【摘要】：1.概述了量子點的基本物理特性、有機相和水相合成方法、表面修飾方法,及其在分析科學和生物醫(yī)學領域的應用及毒理效應的研究現(xiàn)狀與進展。在此基礎上,提出了本文的研究構(gòu)想。 2.采用水熱合成法,分別以N-乙�；�-L-半胱氨酸(NAC)和巰基丙酸(MPA)為穩(wěn)定劑,制備出不同粒徑的高質(zhì)量碲化鎘(CdTe)量子點。利用紫外可見吸收光譜、熒光光譜、傅立葉變換紅外光譜和透射電鏡等手段對所制備的NAC/MPA-CdTe QDs進行了表征。結(jié)果表明,所制備的量子點粒徑分布均一,紫外吸收譜寬而連續(xù),熒光發(fā)射峰窄且對稱,發(fā)射范圍幾乎覆蓋了整個可見區(qū)(480-760nm)。通過改變反應時間實現(xiàn)了對量子點熒光發(fā)射波長的調(diào)制。 3.主要利用熒光光譜法,分別研究了生理條件下CdTe量子點,CdTe/CdS核-殼量子點與細胞色素c(cytochrome c, Cyt c),以及CdTe量子點與牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin, BSA)之間的相互作用。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Cytc對不同粒徑的量子點均有顯著的熒光猝滅作用；BSA的引入則使量子點的熒光明顯增強,而量子點對BSA的熒光表現(xiàn)出明顯猝滅效應。探討了量子點對牛血清白蛋白的熒光猝滅效應、牛血清白蛋白對量子點的熒光增敏效應,以及細胞色素c對量子點熒光猝滅效應的作用機制,為進一步研究量子點與活細胞內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)之間的相互作用提供了實驗依據(jù)。 4.利用激光共聚焦顯微鏡分別研究了水溶性MPA-CdTe QD和NAC-CdTe QD與小鼠表皮黑色素細胞B16-F10、人神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤細胞SH-SY5Y的相互作用。初步結(jié)果顯示,相同條件下,MPA-CdTe QD進入細胞的能力強于NAC-CdTe QD; QD進入細胞的能力存在細胞種別依賴性；外源性物種對QD在細胞內(nèi)的分布存在一定的協(xié)同效應。為了進一步提高量子點的生物相容性,利用化學還原的BSA對水溶性CdTeQDs進行了表而修飾。由紫外光譜,熒光光譜和細胞存活率檢測實驗結(jié)果表明,變性BSA被連接到CdTe QDs表面,提高了量子點的化學穩(wěn)定性和生物相容性。此外,對不同穩(wěn)定劑(MPA, NAC和dBSA)修飾的量子點與細胞之間的相互作用進行了初步比較研究,結(jié)果表明,在相同濃度下MPA-CdTe QDs對細胞存活率影響最大,NAC-CdTe QDs對細胞存活率的影響次之,dBSA-CdTe QDs對細胞存活率的影響最小。實驗還表明紫外光照射等外部因素會增強量子點的細胞毒性。上述研究為合成高生物相容性的量子點,最大限度地抑制其細胞毒性以滿足生物醫(yī)學方面應用的要求提供了一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:1. The basic physical properties of quantum dots, organic and aqueous phase synthesis methods, surface modification methods, their applications in analytical science and biomedicine, and the research status and progress of toxicological effects are reviewed in this paper. On the basis of this, the research conception of this paper is put forward. 2. Using N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as stabilizers, high-quality cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots with different particle sizes were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The NAC/MPA-CdTe QDs was characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. The results show that the size distribution of the QDs is uniform, the UV absorption spectrum is wide and continuous, the fluorescence emission peak is narrow and symmetrical, and the emission range almost covers the whole visible region (480-760nm). The fluorescence emission wavelength of quantum dots was modulated by changing the reaction time. 3. 3. The interaction of CdTe quantum dots with cytochrome c (cytochrome c, Cyt c), and CdTe quantum dots with bovine serum albumin (BSA) under physiological conditions was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. It is found that Cytc has a significant fluorescence quenching effect on quantum dots with different particle sizes. The introduction of Cytc enhances the fluorescence of quantum dots, while the fluorescence of BSA is obviously quenched by quantum dots. The fluorescence quenching effect of quantum dot on bovine serum albumin, the fluorescence enhancement effect of bovine serum albumin on quantum dot and the mechanism of fluorescence quenching effect of cytochrome c on quantum dot were studied. It provides an experimental basis for the further study of the interaction between quantum dots and proteins in living cells. 4. The interaction of water-soluble MPA-CdTe QD and NAC-CdTe QD with mouse epidermal melanocyte B16-F10 and human glioma cell SH-SY5Y was studied by laser confocal microscopy. The preliminary results showed that the ability of MPA-CdTe QD to enter the cells was stronger than that of NAC-CdTe QD under the same conditions, and the ability of QD to enter the cells was species dependent, and there was a synergistic effect of exogenous species on the distribution of QD in the cells. In order to further improve the biocompatibility of quantum dots, chemically reduced BSA was used to modify water-soluble CdTeQDs. The results of UV spectra, fluorescence spectra and cell survival test show that denatured BSA is connected to the surface of CdTe QDs, which improves the chemical stability and biocompatibility of QDs. In addition, the interaction between QDs modified by different stabilizers, (MPA, NAC and dBSA, was studied. At the same concentration, MPA-CdTe QDs had the greatest effect on cell survival. NAC-CdTe QDs had the second best effect on cell survival, and dBSA-CdTe QDs had the least effect on cell survival. The experiments also show that external factors such as ultraviolet irradiation can enhance the cytotoxicity of quantum dots. These studies provide a theoretical basis for the synthesis of highly biocompatible quantum dots and the maximum inhibition of their cytotoxicity to meet the requirements of biomedical applications.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R114

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