town and L town and R town (p0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the OTM values and the cancer mortality of residents when the sample volume of shallow groundwater in Wuzhen was 2L ~ 1L and 0.5L (p0.05), RX2 was 0.267 ~ 0.342 and 0.223.3, respectively. The results of micronucleus test showed that, The micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater in K town and M town was significantly higher than that in control area (p0. 05). Z and L town showed slight pollution, K town and M town showed moderate pollution). There was a significant positive correlation between the micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater and the total cancer mortality of residents in these five towns (p0.01), and RX2 was 0.306. Conclusion: the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater in Z town, K town, L town and M town is significantly higher than that in R town, the genotoxicity includes mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Surface water is heavily polluted, and its groundwater pollution may be related to the distance of Yinghe River. The causes of shallow groundwater pollution in M Town need to be further explored. There were significant differences in DNA damage effect and chromosome damage effect between the monitoring area and the control area, and there was a significant positive correlation between the DNA damage effect and the death rate of cancer in the residents. This study can reflect the comprehensive genotoxicity of environmental pollution and provide basic data for clarifying the relationship between water environmental pollution and health hazards.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R123.1
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3 顧煒e
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