【摘要】：目的了解某鋼鐵集團(tuán)自備礦山工人職業(yè)緊張現(xiàn)況及其影響因素,為制定科學(xué)、合理的干預(yù)措施提供依據(jù)。 方法以班組為單位,采取分層整群抽樣的方法,分別抽取某鋼鐵集團(tuán)759名礦山職工,采取自行設(shè)計(jì)的調(diào)查表,以不記名、自填的方式對(duì)職工的人口學(xué)特征、生活習(xí)慣、身體狀況、職業(yè)史、工作制度、興趣愛好等進(jìn)行調(diào)查。采取職業(yè)緊張量表(OSI-R)對(duì)調(diào)查工人進(jìn)行職業(yè)緊張測(cè)評(píng)。 結(jié)果(1)職業(yè)緊張量表及子項(xiàng)與西南地區(qū)職業(yè)人群常模比較,職業(yè)任務(wù)總分(ORQ)、任務(wù)不適(RI)、任務(wù)模糊(RA)、任務(wù)沖突(RB)、工作環(huán)境(PE),個(gè)體緊張反應(yīng)總分(PSQ)、業(yè)務(wù)緊張反應(yīng)(VS)、心理緊張反應(yīng)(PSY)、人際關(guān)系緊張反應(yīng)(IS)和軀體緊張反應(yīng)(PHS)得分較高；任務(wù)過重(RO)、責(zé)任感(R)、個(gè)體應(yīng)對(duì)資源總分(PRQ),娛樂休閑(RE)、自我保健(SC)、社會(huì)支持(SS)和理性處事(RC)得分較低。 (2)以西南地區(qū)職業(yè)人群常模為參照,將量表測(cè)評(píng)結(jié)果進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換,分析得出調(diào)查對(duì)象中,中度、高度職業(yè)緊張者占34.9%,中度、高度緊張反應(yīng)者占80.1%,中、高度應(yīng)對(duì)資源缺乏者占24.4%。 (3)多因素分析中,影響職業(yè)任務(wù)的因素有：性別、行政職務(wù)、接噪、娛樂活動(dòng)、工作強(qiáng)度、疲勞程度,影響應(yīng)對(duì)資源的因素有：體質(zhì)指數(shù)、社會(huì)地位、福利滿意程度、飲酒、體育鍛煉、興趣愛好,影響應(yīng)對(duì)資源的因素有：家庭人口(人)、煙齡(年)、睡眠時(shí)間(小時(shí))、體育鍛煉。 (4)將PSQ與ORQ、PRQ建立多元線性回歸方程。其中顯示ORQ與PSQ呈正相關(guān),PRQ與PSQ成負(fù)相關(guān),ORQ較PRQ對(duì)PSQ的影響更大。 結(jié)論某鋼鐵集團(tuán)礦山工人職業(yè)緊張狀況較為明顯,性別,行政職務(wù),接觸噪聲年限,夜班,娛樂活動(dòng),興趣愛好,工作強(qiáng)度及疲勞程度,家庭人口,煙齡(年),睡眠時(shí)間,體育鍛煉等是影響某鋼鐵集團(tuán)礦山工人職業(yè)緊張的因素,加強(qiáng)工人作業(yè)環(huán)境防護(hù),加強(qiáng)工人的心理疏導(dǎo),提高工人參與企業(yè)管理和決策的程度；合理安排工作時(shí)間和工作量,鼓勵(lì)工人參加娛樂活動(dòng),培養(yǎng)興趣愛好等措施可以緩解工人職業(yè)緊張。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of occupational stress and its influencing factors among workers in a certain iron and steel group, and to provide basis for scientific and reasonable intervention measures. Methods 759 mine workers in a certain iron and steel group were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics and living habits of the workers. Health status, career history, work system, hobbies and so on. Occupational stress scale (OSI-R) was used to measure occupational stress. Results (1) Occupational stress scale and subitems were compared with the norm of occupational population in Southwest China. Occupational task total score (ORQ), task unwell (RI), task fuzzy (RA), task conflict (RB), work environment (PE), individual stress total score (PSQ), business stress response (VS), psychological stress response (PSY), interpersonal stress response (IS) and somatic stress response (PHS) score higher; The scores of (PRQ), recreation and leisure (RE), self-care (SC), (SS) and rational handling (RC) were lower than those of (PRQ), (RE),. (2) the norm of professional population in Southwest China was taken as reference. The data of the scale were converted, and the results showed that the subjects of the survey were moderate, high occupational stress 34.9, moderate stress, high stress 80.1, middle coping resource deficient 24.42. (3) in multivariate analysis, the proportion of moderate to high degree of occupational stress was 34.9%, that of high degree of stress was 80.1%. (3) in multivariate analysis, The factors influencing professional tasks are gender, administrative position, noise, entertainment, work intensity, fatigue, and factors affecting coping resources: body mass index, social status, welfare satisfaction, drinking, physical exercise, etc. The factors affecting coping resources are: family population (person), smoking age (year), sleep time (hour), physical exercise. (4) establish multiple linear regression equation between PSQ and ORQ,PRQ. There was a positive correlation between ORQ and PSQ, and a negative correlation between PRQ and PSQ. ORQ had more influence on PSQ than PRQ. Conclusion the occupational stress of mine workers in a certain iron and steel group is obvious, such as sex, administrative position, years of exposure to noise, night shift, recreational activities, hobbies, work intensity and fatigue, family population, smoking age (year), sleep time, etc. Physical exercise is the factor that affects the occupational stress of the mining workers in a certain iron and steel group, strengthens the protection of the workers' working environment, strengthens the psychological guidance of the workers, improves the degree of the workers' participation in the management and decision-making of the enterprises, and reasonably arranges the working hours and workload. Measures such as encouraging workers to take part in recreational activities and developing hobbies can ease workers' occupational tension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R131

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