本文選題：兒童青少年 + 形態(tài)�。� 參考：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 對2005年和2010年安徽省7-18歲兒童青少年體質(zhì)狀況、身體發(fā)育水平進(jìn)行描述、分析,探討安徽省兒童青少年身體發(fā)育規(guī)律及可能存在的問題,為安徽省兒童青少年的培養(yǎng)和健康教育提供依據(jù)。 方法 本次課題利用2005年和2010年全國學(xué)生體質(zhì)與健康調(diào)研項(xiàng)目中的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)、資料和方法,以安徽省7-18兒童青少年作為研究對象,采取分層整群抽樣方法,首先按照城鄉(xiāng)分層,確定調(diào)研學(xué)校,再以年級分層,以教學(xué)班為單位隨機(jī)整群抽取,共選入16141人(其中2005年7200人,2010年8941人),以SPSS16.0建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。分析指標(biāo)包括：形態(tài)指標(biāo)(身高、體重、胸圍)、生理功能指標(biāo)(脈搏、肺活量)、身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)(50米跑、立定跳遠(yuǎn)、50米×8往返跑、800米跑、1000米跑、斜身引體、引體向上、仰臥起坐、立體前屈)。 結(jié)果 與2005年比較,2010年安徽省7-18兒童青少年樣本的身體發(fā)育狀況如下：1身體形態(tài)的生長發(fā)育水平有不同程度的提高,城鄉(xiāng)男女生各年齡組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。按照城男、鄉(xiāng)男、城女、鄉(xiāng)女次序,各年齡組身高增長率波動范圍依次為：-0.04%-2.28%、0.91%-4.76%、-0.43%-2.31%、0.05%-4.79%；體重增長率波動范圍依次為：2.12%-13.22%、4.73%-20.59%、-2.00%-10.72%、0.12%-18.94%；胸圍增長率波動范圍依次為：-1.95%-4.36%、0.13%-6.40%、0.87%-3.85%、1.45%-4.74%；BMI指數(shù)增長率波動范圍依次為：1.99%-8.40%、2.96%-11.95%、-1.42%-5.46%、0.75%-8.80%；維爾維克指數(shù)增長率波動范圍依次為：-0.20%-5.12%、1.10%-7.01%、0.05%-3.76%、0.75%-5.23%。 2身體機(jī)能生長水平有所下降,且城鄉(xiāng)男女生各年齡組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。按照城男、鄉(xiāng)男、城女、鄉(xiāng)女次序,各年齡組脈搏增長率波動范圍依次為：1.91%-10.06%、-4.61%-2.25%、-0.70%-5.88%、-6.32%-3.89%；肺活量增長率波動范圍依次為：-10.80%--2.00%、-21.30%--4.70%、-16.90%--2.00%、-9.80%-3.80%；肺活量體重指數(shù)增長率波動范圍依次為：-17.10%-5.50%、-21.70%--4.70%、-21.33%--6.51%、-19.70%--7.50%。 3身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)除身體柔韌性明顯提高,其他幾項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均有不同程度的下降,城鄉(xiāng)男女生各年齡組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。按照城男、鄉(xiāng)男、城女、鄉(xiāng)女次序,各年齡組短跑成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-3.03%-7.93%、2.88%～27.44%、-18.07%--4.31%、-4.05%-4.08%；7-12歲各年齡組長跑成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-0.55%-6.06%、2.13%-8.26%、-1.92%-2.26%、-3.39%-1.95%；13～18歲各年齡組長跑成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：3.16%-0.49%、-8.79%-3.03%、-8.02%-0.48%、-2.11%-6.25%；下肢爆發(fā)力測試成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-5.81%--0.32%、-2.84%-5.62%、-3.16%-3.85%、-1.40%-3.65%；7-12歲各年齡組肌肉力量測試成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-22.32%～47.19%、-12.85%～28.62%、-31.5%--10.78%、-24.81%-2.62%；13-18歲各年齡組肌肉力量測試成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-21.47%-15.13%、-12.70%-56.63%、-37.04%--17.89%、-16.80%～-32.00%；各年齡組身體柔韌性測試成績平均增長率波動范圍依次為：-0.51%-43.71%、-8.43%～48.67%、3.45%～45.08%、3.45%-45.08%。 結(jié)論 本研究中所檢測的指標(biāo)可以很好的反映兒童青少年身體發(fā)育狀況,與2005年比較,2010年安徽省7-18歲各年齡組兒童青少年身體形態(tài)的生長發(fā)育水平有所提高,身體勻稱度也有所改善。大部分年齡組兒童青少年身體機(jī)能及部分身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)發(fā)育水平出現(xiàn)了下降；同時形態(tài)發(fā)育與機(jī)能、素質(zhì)發(fā)育不一致現(xiàn)象仍然存在。
[Abstract]:objective
The physical condition and physical development level of 7-18 year old children and adolescents in Anhui province in 2005 and 2010 were described and analyzed. The physical development rules and possible problems of children and adolescents in Anhui province were discussed, and the basis for the training and health education of children and adolescents in Anhui province was provided.
