本文選題：燕窩 + 唾液酸��； 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：燕窩為雄性的金絲燕于繁殖期通過以其唾液為主,摻雜少許羽毛、苔蘚等其他物質(zhì)筑成的鳥巢,極具食用價(jià)值。研究表明燕窩中主要營養(yǎng)成分為唾液酸、蛋白質(zhì)、還原糖和水,幾乎不含脂肪。目前對(duì)燕窩功效的研究主要集中在抗病毒、抗衰老、抗氧化以及增加骨骼強(qiáng)度這些方面。未有燕窩對(duì)孕期母體免疫功能和受乳子代益智功能的相關(guān)研究報(bào)道。本研究對(duì)孕期、哺乳期和孕乳期雌性小鼠灌胃多種劑量燕窩勻漿物,分析雌性小鼠的乳汁內(nèi)游離唾液酸和與低聚糖結(jié)合唾液酸、與蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)合唾液酸以及唾液酸總量,并在母鼠產(chǎn)仔后對(duì)其泌乳量狀況進(jìn)行測(cè)算,以分析乳鼠獲得營養(yǎng)的狀況;通過測(cè)定哺乳后母鼠胸腺指數(shù)、脾臟指數(shù)和白介素2(IL-2)含量以分析母鼠攝入燕窩后其免疫功能的變化;通過Morris水迷宮實(shí)驗(yàn)、檢測(cè)血清和大腦中SOD活力、MDA含量等抗氧化指標(biāo)、大腦皮層和海馬中ChAT和AchE活力及神經(jīng)元計(jì)數(shù)和BDNF免疫組化染色,綜合判斷攝取燕窩的孕鼠所哺乳的乳鼠在智力水平及大腦皮層神經(jīng)元發(fā)育上的變化。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明(1)母鼠在孕期、哺乳期和孕乳期灌胃高劑量燕窩,乳汁中游離唾液酸和低聚糖結(jié)合唾液酸顯著提高,且泌乳量顯著增大。其中乳汁中游離唾液酸含量,孕乳高劑量組、孕期高劑量組顯著高于哺乳高劑量組;孕乳高劑量組泌乳量顯著高于孕期高劑量組。(2)在懷孕和哺乳期間都灌胃高劑量燕窩勻漿物的母鼠其免疫器官指數(shù)的增長最顯著,·各時(shí)期灌胃低劑量燕窩勻漿物對(duì)白介素2的含量均無顯著影響,在哺乳期或孕乳期灌胃中劑量燕窩勻漿物可顯著增加白介素2含量,只在懷孕期間灌胃則無顯著影響。與空白對(duì)照組相互比較,在各個(gè)時(shí)期灌胃高劑量燕窩勻漿物均能顯著增加白介素2含量。(3)Morris水迷宮試驗(yàn)中,高劑量組穿越目標(biāo)區(qū)域次數(shù)與第三象限滯留時(shí)間顯著高于對(duì)應(yīng)灌胃時(shí)期的中、低劑量組;而唾液酸組的穿越目標(biāo)區(qū)域次數(shù)顯著多于對(duì)應(yīng)相同灌胃時(shí)期的低劑量組、中劑量組和空白對(duì)照組,灌胃唾液酸的各組中第三象限停留時(shí)間除了孕乳組外,孕期和哺乳期灌胃組均顯著大于中劑量組、低劑量燕窩組,且顯著低于高劑量燕窩組;就灌胃高劑量各組間的第三象限停留時(shí)間比較發(fā)現(xiàn),不同時(shí)期灌胃高劑量燕窩勻漿物對(duì)仔鼠的空間記憶力并無顯著差異,但均顯著地比空白對(duì)照組要長。(4)孕乳期高劑量燕窩組中雌性小鼠所哺乳的幼崽相比空白對(duì)照組大腦和血清SOD活力相對(duì)要高,MDA含量顯著下降,幼崽大腦皮層與海馬區(qū)域ChAT活力顯著優(yōu)于空白對(duì)照組,AchE活力顯著低于空白對(duì)照組,海馬體神經(jīng)元數(shù)量和BDNF表達(dá)量相對(duì)較高;空白對(duì)照組、孕乳期灌胃唾液酸組和孕乳期高劑量組間大腦鮮重和總蛋白的含量并沒有顯著區(qū)別。綜上所述,母體在孕乳期食用高劑量燕窩可增加乳汁中游離唾液酸含量并促進(jìn)泌乳量提高。在孕、乳期間均食用高劑量燕窩的母體,斷乳后其臟器指數(shù)的增長較明顯。結(jié)合細(xì)胞因子IL-2水平可見,該組母體斷乳后機(jī)體免疫功能相對(duì)較強(qiáng)。另外,在孕、乳期間均食用燕窩的母體,其受乳子代學(xué)習(xí)記憶功能相對(duì)較強(qiáng),該功能與腦組織抗氧化功能提高及海馬神經(jīng)元發(fā)育有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The bird's nest is a male nests in the breeding period by its saliva, doped with a few feathers, moss and other material nests, which are of great edible value. The study shows that the main nutrients in the bird's nest are sialic acid, protein, reducing sugar and water, and almost no fat. Old, antioxidant, and increased bone strength. No bird's nest has been reported to study maternal immune function and lactate Dai Yizhi function during pregnancy. In this study, various doses of bird's nest homogenate were administered to female mice during pregnancy, lactation and pregnancy, and analyzed the free sialic acid and sialic acid combined with oligosaccharides in the milk of female mice. Combined with protein, sialic acid and total sialic acid were combined with protein to measure the lactation condition of the mother rat after producing the baby. To analyze the nutritional status of the milk mice, the changes in the immune function of the mother rats after the intake of the bird's nest were analyzed by the determination of the thymus index, the spleen index and the interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the mother mice. The Morris water maze was carried out. Test, test serum and brain SOD activity, MDA content and other antioxidant indicators, ChAT and AchE activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and the count of neurons and BDNF immunohistochemical staining, and synthetically determine the changes in the level of intelligence and the development of cerebral cortex neurons in the lactating mice of the pregnant rats who have taken the bird's nest. The experimental results showed that (1) the female rats were pregnant, The high dose of sialic acid and oligosaccharic acid in breast milk increased