【摘要】：以大米淀粉,玉米淀粉,糯玉米淀粉,糯米淀粉,甘薯淀粉和馬鈴薯淀粉為原料,對其進行乙酰化、辛烯基琥珀酸酯化、羥丙基醚化和交聯(lián)四種變性,對其部分理化性質(zhì)和抗消化性進行比較研究。然后選用兩種復(fù)合變性淀粉(HP-CL和CL-OSA),并對其對高脂膳食小鼠的抗氧化能力進行了研究,旨在為功能性淀粉應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。本文主要研究結(jié)果如下： 首先,分別對六種原淀粉進行化學(xué)變性并比較其部分的理化性質(zhì),結(jié)果表明：乙�；�,OSA酯化和羥丙基化都能增加淀粉峰值粘度,降低糊化溫度,但是有些淀粉OSA酯化變性后峰值粘度最大,有些淀粉羥丙基化后峰值粘度最大,高交聯(lián)由于高溫下不糊化,不具有粘度：乙酰化,OSA酯化和羥丙基化都能增加淀粉的透明度,其中糯性淀粉以O(shè)SA酯化變性增幅最大,馬鈴薯以醋酸酯化變性增幅最大,其余淀粉以羥丙基化增加幅度最大,交聯(lián)降低所有淀粉的透明度；乙酰化,OSA酯化和羥丙基化都能增加淀粉的抗凝沉性,其中不論哪種原料均以O(shè)SA酯化變性最優(yōu)；淀粉的凍融穩(wěn)定性經(jīng)乙酰化,OSA酯化和羥丙基化后都會有所增加,對不同的淀粉其改良程度不同,其中以羥丙基變性最能改善淀粉的凍融穩(wěn)定性。 其次,研究不同化學(xué)變性淀粉的抗消化性,分析表明：乙酰化,辛烯基琥珀酸酯化,羥丙基醚化和交聯(lián)均能降低淀粉RDS含量,增加淀粉的RS含量,且在增加淀粉的RS含量方面為羥丙基醚化乙�；宦�(lián)辛烯基琥珀酸酯化,個別淀粉稍有差異,其中辛烯基琥珀酸酯化主要是提高淀粉的SDS含量。 最后,研究HP-CL和CL-OSA高脂飲食C57BL/6J小鼠抗氧化作用的影響。C57BL/6J小鼠60只,隨機分為5組,包括對照組(CL)、高脂組(HF)、高脂飼料中添加甘薯原淀粉(HF-SPS)、羥丙基交聯(lián)甘薯淀粉(HF-HPCL-SPS)、交聯(lián)酯化甘薯淀粉(HF-CLOSA-SPS),小鼠進行自由采食,12周后測定小鼠血清和肝臟中總抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、丙二醛(MDA)、過氧化氫酶(CAT)。試驗結(jié)果表明：HF-HPCL-SP組與HF組比較,血清的T-AOC活性、GSH-Px活性顯著提高(P0.05),SOD活性、CAT活性有升高趨勢,MDA濃度有下降趨勢；肝臟的T-AOC活性、SOD活性顯著提高(P0.05), CAT活性有升高趨勢,GSH-Px活性無明顯變化,MDA濃度顯著降低(P0.05)。HF-CLOSA-SPS與HF組比較,血清的T-AOC活性有升高趨勢,MDA濃度有下降趨勢；肝臟的T-AOC活性顯著提高(P0.05),SOD活性有升高趨勢,MDA濃度有下降趨勢。綜上考慮復(fù)合變性淀粉HP-CL和CL-OSA均能改善高脂飲食小鼠的體內(nèi)氧化應(yīng)激水平,HP-CL改善作用優(yōu)于CL-OSA。
[Abstract]:Rice starch, corn starch, glutinous rice starch, sweet potato starch and potato starch were treated with acetylation, octenyl succinic acid esterification, hydroxypropyl etherification and crosslinking. Some physicochemical properties and anti-digestibility were compared. Then two kinds of compound modified starch (HP-CL and CL-OSA) were selected and their antioxidant ability to high-fat diet mice were studied in order to provide the basis for the application of functional starch. The main results are as follows: firstly, six kinds of starch were chemically denatured and some physicochemical properties were compared. The results showed that acetylated OSA esterification and hydroxypropylation could increase the peak viscosity of starch. The gelatinization temperature was decreased, but the peak viscosity of some starch was the highest after esterification of OSA, and the peak viscosity of some starch was the highest after hydroxypropylation. No viscosity: acetylated OSA esterification and hydroxypropylation can increase the transparency of starch. The waxy starch has the largest increase in esterification with OSA, the largest increase in the esterification of potato in acetate, and the largest increase in hydroxypropylation in the remaining starch. The cross-linking decreased the transparency of all starch, the esterification of acetylated OSA and hydroxypropylation increased the anticoagulability of starch, and no matter which raw material was modified by OSA, the esterification of starch was the best. The freeze-thaw stability of starch increased after acetylated OSA esterification and hydroxypropylation, and the degree of improvement of different starch was different, among which hydroxypropyl modification could improve the freeze-thaw stability of starch. The results showed that acetylation, octenyl succinate esterification, hydroxypropyl etherification and crosslinking could decrease the RDS content and increase the RS content of starch. The RS content of starch was increased by hydroxypropyl etherification and crosslinked octenyl succinic acid esterification, and there was a slight difference among some starch, among which octenyl succinic acid esterification mainly increased the SDS content of starch. Finally, 60 C57BL / 6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of serum and liver were measured after 12 weeks of free feeding in (CL), high fat group (control group), in which sweet potato raw starch (HF-SPS), hydroxypropyl cross-linked sweet potato starch (HF-HPCL-SPS) and cross-linked esterified sweet potato starch (HF-CLOSA-SPS) were added to (HF), high-fat diet of control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT). The results showed that the activity of T-AOC and GSH-Px in the serum of HF group increased significantly (P0.05) the activity of cat increased and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the group of HF-HPCL-SP compared with the group of HF. The activity of T-AOC in liver was significantly increased (P0.05). (P0.05) the activity of GSH-Px did not change significantly. The concentration of T-AOC decreased significantly (P0.05). Compared with the group of HF, the activity of T-AOC in serum increased and the concentration of T-AOC decreased. The activity of T-AOC in liver was significantly increased (P0.05). Considering that both compound modified starch HP-CL and CL-OSA can improve the level of oxidative stress in mice with high fat diet, HP-CL can improve the effect of HP-CL better than that of CL-OSA..
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TS235;R151.2

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