Method
This subject uses the data, data and methods of the national student physique and health survey in 2005 and 2010, taking 7-18 children and adolescents in Anhui as the research object, taking the stratified cluster sampling method. First, the research schools are determined according to the urban and rural stratification, and then the annual stratification is taken as the random cluster sampling in the teaching class. In 16141 people (7200 in 2005, 8941 in 2010), a database was set up by SPSS16.0 to carry out a descriptive statistical analysis. The indexes included morphological indexes (height, weight, chest circumference), physiological function index (pulse, vital capacity), physical fitness index (50 meters running, standing long jump, 50 m x 8 round-trip, 800 meter run, 1000 meter running, oblique body introduction, introduction direction. Up, sit up, stereoscopic forward bending.
Result
Compared with 2005, the physical development of 7-18 children and adolescents in Anhui province in 2010 was as follows: 1 the growth and development level of the body shape was improved in different degrees. The differences in age groups between urban and rural male and female students were statistically significant (P0.05). The fluctuation range of height growth rate in each age group was in accordance with city men, townships, city women and rural women. -0.04%-2.28%, 0.91%-4.76%, -0.43%-2.31%, 0.05%-4.79%; the fluctuation range of body weight growth rate is 2.12%-13.22%, 4.73%-20.59%, -2.00%-10.72%, 0.12%-18.94%, and the fluctuation range of the growth rate of chest circumference is in turn: -1.95%-4.36%, 0.13%-6.40%, 0.87%-3.85%, 1.45%-4.74%. 11.95%, -1.42%-5.46%, 0.75%-8.80%; the fluctuation range of the vickick index is -0.20%-5.12%, 1.10%-7.01%, 0.05%-3.76%, 0.75%-5.23%..
2 the growth level of physical function decreased, and the difference of age groups between urban and rural male and female students had statistical significance (P0.05). The fluctuation range of pulse growth rate in each age group was 1.91%-10.06%, -4.61%-2.25%, -0.70%-5.88%, -6.32%-3.89%, and the fluctuation range of vital capacity growth rate in turn was -10.80%--. 2%, -21.30%--4.70%, -16.90%--2.00%, -9.80%-3.80%; the fluctuation range of the growth rate of the vital body mass index was -17.10%-5.50%, -21.70%--4.70%, -21.33%--6.51%, -19.70%--7.50%.
3 in addition to physical flexibility significantly improved, the other indicators have decreased in varying degrees. There is a significant difference between the age groups of urban and rural men and women (P0.05). According to urban men, townships, city women and rural women, the average growth rate of sprint in each age group is -3.03%-7.93%, 2.88% to 27.44%, -18.07%--4 .31%, -4.05%-4.08%; the average growth rate fluctuation range of the 7-12 year old age groups was -0.55%-6.06%, 2.13%-8.26%, -1.92%-2.26%, -3.39%-1.95%, and the average growth rate fluctuation range of the 13~18 year old age groups was 3.16%-0.49%, -8.79%-3.03%, -8.02%-0.48%, -2.11%-6.25%; the lower extremity explosive force test results were flat. The average growth rate fluctuated in order of -5.81%--0.32%, -2.84%-5.62%, -3.16%-3.85%, -1.40%-3.65%, and the average growth rate of muscle strength test in each age group of 7-12 years was -22.32% to 47.19%, -12.85% to 28.62%, -31.5%--10.78%, -24.81%-2.62%, and the average growth rate of muscle strength test in all age groups at 13-18 years old. The fluctuation range is: -21.47%-15.13%, -12.70%-56.63%, -37.04%--17.89%, -16.80% to -32.00%, and the average growth rate fluctuation range of the body flexibility test results in each age group is -0.51%-43.71%, -8.43% to 48.67%, 3.45% ~ 45.08%, 3.45%-45.08%.
conclusion
The indicators detected in this study can well reflect the physical development of children and adolescents. Compared with 2005, the body shape growth and development level of children and adolescents in the age groups of 7-18 years in Anhui province were improved and the body proportioned degree was improved in 2010. The developmental level of the marker decreased, while the morphological development and function and quality development were not consistent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R179

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