發(fā)布時間：2018-12-11 04:04

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，我國居民的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，小學(xué)生的飲食狀況也隨之改變，小學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)狀況越來越受到社會各界的關(guān)注。營養(yǎng)不良以及營養(yǎng)過度都會損害健康，而且國內(nèi)頻繁出現(xiàn)的食品安全問題也為少年兒童的營養(yǎng)與健康蒙上了陰影。 本研究結(jié)合工作實際，采用查閱文獻(xiàn)資料、現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和問卷調(diào)查等方法，從供方（小學(xué)集體食堂）和需方（食堂就餐小學(xué)生）兩方面出發(fā)，收集沈陽市和平區(qū)小學(xué)食堂午餐營養(yǎng)與食品安全的基本情況，對其現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了較為深入的剖析，發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的主要問題：學(xué)生午餐食物結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，動物性食品、蔬菜及植物油攝入量過多，豆類及其制品攝入量不足，沒有奶類及其制品；學(xué)生午餐鈣、維生素B1和維生素B2攝入量不足；民工子弟小學(xué)食堂加工場所面積小，從業(yè)人員營養(yǎng)知識水平較低；食堂從業(yè)人員呈現(xiàn)年齡老化現(xiàn)象；食品安全知識匱乏；庫房貯存和供餐備餐合格率低；部分從業(yè)人員工作期間佩戴首飾與留指甲。針對發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題提出了減少肉類攝入，適量增加魚蝦等海產(chǎn)品攝入，以達(dá)到減少蛋白質(zhì)總量但提高蛋白質(zhì)質(zhì)量的效果；在午餐中應(yīng)盡可能提供富含鈣的食品，如豆制品、蝦皮、海帶等，同時可在早上或午飯后作為加餐，推廣學(xué)生飲用奶計劃；適量增加魚類、動物肝臟、豆制品和黃綠色蔬菜等，以補(bǔ)充維生素B1、維生素B2的不足；食堂在招募從業(yè)人員的時候要限制年齡，增加年輕從業(yè)人員數(shù)量；加強(qiáng)對食堂管理人員及從業(yè)人員的營養(yǎng)與食品安全知識培訓(xùn)及食品安全法制教育，并定期考核食堂從業(yè)食品安全知識，增強(qiáng)食品安全意識；加強(qiáng)食堂的食品安全監(jiān)督管理力度，，積極有效地落實監(jiān)管制度，責(zé)任到人，各司其職。尤其做好庫房和分餐人員的監(jiān)督檢查；建議將是否佩戴首飾與留指甲列入檢查表，作為食堂監(jiān)督檢查考核項目。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the dietary structure of Chinese residents has changed greatly, and the dietary status of primary school students has also changed, and the nutritional status of primary school students has attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Malnutrition and overnutrition can damage health, and frequent food safety problems in China have cast a shadow over children's nutrition and health. Based on the practice of the work, this study adopts the methods of consulting literature, field investigation and questionnaire investigation, starting from two aspects: the supply side (the primary school canteen) and the demand side (the canteen pupils). This paper collects the basic situation of nutrition and food safety in primary school canteen in Heping District of Shenyang, analyzes its present situation deeply, and finds out the main problems: unreasonable food structure of students' lunch, animal food, etc. Excessive intake of vegetable and vegetable oil, insufficient intake of beans and their products, and no milk and its products; The intake of calcium, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 in lunch was insufficient; the area of processing place was small and the level of nutrition knowledge was low in the canteen of the children of migrant workers; the employees of the canteen showed the phenomenon of aging in age, and the knowledge of food safety was deficient. Warehouse storage and meal preparation rate is low; some employees wear jewelry and nails while working. In order to reduce the total amount of protein but improve the quality of protein, the meat intake should be reduced and the intake of seafood such as fish and shrimp should be increased. Calcium-rich foods such as bean products shrimp skins and kelp should be provided as much as possible during lunch and can be added to the meal in the morning or after lunch to promote the student milk program; Appropriate amount of fish, animal liver, soy products and yellow-green vegetables to supplement vitamin B1, vitamin B2 deficiency; canteen recruitment of employees to limit the age, increase the number of young employees; To strengthen the knowledge training on nutrition and food safety and the education of food safety legal system for canteen managers and employees, and to regularly examine the knowledge of food safety in canteens and enhance the awareness of food safety; To strengthen the food safety supervision and management of the canteen, actively and effectively implement the regulatory system, responsibility to the people, their own duties. It is suggested that wearing jewelry and nails should be included in the inspection form as the items of supervision and inspection in the canteen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R155.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 周家元;;學(xué)校食品衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督與管理方法探索[J];公共衛(wèi)生與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2007年05期

2 謝菲;;美國中小學(xué)營養(yǎng)午餐計劃對我國的啟示[J];管理工程師;2012年02期

3 沈有祿;;印度小學(xué)免費午餐計劃及其啟示[J];比較教育研究;2011年06期

4 付志勇;;長沙市中小學(xué)生2002~2005年營養(yǎng)狀況分析[J];醫(yī)學(xué)臨床研究;2006年04期

5 黎玉芬;;學(xué)校食品衛(wèi)生安全現(xiàn)狀及監(jiān)督管理工作分析[J];中國衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)業(yè);2011年32期

6 鮑慶勝;余軍;劉曉軍;王洪強(qiáng);吳昊;;學(xué)校食堂食品衛(wèi)生安全對策探討[J];中國衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督雜志;2006年02期

7 燕東盛;濱州市學(xué)生食堂管理方式與衛(wèi)生狀況[J];中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生;2002年04期

8 張媚穎;孫赫今;吳稚平;;營口市小學(xué)生午餐膳食營養(yǎng)狀況[J];中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生;2008年04期

9 梁利花;吳翠平;婁曉民;彭玉林;郭蔚蔚;李嵐;;河南省部分農(nóng)村寄宿制中小學(xué)校食堂衛(wèi)生學(xué)評價[J];中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生;2011年01期

10 馬建紅;顧清維;吳春香;吳雯靜;貝品聯(lián);;普陀區(qū)小學(xué)生營養(yǎng)午餐營養(yǎng)素供給與質(zhì)量評價[J];中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生;2011年08期

本文編號：2371829