【摘要】：目的 了解金昌市大氣、飲用水和土壤環(huán)境污染現(xiàn)狀；估算大氣、飲用水和土壤環(huán)境介質中主要污染物與重金屬污染物所致居民健康危害的風險水平,并提出降低環(huán)境健康風險度的針對性措施。 方法 根據2007-2010年金昌市環(huán)境空氣、飲用水源地水質監(jiān)測數據以及2007年開展的金昌市土壤污染狀況調查數據,采用均值、標準差、極差等統(tǒng)計指標描述金昌市大氣、飲用水和土壤環(huán)境污染的現(xiàn)狀；采用美國國家環(huán)保局公布的環(huán)境健康評價模型,結合金昌市居民的人體生理特點,定量分析化學污染物導致的健康風險。 結果 2007-2010年金昌市大氣環(huán)境中主要污染物PM10、SO2和NO2年均濃度未出現(xiàn)較大變化,但呈現(xiàn)季節(jié)性和區(qū)域性特點：冬春季污染較嚴重；金川集團公司運輸部監(jiān)測點污染較重。大氣環(huán)境中重金屬污染物以As和Ni為主。大氣環(huán)境中主要污染物和重金屬污染物所致危害的總健康風險滿足：AsSO2PM10NO2 Ni,其中僅致癌性化學污染物As的健康風險超過可接受范圍并主要危害成年人群,同時金川集團公司運輸部監(jiān)測點附近功能區(qū)為As污染高危區(qū)。 金昌市飲用水和土壤環(huán)境中重金屬污染物均以Cu. Pb、Ni和Cr(Ⅵ)為主,其所致危害的總健康風險飲用水環(huán)境中滿足：Cr (Ⅵ)CuNiPb;土壤環(huán)境中滿足：Cr (Ⅵ)PbNiCu。其中,僅致癌性化學污染物Cr(Ⅵ)的健康風險均超過可接受范圍,均主要經口進入人體并危害居民健康,且成年組所受危害大于兒童組。 結論 金昌市大氣、飲用水和土壤環(huán)境質量良好。大氣環(huán)境中As以及飲用水和土壤環(huán)境中Cr(Ⅵ)是危害居民健康的主要因素,且危害程度在年齡、性別和攝入途徑上存在較大差異：成年組兒童組；女性男性；經口途徑皮膚接觸途徑。非致癌性化學物質所致的健康風險均小于標準值。因此,應通過加強環(huán)境風險管理降低致癌性化學物質所致的健康風險水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of atmospheric, drinking water and soil environmental pollution in Jinchang City, and to estimate the risk level of health hazards caused by major pollutants and heavy metal pollutants in air, drinking water and soil environmental media. Some measures to reduce the risk of environmental health are put forward. Methods according to the monitoring data of ambient air and drinking water quality in Jinchang City from 2007 to 2010 and the investigation data of soil pollution in Jinchang City in 2007, the average value, standard deviation and range difference were used to describe the atmosphere of Jinchang City. The present situation of drinking water and soil environmental pollution, the environmental health assessment model published by the National Environmental Protection Agency of the United States, and the physiological characteristics of residents in Jinchang City were used to quantitatively analyze the health risks caused by chemical pollutants. Results the average annual concentrations of PM10,SO2 and NO2 in the atmospheric environment of Jinchang City from 2007 to 2010 did not change significantly, but showed seasonal and regional characteristics: the pollution in winter and spring was serious, and the pollution in the monitoring sites of the Ministry of Transport of Jinchuan Group Company was serious. As and Ni are the main heavy metal pollutants in atmospheric environment. The total health risk of the major pollutants and heavy metal pollutants in the atmospheric environment is satisfied: in AsSO2PM10NO2 Ni, only carcinogenic chemical pollutant As has more than acceptable health risk and mainly endangers the adult population. At the same time, the function area near the monitoring point of Jinchuan Group Transportation Department is the high risk area of As pollution. The heavy metal pollutants in drinking water and soil environment of Jinchang City were all treated with Cu.. Pb,Ni and Cr (鈪，

本文編號：2282099