【摘要】：衰老是生物進(jìn)程的必然階段,同時(shí)伴隨各種增齡性和退行性疾病,如心腦血管疾病、糖尿病、呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病、癌癥等。延緩衰老,提高生命質(zhì)量,具有重要的意義。桂花在我國(guó)有悠久的食用歷史,國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于桂花的研究主要集中在香氣成分的分析、桂花品種資源整理上,對(duì)桂花的藥理作用研究較少。本研究以金桂花為原料,以果蠅為實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,對(duì)桂花提取物的體外抗氧化、體內(nèi)抗氧化、延緩衰老的作用進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),旨在研究桂花的抗氧化和延緩衰老作用及機(jī)理,為桂花作為保健食品的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)提供實(shí)驗(yàn)理論依據(jù)。測(cè)定16種常見(jiàn)可食花卉的水提液的總多酚與總黃酮含量及其抗氧化作用。Folin-Ciocalteu法測(cè)定總多酚含量,NaNO2-AlCl3-NaOH法測(cè)定總黃酮含量,FRAP、DPPH·、ABTS+·法測(cè)定抗氧化作用。在16種可食花卉水提液中,總多酚含量以牡丹花、紫玫瑰、桂花最多,紅巧梅、茉莉花、金盞菊最少;總黃酮含量以桂花、薰衣草、金銀花最多,紅巧梅、茉莉花、洛神花最少;抗氧化作用以牡丹花、紫玫瑰、月季、桂花最強(qiáng),紅巧梅、茉莉花、金盞菊最弱。采用自然陰干的金桂花,以無(wú)水乙醇作為提取溶劑,在50℃條件下多次回流提取桂花中的有效成分,經(jīng)過(guò)抽濾、旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)(40℃,-0.1MPa)、真空干燥(40℃,-0.1MPa)、低溫冷藏(-4℃)步驟,制得棕黃色軟浸膏,1g浸膏相當(dāng)于2g桂花的有效成分。對(duì)浸膏進(jìn)行基本成分分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其總多糖含量為307.98土8.90mgDE/g,對(duì)浸膏進(jìn)行體外抗氧化作用測(cè)定,發(fā)現(xiàn)其總黃酮含量為482.27±6.19mgQE/g,總多酚含量為126.73±1.19mgGAE/g。其清除FRAP能力相當(dāng)于 108.54±0.35mgVC/g,清除 DPPH 能力相當(dāng)于 65.09±0.75mgVC/g,清除ABTS+.能力相當(dāng)于 123.23±1.09mgVC/g。以果蠅為實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,在其培養(yǎng)基中分別添加不同劑量(0,2.5mg/mL,5mg/mL,10mg/mL,15mg/mL)的桂花提取物,研究桂花提取物對(duì)♂和♀果蠅的平均壽命、最高壽命的影響。與對(duì)照組相比,添加桂花提取物各劑量組的♂和早果蠅的平均壽命、最高壽命均有所延長(zhǎng),且存在劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系。在第25d齡和45d齡時(shí),處死果蠅,測(cè)定果蠅體內(nèi)抗氧化物酶活性和過(guò)氧化脂質(zhì)含量,與對(duì)照組相比,添加桂花提取物各劑量組的♂和♀果蠅體內(nèi)的T-SOD、Cu，Zn-SOD、Mn-SOD、CAT活性較對(duì)照組均有所提高,且存在劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系;與對(duì)照組相比,添加桂花提取物各劑量組的♂和早果蠅體內(nèi)MDA含量均有所下降,且存在劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系。以果蠅為實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物,在其培養(yǎng)基中分別添加不同劑量(0,2.5mg/mL,5mg/mL,10mg/mL,15mg/mL)的桂花提取物,在第30d齡時(shí)進(jìn)行應(yīng)激(·OH急性損傷、SDS急性損傷、熱應(yīng)激損傷)試驗(yàn),研究桂花提取物對(duì)果蠅應(yīng)激試驗(yàn)的作用。與對(duì)照組相比,添加桂花提取物各劑量組的♂和早果蠅在各應(yīng)激試驗(yàn)中的壽命較均有所延長(zhǎng),且存在劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系。桂花提取物有豐富的總多酚、總黃酮、總多糖含量和較好的體內(nèi)外抗氧化作用。在動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中,能顯著提高果蠅的壽命和內(nèi)源性抗氧化酶體系的活性,降低脂質(zhì)過(guò)氧化物的含量,顯著提高果蠅的應(yīng)激能力。因此,桂花提取物具有較好的體內(nèi)外抗氧化和延緩衰老的作用。
[Abstract]:Aging is an inevitable stage of biological process, accompanied by a variety of aging and degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, respiratory diseases, cancer and so on. In this study, Osmanthus fragrans was used as raw material and Drosophila melanogaster was used as experimental animal to evaluate the anti-oxidation in vitro, anti-oxidation in vivo and anti-aging effects of Osmanthus fragrans extracts, aiming to study the anti-oxidation and anti-aging effects and mechanism of Osmanthus fragrans, and to provide health care for Osmanthus fragrans. The contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids in water extracts of 16 kinds of common edible flowers and their antioxidant activities were determined. The contents of total polyphenols were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, the contents of total flavonoids were determined by NaNO2-AlCl3-NaOH method, the contents of total flavonoids were determined by FRAP, DPPH and ABTS+. The antioxidant activities were determined by ABTS+. Peony, purple rose, osmanthus fragrans, red Qiaomei, jasmine and Calendula are the most abundant in total polyphenols; osmanthus fragrans, lavender, honeysuckle, red Qiaomei, jasmine and Luoshen are the most abundant in total flavonoids; peony, purple rose, rose, rose, rose, osmanthus are the strongest, red Qiaomei, jasmine and Calendula are the weakest in antioxidant activity. The effective components in Osmanthus fragrans were extracted by reflux at 50 C for several times. After filtration, rotary evaporation (40 C, - 0.1MPa), vacuum drying (40 C, - 0.1MPa) and cryopreservation (- 4 C), the brown yellow ointment was prepared. 1g extract was equivalent to 2G of Osmanthus fragrans. Total polysaccharide content was 307.98 soil 8.90 mg DE/g. The total flavonoids content was 482.27 (+6.19 mg QE/g) and total polyphenols content was 126.73 (+1.19 mg GAE/g). The FRAP scavenging capacity was 108.54 (+0.35 mg VC/g), DPPH scavenging capacity was 65.09 (+0.75 mg VC/g) and ABTS +. MgVC/g. Drosophila melanogaster was used as experimental animal. Osmanthus fragrans extract of different doses (0,2.5mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15mg/mL) was added to the medium to study the effect of Osmanthus fragrans extract on the average life span and maximum life span of and Drosophila melanogaster. Compared with the control group, the average life span of and early Drosophila melanogaster were the highest. The antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxide content in Drosophila melanogaster were measured at 25 and 45 days of age. Compared with the control group, the T-SOD, Cu, Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and CAT activities in the groups with different doses of Osmanthus fragrans extract were higher than those in the control group. Compared with the control group, the content of MDA in each dose group decreased, and there was a dose-effect relationship. Drosophila melanogaster was used as the experimental animal, and different doses (0,2.5mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15mg/mL) of Osmanthus fragrans extract were added to the culture medium for stress at the 30th day of age. (OH acute injury, SDS acute injury, heat stress injury) test, to study the effect of Osmanthus fragrans extract on stress test of drosophila. Compared with the control group, the life span of and Drosophila melanogaster in different doses of Osmanthus fragrans extract groups were prolonged, and there was a dose-effect relationship. Osmanthus fragrans extract was rich in total polyphenols, total yellow. Ketones, total polysaccharides and better antioxidant activities in vivo and in vitro. In animal experiments, Osmanthus fragrans extracts can significantly improve the longevity of Drosophila melanogaster and the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, reduce the content of lipid peroxides, and significantly improve the stress capacity of Drosophila melanogaster.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R151

