【摘要】：目的了解遼寧省某沿海城市孕婦碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀及影響因素,為防治沿海地區(qū)孕婦人群碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)異常提供分類指導(dǎo)理論參考,并為孕婦人群科學(xué)補(bǔ)碘提供有效的理論依據(jù)。方法采用整群抽樣的方法,于2015年6月~2017年3月抽取在該市某三甲醫(yī)院進(jìn)行產(chǎn)前檢查且現(xiàn)住址為該市三個(gè)不同縣區(qū)居住十年以上的594名孕婦晨間尿樣進(jìn)行尿碘含量檢測(cè),并對(duì)孕婦基本情況、日食鹽量、碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)知識(shí)、一個(gè)月內(nèi)日常飲食頻率等因素進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查。以孕婦尿碘值為因變量,可能影響尿碘升高或降低的因素作為自變量進(jìn)行非條件Logistic回歸分析,篩選出影響孕婦尿碘的因素,并使用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS22.0對(duì)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果1.本次調(diào)查的594例孕婦尿碘范圍在11.3μg/L~1133.2μg/L之間,中位數(shù)為218.4μg/L,四分位數(shù)間距(P25~P75)為144.350μg/L~273.475μg/L;2.根據(jù)WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD推薦的人群碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),本次檢測(cè)尿碘含量的低碘構(gòu)成比為26.76%,適碘構(gòu)成比為39.23%,高碘構(gòu)成比為34.01%;3.非條件Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,孕婦低碘的保護(hù)因素可為食用肉類、碘鹽、乳制品、海產(chǎn)品、受教育程度高、碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)知曉率得分高;孕婦低碘的危險(xiǎn)因素是職業(yè)可為農(nóng)民及食用小米。在本次調(diào)查中,食用小米是高碘的危險(xiǎn)因素,而受教育程度高為孕婦高碘的保護(hù)因素。結(jié)論1.該沿海城市孕婦人群碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀良好,通過(guò)孕婦人群尿碘檢測(cè)顯示碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)處于適宜狀態(tài),符合WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD規(guī)定的營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平;2.孕婦低碘的保護(hù)因素是食用肉類、碘鹽、乳制品、海產(chǎn)品、受教育程度高、碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)知曉率得分高;孕婦低碘的危險(xiǎn)因素是職業(yè)為農(nóng)民及食用小米。在本次調(diào)查中,食用小米是高碘的危險(xiǎn)因素,而受教育程度高及食用碘鹽均為孕婦高碘的保護(hù)因素;3.妊娠期間作為碘元素?cái)z入的敏感時(shí)期,應(yīng)注意合理補(bǔ)碘,避免因攝入碘營(yíng)養(yǎng)異常導(dǎo)致的不良影響。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the iodine nutrition status and influencing factors of pregnant women in a coastal city of Liaoning Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency among pregnant women in coastal areas, and to provide an effective theoretical basis for the scientific iodine supplementation of pregnant women. Methods from June 2015 to March 2017, 594 pregnant women whose current address is more than 10 years living in three different counties of the city were selected for prenatal examination from June 2015 to March 2017. The basic condition of pregnant women, the amount of daily salt, the knowledge of iodine nutrition, the frequency of daily diet and so on were investigated. Taking the urinary iodine value of pregnant women as dependent variable, the factors that may influence the increase or decrease of urinary iodine were used as independent variables to analyze the factors affecting the urinary iodine of pregnant women by non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. The statistical software SPSS22.0 was used to analyze the related data. Result 1. The urinary iodine range of 594 pregnant women was 11.3 渭 g/L~1133.2 渭 g / L with a median of 218.4 渭 g / L and a P25~P75 of 144.350 渭 g/L~273.475 渭 g / L 路L ~ (-1). According to the standard recommended by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD, the iodine composition ratio of urinary iodine content was 26.76%, the appropriate iodine composition ratio was 39.23, and the high iodine composition ratio was 34.01%. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the protective factors of iodine deficiency in pregnant women were edible meat, iodized salt, dairy products, seafood, high education level and high awareness rate of iodine nutrition. The risk factor for pregnant women with iodine deficiency is that the occupation can be for farmers and edible millet. In this survey, millet consumption is a risk factor for iodine, and high level of education is a protective factor for pregnant women. Conclusion 1. The iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in this coastal city is good. The urine iodine test of pregnant women shows that iodine nutrition is in an appropriate state and conforms to the nutritional level specified by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. The protective factors of iodine deficiency in pregnant women were consumption of meat, iodized salt, dairy products, seafood, high level of education, high awareness rate of iodine nutrition, and the risk factors of pregnant women's iodine deficiency were farmers and millet. In this survey, consumption of millet is a risk factor for high iodine, while high education and iodized salt are the protective factors of high iodine in pregnant women. As a sensitive period of iodine intake during pregnancy, attention should be paid to rational iodine supplementation to avoid adverse effects caused by abnormal iodine intake.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R153.1

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