本文選題：混配農(nóng)藥 + 殺蟲雙��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的：探討殺蟲雙和速滅威混配對小鼠致死以及全血膽堿酯酶活性影響的協(xié)同作用,為識別、評價和控制混配農(nóng)藥的潛在危害提供科學(xué)的依據(jù)。 研究方法：以昆明種清潔級小鼠為實驗動物,根據(jù)實驗設(shè)計進行殺蟲雙和速滅威以及聯(lián)合毒性實驗,分為四步(1)殺蟲雙單獨染毒LD50試驗；(2)速滅威單獨染毒LD50試驗；(3)殺蟲雙、速滅威混配LD50試驗；(4)殺蟲雙和速滅威混配2×3析因設(shè)計試驗。各染毒組按相應(yīng)的染毒方案以0.1ml/10g經(jīng)口灌胃染毒,染毒后觀察動物的中毒表現(xiàn),并記錄癥狀和死亡情況,利用SPSS13.0軟件中的Probit模塊概率單位回歸求出LD50,然后取血用鹽酸羥胺-三氯化鐵比色法測定膽堿酯酶活性,檢測小鼠全血膽堿酯酶(AChE)對兩種農(nóng)藥的敏感性,在此基礎(chǔ)上檢測兩種農(nóng)藥混合對膽堿酯酶(AChE)的聯(lián)合作用,通過Bliss法、Mansour法、Sun法、Finney法評價混合物的聯(lián)合作用方式。接著用2×3析因方差分析考察兩者對小鼠全血膽堿酯酶影響是否存在交互作用。 研究結(jié)果：1.實驗測得殺蟲雙經(jīng)口LD50為152.15mg/kg,速滅威經(jīng)口LD50為365.47mg/kg,殺蟲雙、速滅威1：1混配LD50為289.24mg/kg;2. Bliss法得出的增效效果(Me-Mt)=21.6%, Mansour法得出的協(xié)同毒力指數(shù)c. f=-17.87, Sun法得出的共毒系數(shù)(CTC)=74.27, Finney法得出的增效系數(shù)=1.49,評價結(jié)果均表現(xiàn)為毒性相加作用；3.殺蟲雙單劑各染毒組小鼠全血膽堿酯酶活性均低于正常生理鹽水組,差別有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),膽堿酯酶抑制率最低3.00%,最高35.19%；速滅威單劑各染毒組膽堿酯酶活性均低于正常生理鹽水組(P0.01)；膽堿酯酶抑制率最低12.96%,最高42.22%；殺蟲雙與速滅威1：1混配各染毒組小鼠全血膽堿酯酶活性也低于正常生理鹽水組(P0.05),膽堿酯酶抑制率最低15.12%,最高達到45.75%；4.殺蟲雙和速滅威混配2×3析因設(shè)計試驗揭示兩者對小鼠膽堿酯酶影響存在交互作用,可認為殺蟲雙100%LD50劑量和速滅威100%LD5。劑量組合時,對小鼠毒性最大,對小鼠全血膽堿酯酶抑制作用最強。 結(jié)論：1.殺蟲雙和速滅威屬于中毒農(nóng)藥,對小鼠全血膽堿酯酶活性均有不同程度的抑制；2.本課題宜采用Bliss法和Mansour法評價混劑的聯(lián)合毒力；3.混配后對膽堿酯酶活性抑制更明顯,2×3析因設(shè)計試驗揭示兩者對小鼠膽堿酯酶影響存在交互作用,兩者混配的急性毒性為聯(lián)合相加作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the synergistic effect of the mixture of diethoxifen and tachyxonil on the lethal and whole blood cholinesterase activity in mice, and to provide scientific basis for identifying, evaluating and controlling the potential harm of mixed pesticides. Methods: Kunming clean mice were used as experimental animals. According to the experimental design, the experimental results were divided into four steps, I. e., LD50 test with diethoxifen alone and combined toxicity test. It was divided into two groups: LD50 test with two insecticides alone and LD50 test with broxuvir alone. 2 脳 3 factorial design test was used to test the mixture of two insecticides and two kinds of fast diethyldimethylidene (LD50 test) and 2 脳 3 factorial test. According to the corresponding scheme, each group was administrated orally with 0.1ml/10g, and the symptoms and death of the animals were recorded. LD50 was obtained by using the Probit module probabilistic unit regression in SPSS13.0 software, then the activity of cholinesterase was determined by hydroxylamine hydrochloride ferric chloride colorimetry, and the sensitivity of mice whole blood cholinesterase (ache) to two pesticides was detected. On this basis, the combined effect of two pesticides on cholinesterase (ache) was detected, and the combined action of the mixture was evaluated by Bliss and Sun / Finney methods. Then 2 脳 3 factorial variance analysis was used to investigate whether there was interaction between them on the whole blood cholinesterase of mice. The result of the study was: 1. The results showed that the oral LD50 was 152.15 mg / kg, the oral LD50 was 365.47 mg / kg, and the LD50 was 289.24 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-2). The synergistic effect obtained by Bliss method was 21. 6, the synergistic virulence index by Mansour method was C. ff-17.87, the cotoxicity coefficient by Sun method was 74.27, and the synergism coefficient by Finney method was 1. 49. The evaluation results showed that toxicity additive effect was 3%. The activity of cholinesterase in the whole blood of the mice exposed to the insecticide alone was lower than that of the normal saline group. The inhibitory rate of cholinesterase was the lowest 3.00 and the highest was 35.19. The activity of cholinesterase was lower than that of normal saline group (P 0.01); the inhibition rate of cholinesterase was the lowest 12.96% and the highest 42.22%. The whole blood cholinesterase activity of mice exposed to each dose was also lower than that of normal saline group (P 0.05), and the inhibition rate of cholinesterase was 15.12%, the highest was 45.75%. The experimental results of 2 脳 3 factorial design showed that there was interaction between the two groups on cholinesterase in mice. It was suggested that the dose of 100%LD50 and LD5 could be considered. When the dose was combined, the toxicity was greatest in mice and the inhibitory effect on cholinesterase in whole blood was strongest. Conclusion 1. It is a toxic pesticide and has different degree of inhibition on cholinesterase activity in whole blood of mice. In this paper, Bliss method and Mansour method should be used to evaluate the combined virulence of the mixture. The inhibitory effect on cholinesterase activity of mice was more obvious after mixing. The results of 2 脳 3 factorial design showed that there was interaction between them on cholinesterase activity in mice, and the acute toxicity of the two mixtures was a combined additive effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R114

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