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 鄭藝欣;李奕君;林埔;孔祥佳;謝勇;;野菊花水提物對(duì)果蠅熱耐受能力的影響[J];食品與機(jī)械;2016年09期

2 尹偉;張國(guó)升;;響應(yīng)面法優(yōu)化桂花多糖的超聲提取工藝研究[J];井岡山大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2016年04期

3 伊娟娟;王振宇;曲航;李景彤;;植物多酚抗腫瘤活性及其機(jī)制研究進(jìn)展[J];食品工業(yè)科技;2016年18期

4 夏必幫;魯韋韋;李蕤;;桂花精油提取工藝及其抗氧化性的研究[J];氨基酸和生物資源;2016年01期

5 游庭活;溫露;劉凡;;衰老機(jī)制及延緩衰老活性物質(zhì)研究進(jìn)展[J];天然產(chǎn)物研究與開(kāi)發(fā);2015年11期

6 尹偉;陶阿麗;戴一;施伶俐;張國(guó)升;;桂花多糖體外免疫活性的研究[J];赤峰學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2015年21期

7 趙宏波;郝日明;胡紹慶;;中國(guó)野生桂花的地理分布和種群特征[J];園藝學(xué)報(bào);2015年09期

8 趙江;陳純;馬娜;孫振歐;薛文琛;王浩;;根皮苷對(duì)雄性果蠅抗衰老活性的研究[J];營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)報(bào);2015年04期

9 陳鐵壁;肖樂(lè);楊盟盟;彭云鳳;;金桂花中總黃酮的微波輔助提取工藝優(yōu)化[J];食品與機(jī)械;2015年03期

10 周洋;柳宗琳;陳羽臣;金麗華;;瓜蔞、紅花、川芎和菊花提取物對(duì)氧化應(yīng)激誘導(dǎo)的果蠅腸道免疫的影響[J];中草藥;2014年15期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 宋蔚;桂花源連翹脂素的護(hù)肝作用及其機(jī)制研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2015年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 徐光偉;藥對(duì)金銀花—金銀藤、陳皮—枳殼和四種桂花的揮發(fā)油成分研究[D];中南大學(xué);2010年

2 杜娟;蘋(píng)果多酚對(duì)乙醇所致小鼠DNA損傷的保護(hù)作用[D];沈陽(yáng)藥科大學(xué);2009年

3 常炳華;桂花品種整理及其景觀應(yīng)用研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2007年

4 張堅(jiān);桂花精油的提取與成分分析的研究[D];浙江工業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

5 龍剛;玫瑰水提物的毒理學(xué)與抗衰老功效研究[D];華南師范大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號(hào)：2226694