本文選題：病態(tài)建筑綜合征 + 裝飾材料　； 參考：《環(huán)境與職業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年09期

【摘要】：[目的]分析上海地區(qū)幼兒家庭居民病態(tài)建筑綜合征癥狀報(bào)告率與住宅室內(nèi)裝修及裝修材料的關(guān)系,為提高居民生活質(zhì)量和室內(nèi)污染管控提供基礎(chǔ)資料。[方法]利用2011—2012年在上海市5個(gè)行政區(qū)開展的"中國室內(nèi)健康與兒童健康研究"中對(duì)幼兒家庭的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化自填式問卷調(diào)查,得到問卷填寫者(幼兒家長)的個(gè)人信息、病態(tài)建筑綜合征的癥狀和住宅特性;采用卡方檢驗(yàn)和多元logistic回歸模型比較癥狀報(bào)告率的差異和發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。[結(jié)果]獲得有效問卷12 190份。83.2%的調(diào)查對(duì)象在問卷前三個(gè)月曾出現(xiàn)疲勞等一般性癥狀;69.4%報(bào)告曾出現(xiàn)咳嗽等黏膜性癥狀;38.7%曾出現(xiàn)面部干燥紅暈等皮膚性癥狀。使用不同地板裝飾材料和墻面材料的調(diào)查對(duì)象的三類癥狀報(bào)告率均存在明顯差異(均P0.05)。與使用其他材料相比,使用復(fù)合木地板作為地板材料或使用乳膠漆作為墻面材料的家庭中三類癥狀報(bào)告率均為最高。調(diào)整性別、年齡和吸煙行為等潛在混雜因素后,以水泥地板和石灰墻面分別作為參考,發(fā)現(xiàn)使用復(fù)合木地板(OR及其95%CI,后同:1.83,1.24~2.72)、實(shí)木地板(1.52,1.14~2.02)和聚氯乙烯地板(2.08,1.06~4.10)以及乳膠漆墻面(1.46,1.16~1.83)和油漆墻面(1.55,1.18~2.04)的調(diào)查對(duì)象的一般性癥狀發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高。與未裝修相比,在母親生育1年以后住宅添置新家具或裝修的調(diào)查對(duì)象的三類癥狀發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)均明顯較高(均P0.05),三類癥狀的AOR及95%CI分別為添置新家具:150(1.28~1.75)、1.38(1.23~1.56)、1.41(1.26~1.58);住宅裝修:1.42(1.16~1.75)、1.32(1.13~1.55)、1.24(1.07~1.43)。[結(jié)論]使用復(fù)合木地板、聚氯乙烯地板和乳膠漆等新型建材及在母親生育1年后住宅裝修或添置新家具可能是居民病態(tài)建筑綜合征的影響因素。
[Abstract]:[objective] to analyze the relationship between the report rate of sick building syndrome and indoor decoration and decoration materials in Shanghai area, and to provide basic data for improving the quality of life and indoor pollution control. [methods] A standardized self-filled questionnaire survey of young children's families was conducted in 5 districts of Shanghai from 2011 to 2012 to obtain the personal information of the questionnaire takers (parents of young children) in the China study on Indoor Health and Children's Health, which was conducted in 5 districts of Shanghai from 2011 to 2012. The symptoms and residential characteristics of sick building syndrome were compared by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model. [results] 12190 effective questionnaires were obtained. 83.2% of the respondents had general symptoms such as fatigue and other general symptoms in the first three months before the questionnaire. 69.4% reported that 38.7% of them had appeared cough and other mucosal symptoms and 38.7% had skin symptoms such as dry, red and halo on the face. There were significant differences in the reporting rate of three kinds of symptoms among the subjects using different floor decoration materials and metope materials (all P 0.05). Compared with other materials, three types of symptom reporting rates were highest in households using composite wood flooring as flooring materials or latex paint as wall materials. After adjusting for potential confounding factors such as gender, age and smoking behavior, concrete floors and lime walls were used as references. It was found that the general symptom risk was higher in the subjects using the composite wood flooring OR and its 95CII, followed by: 1.83% 1.242.72%, solid wood floor 1.52U 1.142.02) and poly (vinyl chloride) flooring 2.08 (1.064.10) as well as latex paint (1.46C 1.161.161.83) and paint wall (1.551.180.2.04). Compared with undecorated, the risk of occurrence of the three symptoms in the survey subjects who bought new furniture or decorated houses after one year after the mother gave birth was significantly higher (all P0.05). AOR and 95%CI of the three types of symptoms were respectively 1.38 / 1.231.231.56 / 1.41.261.58and 1.32 / 1.131.01.551.241.07/ 1.431.437.The three types of symptoms were compared with those of the subjects who had been furnished with new furnishings after one year after the birth of the mother (all P0.05) and the 95%CI of the three types of symptoms were 1.38 / 1.231.56 / 1.261.581.261.58 respectively. [conclusion] the use of composite wood flooring, PVC flooring, latex paint and other new building materials, as well as the decoration or purchase of new furniture after one year of motherhood may be the influencing factors of the resident sick building syndrome.
【作者單位】： 上海理工大學(xué)環(huán)境與建筑學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(編號(hào):51278302) 上海市教委科研創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):14ZZ132) 上海高校青年教師培養(yǎng)資助計(jì)劃(編號(hào):ZZsl15047)
【分類號(hào)】：R126.8

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