【摘要】：目的編制《青春期兒童生活質(zhì)量量表》,為青春期兒童生活質(zhì)量測(cè)量工具的進(jìn)一步開發(fā)提供依據(jù);測(cè)定和比較青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童和非提前兒童生活質(zhì)量,探討青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量的影響因素,為其生活質(zhì)量的干預(yù)提供依據(jù)。方法1.結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)查閱和小組討論形成量表初始條目池;選取5年級(jí)1個(gè)班學(xué)生進(jìn)行小范圍測(cè)試,確定初始量表;選取4-8年級(jí)共511人進(jìn)行預(yù)調(diào)查,采取7種條目篩選方法和探索性因子分析對(duì)初始量表進(jìn)行條目篩選,形成正式測(cè)試量表,并對(duì)其可行性、信度和效度進(jìn)行初步考評(píng)。2.采用分層整群抽樣方法,從重慶某區(qū)選取城鄉(xiāng)的中小學(xué)各2所(共8所學(xué)校),包括4-9年級(jí)共3486名學(xué)生,運(yùn)用《青春期兒童生活質(zhì)量量表》、《青春期發(fā)育事件自評(píng)量表(PDS)》等進(jìn)行現(xiàn)況調(diào)查,并懫用多元逐步回歸分析影響青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量的因素。結(jié)果通過(guò)條目專業(yè)篩選和統(tǒng)計(jì)篩選后,形成包含生理、心理、社會(huì)和青春期4維度10個(gè)因子共39個(gè)條目組成的《青春期兒童生活質(zhì)量量表》。初步考評(píng)結(jié)果顯示,總量表和4個(gè)維度的Cronbach’sα系數(shù)分別為0.89、0.81、0.77、0.85和0.64;總量表和4個(gè)維度的重測(cè)相關(guān)系數(shù)(Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù))分別為0.88、0.76、0.78、0.82和0.72;驗(yàn)證性因子分析表明模型擬合良好,χ2/df=4.24,CFI=0.95、NFI=0.94、NNFI=0.92、GFI=0.96、AGFI=0.92、RMSEA=0.08;以“兒少主觀生活質(zhì)量量表”為效標(biāo)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),量表總分與效標(biāo)總分的相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.76。現(xiàn)況調(diào)查顯示,在調(diào)查的3486名4-9年級(jí)學(xué)生中,青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前、正常、延遲兒童檢出率分別為20.0%、64.1%和15.9%;青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量總分(134.99±18.75)低于正常兒童(139.64±18.71)和延遲兒童(139.73±17.52)(P0.05),除青春期維度得分提前組(20.29±3.88)和正常組(20.07±3.76)高于延遲組(19.70±3.68)(P0.05),其余3個(gè)維度得分均是提前組低于正常組和延遲組(P值均0.05)。單因素分析結(jié)果表明,父母文化程度、家庭關(guān)系、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、學(xué)校環(huán)境、親密朋友數(shù)量等15個(gè)因素對(duì)提前組兒童生活質(zhì)量有影響。多元逐步回歸分析顯示,抑郁、家庭關(guān)系差、親密朋友數(shù)量少和青春期態(tài)度得分低是影響青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量的主要因素。結(jié)論《青春期兒童生活質(zhì)量量表》的初步考評(píng)具有較好的信效度,可以作為正式評(píng)價(jià)青春發(fā)育期兒童生活質(zhì)量的測(cè)定工具。青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量低于正常和延遲兒童,在提高青春發(fā)動(dòng)時(shí)相提前兒童生活質(zhì)量的過(guò)程中,可以考慮從改善抑郁、家庭關(guān)系、親密朋友數(shù)量和提高青春期態(tài)度得分等方面著手。
[Abstract]:Objective to develop the quality of Life scale for Adolescent Children (QOL), to provide the basis for the further development of quality of life measurement tools for adolescent children, and to measure and compare the quality of life of early and unadvanced children at the onset of adolescence. To explore the influencing factors of children's quality of life in early stage of youth initiation, and to provide basis for the intervention of quality of life. Method 1. Combined with literature review and group discussion to form the initial item pool of the scale; to select a class of grade 5 students for a small range test to determine the initial scale; 4-8 grades of a total of 511 people to carry out a pre-survey, In this paper, seven item screening methods and exploratory factor analysis were used to screen the initial scale, and the formal test scale was formed, and the feasibility, reliability and validity of the scale were preliminarily evaluated. 2. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 primary and rural primary and secondary schools (8 schools), including 3486 students in grades 4-9, from a certain district in Chongqing. The quality of life (QOL) of adolescent children was investigated by using the quality of Life scale (QOL) of Adolescent Children and the Self-Rating scale of Developmental events during adolescence (PDS), and the factors influencing the quality of life of children at the onset of adolescence were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results the quality of Life scale for Adolescent Children (QOL) composed of 10 factors including physiological psychological social and adolescent dimensions was formed after professional and statistical screening. Preliminary assessment results show that The Cronbach's 偽 coefficients of the total table and the four dimensions were 0.89 / 0.81 / 0.770.85 and 0.64, respectively; the Pearson correlation coefficients of the total table and the four dimensions were 0.880.760.780.82 and 0.72 respectively. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well, 蠂 ~ 2 / df4.24CFI0.95NFI0.94NNFI0.92GF-I0.902. The quality of Life scale was used to evaluate the quality of life. The correlation coefficient between the total score of the scale and the total score of the scale was 0.76. According to the survey, among the 3486 students in grades 4-9, the period of youth initiation was early and normal. The detection rate of delayed children was 20.041% and 15.9.The total score of quality of life (134.99 鹵18.75) was lower than that of normal children (139.64 鹵18.71) and retarded children (139.73 鹵17.52) (P0.05), except that the scores of early puberty dimension (20.29 鹵3.88) and normal subjects (20.07 鹵3.76) were higher than those of delayed children (19.70 鹵3.68) (P0.05). The dimension scores were lower in the early group than in the normal group and the delayed group (P < 0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that 15 factors, such as parents' education level, family relationship, academic achievement, school environment and number of close friends, had an effect on the quality of life of children in advance group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that depression, poor family relationship, low number of close friends and low score of puberty attitude were the main factors affecting children's quality of life. Conclusion the preliminary evaluation of the quality of Life scale for Adolescent Children has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool for evaluating the quality of life of children in puberty. In the process of improving the quality of life of children in the early stage of youth initiation, we should consider improving depression, family relations, and family relations, in the process of improving the quality of life of children in the early stage of youth initiation, which is lower than that of normal and delayed children. The number of close friends and the improvement of adolescent attitude scores and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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