significantly in lactation and gestation period. The content of free sialic acid and lactate increased significantly. The content of free sialic acid in milk, high dose group of pregnant milk, high dose group of pregnancy was significantly higher than that of high dose group, and the lactating amount in high dose gestation group was significantly higher than that of the high dose group (2). The growth of the immune organ index of the mice with high dose of swallow nest homogenate during pregnancy and lactation was the most significant. The low dose of swallow nest homogenate had no significant effect on the content of interleukin 2 at all times. In lactation or gestation period, the dose of bird's nest homogenate could significantly increase the content of interleukin 2 and only gavage during pregnancy. There was no significant influence. Compared with the blank control group, the high dose of swallow nest homogenate could significantly increase the content of interleukin 2 at each period. (3) in the Morris water maze test, the number of high dose groups crossing the target area and the third quadrant retention time were significantly higher than the middle and low dose groups of the corresponding gavage period, while the sialic acid group crossed the order. The frequency of the standard area was significantly more than that of the low dose group corresponding to the same gavage period. In the middle dose group and the blank control group, the third quadrant residence time in each group of gavage sialic acid was significantly higher than that of the pregnant group, and the gestation and lactation groups were significantly larger than the middle dose group, and the low dose swallow nest group was significantly lower than that of the high dose bird's nest group, and the high dose of the gastric lavage group was higher than the high dose of the swallow nest group. The third quadrant residence time between the groups showed that there was no significant difference in spatial memory between the high dose of the swallow nest homogenate in different periods of time, but significantly longer than that in the blank control group. (4) the breastfeeding cubs of the female mice in the high dose bird's nest group were higher in the activity of the brain and serum SOD than in the blank control group, MDA The ChAT activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of young cubs was significantly better than that in the blank control group, and the activity of AchE was significantly lower than that in the blank control group. The number of hippocampal neurons and the expression of BDNF were relatively high, and there was no significant difference in the fresh weight and total protein content between the blank control group and the gestation period gestation sialic acid group and the high dose gestation period group. In summary, eating high dose bird's nest in pregnant milk can increase the content of free sialic acid in milk and promote the increase of lactation. In pregnancy and milk, the body index of high dose bird's nest is more obvious after weaning. In combination with the level of cytokine IL-2, the immune function of the body after weaning is relatively more than that of the mother body. In addition, the mother's bird's nest is consumed during pregnancy and milk, which is relatively strong in the learning and memory function of the milk generation, which is related to the improvement of the antioxidant function of the brain tissue and the development of the hippocampal neurons.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R151

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