發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-02 13:30

  本文選題：烹調(diào)油煙 + 臟器系數(shù)��； 參考：《福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 本研究從流行病學(xué)現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和亞慢性動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)兩方面研究烹調(diào)油煙對女（雌）性的性腺毒性作用。 方法 1、流行病學(xué)調(diào)查 采用生殖流行病學(xué)調(diào)查方法，按照統(tǒng)一的婦女生殖健康調(diào)查表，整群抽樣的方法抽取某社區(qū)女性廚師152名為暴露組，選擇該社區(qū)超市（在家沒有煮飯的女性）608名作為對照組。 2、亞慢性動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn) 選用清潔級Wistar雌性大鼠50只，按體重隨機(jī)分為5組，每組10只，，全身暴露烹調(diào)油煙，連續(xù)56天，按每天暴露時(shí)間分為低劑量組（0.5小時(shí)/天）、中劑量組（1小時(shí)/天）、高劑量組（2小時(shí)/天）、極高劑量組（4小時(shí)/天）及空白對照組（不做任何處理），第43天開始觀察大鼠動(dòng)情周期的變化。暴露結(jié)束后待大鼠處于動(dòng)情期時(shí)取血清、卵巢和子宮，檢測卵巢濕重及臟器系數(shù)、子宮濕重及臟器系數(shù)、各級卵泡數(shù)目構(gòu)成比和卵巢細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)、性激素等。 結(jié)果 1、流行病學(xué)調(diào)查 烹調(diào)油煙暴露組女工經(jīng)量異常、妊娠高血壓、早產(chǎn)、自然流產(chǎn)、先天畸形等的檢出率高于對照組(P0.05)；而腹痛、嗜睡失眠、惡心、妊娠貧血、妊娠劇吐、過期產(chǎn)等檢出率兩組間差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 2、亞慢性動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn) 各劑量組染毒后體重差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義，體重增加值高于對照組（p0.05）；各劑量組卵巢濕重和臟器系數(shù)與對照組比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；各劑量組子宮濕重和臟器系數(shù)與對照組比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；極高劑量組的動(dòng)情后期時(shí)間長于對照組（P0.05）；極高劑量組的原始卵泡的數(shù)目構(gòu)成比顯著低于對照組（p0.01）,低劑量組的閉鎖卵泡的數(shù)目構(gòu)成比顯著高于對照組（p0.05），極高劑量組的黃、白體數(shù)目構(gòu)成比顯著高于對照組（p0.01）。透射電鏡觀察各劑量組卵巢生殖細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變。低劑量組LH水平顯著下降而極高劑量組LH水平顯著上升，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.01)；低劑量組P4水平顯著上升，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.01）；低、中劑量組E2水平顯著顯著上升而極高劑量組E2水平顯著下降，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05）。 結(jié)論 烹調(diào)油煙暴露可使女性月經(jīng)先兆狀況、月經(jīng)經(jīng)量異常、妊娠高血壓、早產(chǎn)、自然流產(chǎn)、先天畸形的發(fā)生率增加。在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下，烹調(diào)油煙使動(dòng)情后期時(shí)間延長，各級卵泡的數(shù)目構(gòu)成比和卵巢生殖細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變，性激素水平改變。因此，烹調(diào)油煙對女（雌）性的性腺有一定的毒性作用。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the gonadal toxicity of cooking oil fume on female (female) from two aspects of epidemiological investigation and subchronic animal experiment. Methods 1. The method of reproductive epidemiology survey was used to select 152 female cooks from a community as exposure group according to the unified questionnaire of women's reproductive health and cluster sampling. 608 women from the community supermarket (women without cooking at home) were selected as the control group. 2. Fifty female Wistar rats of clean grade were selected in the subchronic animal experiment. They were randomly divided into 5 groups according to their body weight, 10 rats in each group. Whole body exposure cooking oil fumes, 56 days in a row, According to daily exposure time, they were divided into low dose group (0.5 hours / day), middle dose group (1 hour / day), high dose group (2 hours / day), very high dose group (4 hours / day) and blank control group (no treatment). To observe the change of estrus cycle in rats. Serum, ovary and uterus were taken from rats in estrous period after exposure. The wet weight of ovary and organ coefficient, uterine wet weight and organ coefficient, ratio of follicle number of different grades, ultrastructure of ovarian cell, sex hormone and so on were detected. Results 1. The prevalence of abnormal quantity, pregnancy hypertension, premature delivery, spontaneous abortion and congenital malformation of female workers in cooking oil fume exposure group was higher than that in control group (P0.05), but abdominal pain, sleepiness, insomnia, nausea, etc. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the detection rate of anemia, hyperemesis, and late delivery (P0.05). 2. There was no significant difference in body weight after exposure to each dose of subchronic animal experiment, and the weight gain was higher than that in the control group (p0.05). The ovarian wet weight and organ coefficient of each dose group had no statistical significance compared with the control group; the uterine wet weight and organ coefficient of each dose group had no statistical significance compared with the control group; the estrus late period of the extremely high dose group was longer than that of the control group (P0.05). The ratio of the number of primary follicles in the very high dose group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p0.01), the ratio of the number of atretic follicles in the low dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p0.05), and the ratio of the number of yellow and white bodies in the extremely high dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p0.01). The ultrastructure of ovarian germ cells in each dose group was observed by transmission electron microscope. The LH level in the low dose group decreased significantly while that in the very high dose group increased significantly (P0.01), while the P4 level in the low dose group increased significantly (P0.01), the difference was significant in the low dose group (P0.01), the difference was significant in the low dose group (P0.01). The level of E 2 in middle dose group increased significantly while that in very high dose group decreased significantly (P0.05). Conclusion Cooking oil smoke exposure can increase the incidence of menstrual precursor, menstrual volume abnormality, pregnancy hypertension, premature delivery, spontaneous abortion and congenital malformation. In this experiment, cooking oil fume prolonged the estrus, the ratio of the number of follicles, the ultrastructure of ovarian germ cells, and the level of sex hormone. Therefore, cooking oil fumes have a certain toxic effect on female (female) gonads.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R114

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