【摘要】：[目的]調(diào)查職業(yè)性噪聲暴露對新入職青年工人的聽力、血壓及心電圖的影響,探討青年工人初次職業(yè)噪聲暴露的職業(yè)健康風險。[方法]以南京市職業(yè)健康體檢機構2011年至2013年進行職業(yè)健康體格檢查合格的367名新入職青年職工為研究對象,跟蹤分析該職業(yè)人群入職前和入職后2年內(nèi),先后3次職業(yè)健康體檢的噪聲性聽力損失(noise induced hearing loss,NIHL)、血壓和心電圖變化。[結果]青年工人噪聲作業(yè)1年雙耳高頻平均聽閾損失[25dB(A)]的檢出率為4.63%,噪聲暴露2年內(nèi)雙耳高頻聽力損失檢出為3.77%;入職1年后聽力篩查檢出3名噪聲敏感工人[高頻段任一頻率,任一耳≥65dB(A)]。工人入職1年收縮壓出現(xiàn)顯著性上升,且男性工人連續(xù)兩年收縮壓呈上升趨勢;女性工人噪聲作業(yè)1年高血壓現(xiàn)患率上升。男性工人入職1年后心電圖檢查發(fā)現(xiàn),心律不齊和其他異常心電圖(束支傳導阻滯、ST-T段改變等)檢出率顯著上升。[結論]職業(yè)性噪聲暴露可能對新入職青年工人的聽力損失和心血管系統(tǒng)有一定影響。噪聲暴露第1年,青工聽力損失檢出率較高,可能與易感人群有關。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the effects of occupational noise exposure on hearing, blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) of young workers, and to explore the occupational health risks of young workers exposed to occupational noise for the first time. [methods] 367 newly recruited young workers who had passed occupational health examination in Nanjing from 2011 to 2013 were studied. Noise hearing loss (noise induced hearing loss,NIHL), blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) in 3 occupational health examinations. [results] the average hearing loss (25dB (A) of the young workers exposed to noise for one year was 4.63 and 3.77 within 2 years of noise exposure. Three noise-sensitive workers were detected by hearing screening for one year [any frequency in high frequency, any ear 鈮，

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