【摘要】：目的：了解溫州市小學(xué)生超重肥胖流行現(xiàn)狀,分析小學(xué)生膳食、體力活動(dòng)模式對肥胖的影響,為政府各部門掌握溫州市小學(xué)生體質(zhì)情況以及制定有針對性的的防治干預(yù)措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：采用多階段分層整群抽樣的方法選擇溫州市小學(xué)生進(jìn)行體格檢查,測量身高和體重,計(jì)算BMI值,以中國肥胖工作組制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩查超重、肥胖；根據(jù)體格檢查結(jié)果,以肥胖兒童作為病例組,同班級(jí)同性別的正常體重的學(xué)生作為對照組,開展病例對照研究,分析兩者在膳食、體力活動(dòng)模式方面是否存在差異。調(diào)查采用自行設(shè)計(jì)的調(diào)查問卷,數(shù)據(jù)用Epi Data進(jìn)行錄入,并用Spss17.0進(jìn)行卡方檢驗(yàn)、Logistic回歸等方法分析。 結(jié)果： 1、生長發(fā)育狀況：溫州市6-12歲小學(xué)生平均身高每年增加5cm,12歲以后增幅放緩；各年齡段男生身高體重均高于女生,城區(qū)學(xué)生身高體重略高于農(nóng)村學(xué)生。 2、超重肥胖流行率：溫州市6-13歲小學(xué)生總體超重率和肥胖率分別為11.23%和6.43%,男生超重率和肥胖率分別為12.92%和7.89%；女生超重率和肥胖率分別為9.16%和4.62%。除13歲組男生超重率外,其余各年齡組男生超重率和肥胖率均高于女生；除6歲組農(nóng)村兒童超重肥胖率均高于城區(qū)兒童外,其余各年齡組城區(qū)兒童超重率和肥胖率均高于農(nóng)村兒童。 3、肥胖與膳食習(xí)慣和體力活動(dòng)的關(guān)系：病例對照研究顯示蔬菜、奶類及其制品每日攝入頻率與肥胖呈現(xiàn)負(fù)劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系、每日睡眠時(shí)間長(8h/d)是預(yù)防超重和肥胖的保護(hù)因素,體力活動(dòng)不足(45min/d).靜坐時(shí)間長(2h/d)是超重和肥胖的危險(xiǎn)因素,結(jié)果有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05)。 結(jié)論： 1、溫州市小學(xué)生生長發(fā)育情況符合我國兒童青少年體格發(fā)育的一般規(guī)律。 2、溫州市小學(xué)生總體超重率和肥胖率高于浙江省平均水平,男生超重和肥胖率均高于女生。 3、溫州市小學(xué)生肥胖與其膳食、體力活動(dòng)模式存在關(guān)聯(lián),多吃蔬菜、奶類及其制品、每日睡眠時(shí)間長是預(yù)防肥胖的保護(hù)因素,體力活動(dòng)不足、靜坐時(shí)間長是肥胖的危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students in Wenzhou, and to analyze the effects of dietary and physical activity patterns on obesity. It provides scientific basis for the government departments to grasp the physical condition of primary school students in Wenzhou City and to formulate targeted prevention and treatment intervention measures. Methods: using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to select primary school students in Wenzhou for physical examination, to measure height and weight, to calculate BMI value, and to screen overweight and obesity according to the standard established by China Obesity working Group. According to the results of physical examination, the obese children were used as case group and normal weight students of the same sex in the same class as control group. A case-control study was carried out to analyze whether there were differences in dietary and physical activity patterns between the two groups. The data were recorded by Epi Data, chi-square test by Spss17.0 and analysis by Logistic regression. Results: 1. Growth and development status: the average height of primary school students aged 6-12 in Wenzhou was increased by 5 cm / 12 years after 12 years old, the height and weight of boys in all ages were higher than that of girls, and the height and weight of students in urban areas were slightly higher than those in rural areas. 2, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity: the overall overweight rate and obesity rate of primary school students aged 6-13 in Wenzhou were 11.23% and 6.43 respectively, and the overweight and obesity rates of boys were 12.92% and 7.89%, respectively. The overweight and obesity rates of female students were 9.16% and 4.62%, respectively. The overweight rate and obesity rate of boys in all age groups were higher than that of girls except the overweight rate of 13 years old boys. The overweight and obesity rates of children in the other age groups were higher than those in rural children, except that the overweight and obesity rates of children aged 6 years old were higher than those of children in urban areas. 3. Relationship between obesity and dietary habits and physical activity: a case-control study showed a negative dose response relationship between daily intake frequency of vegetables, dairy and its products, and obesity. Long sleep days (8h/d) are protective factors against overweight and obesity, and physical activity is insufficient (45min/d). Long sitting time (2h/d) was a risk factor for overweight and obesity, and the results were statistically significant (p0. 05). Conclusion: 1. The growth and development of primary school students in Wenzhou accords with the general law of physical development of children and adolescents in China. 2. The rate of overweight and obesity of primary school students in Wenzhou was higher than that of Zhejiang Province, and the rate of overweight and obesity of boys was higher than that of girls. 3. Obesity of primary school students in Wenzhou was related to their diet and physical activity pattern. Eating more vegetables, milk and its products, long sleep time per day were the protective factors to prevent obesity, physical activity was insufficient, and sedentary time was the risk factor of obesity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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