本文選題：鄰苯二甲酸酯 + 標準��； 參考：《中國疾病預防控制中心》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 臺灣塑化劑事件發(fā)生以后,民眾對鄰苯二甲酸酯類塑化劑產生恐慌。有資料表明,香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質含量較高,目前對食品用香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯管理存在爭議,因而需對香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質的污染情況以及管理措施適用性進行研究。另外,考慮到鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質除通過膳食進入機體外,還可通過皮膚接觸、呼吸系統(tǒng)進入人體,香精香料企業(yè)職工較普通人群有更多的暴露途徑,本研究對香精香料企業(yè)職工DEHP暴露情況開展風險評估,以確定香精香料企業(yè)職工是否為DEHP高暴露人群,并且推斷目前管理措施的安全性。 方法 1.采用文獻研究、對比分析法對國內外食品相關的PAEs管理措施進行研究。 2.采用問卷調查法對食品用香精香料企業(yè)PAEs污染狀況以及目前管理措施的適用性進行調查。 3.采用固相萃取法對人體尿液樣品進行前處理,超高效液相色譜-質譜聯(lián)用儀對人體尿液中DEHP代謝產物MEHP、MEHHP以及MEOHP含量進行測定。 4.采集香精香料企業(yè)職工以及普通人群尿液共127份,對其尿液中DEHP代謝產物進行測定,結合藥代動力學公式,推導人群DEHP暴露情況。通過與TDI和RfD值進行比較,科學評估目前DEHP暴露風險。 結果 1.香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯的污染來源主要來自原料,其次是生產過程以及包裝材料,超過半數(shù)的企業(yè)對工藝設備進行改進,以減少污染,所調查香精香料產品中DEHP、DBP、DINP以及總PAEs中位數(shù)分別為5.46、1.67、未檢出以及16.74mg/kg, DEHP是香精香料中污染較為嚴重的鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質。 2.本研究尿液DEHP代謝產物MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP測定方法檢出限分別為：0.78、1.18、1.051μg/L,定量限分別為：2.27、3.41、3.121μg/L,線性良好,回歸系數(shù)大于0.999,三種物質的加標回收率在76.2%-122.9%之間,RSD均小于10%,方法可靠。 3.采用本實驗方法對127份尿液樣品進行測定,香精香料企業(yè)職工和普通人群無顯著性差異,所有研究對象尿液MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP濃度中位數(shù)分別為8.8、11.58、7.86μg/g肌酐,所有研究對象DEHP每日攝入量均小于EFSA給出的TDI:50μg/kg bw/day,:2.34%研究對象超出美國EPA的參考值RfD:20μg/kg bw/day。 結論 1.目前美國、歐盟、日本以及我國對鄰苯二甲酸酯的管理主要針對食品包裝材料,對其可使用種類、使用范圍、使用量進行限制,事件發(fā)生后,為加強對鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質的管理,我國針對食品以及食品添加劑設置了臨時限量,考慮到香精香料這一食品添加劑的特殊性,衛(wèi)生部發(fā)函對食品用香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯的總量進行了規(guī)定。其他國家并未對食品及食品添加劑中鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質進行限定。我國對于鄰苯二甲酸酯的管理是與發(fā)達國家接軌的,且更為嚴格。 2.目前需加強香精香料原料、生產過程以及包裝材料中鄰苯二甲酸酯類物質的管理,以減輕污染,根據(jù)本調查中香精香料鄰苯二甲酸酯污染狀況,認為目前對于香精香料中鄰苯二甲酸酯的限量要求具有可行性,適用性較好,可滿足企業(yè)生產需要。 3.本研究尿液MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP測定方法簡便可靠,使用該方法對研究對象尿液DEHP代謝產物進行測定,推導其暴露情況,提示目前香精香料企業(yè)職工DEHP暴露情況較為安全,我國針對DEHP的管理可以保護大眾健康。下一步建議增加所評估鄰苯二甲酸酯種類并且增大樣本量,開展更具代表性的人群研究。
[Abstract]:Purpose

In addition , it is necessary to study the contamination of phthalate esters in essence and perfume and the applicability of management measures . In addition , it is necessary to study the pollution situation of phthalic acid ester substances in essence and perfume and the applicability of management measures . In addition , considering that phthalic acid ester substances can be exposed to the human body through skin contact , respiratory system can enter the human body , and the workers of perfume and perfume enterprises have more exposure way , this study evaluates the exposure of workers and workers in essence and perfume enterprises to determine whether the workers of the perfume and perfume enterprises are highly exposed to the people and deduce the safety of the current management measures .

method

1 . Literature research and comparative analysis were used to study PAEs management measures at home and abroad .

2 . The investigation of the status of PAEs pollution and the applicability of current management measures were investigated by means of questionnaire investigation .

3 . Determination of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in human urine samples by solid - phase extraction and ultra - high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry .

4 . A total of 127 workers and urine of the general population were collected for the determination of the metabolites in urine , and the exposure of the population was deduced by combining the pharmacokinetic formulas . By comparing with the values of TDI and RfD , the risk of exposure to the current is assessed by scientific evaluation .

Results

1 . The source of phthalate in essence was mainly from the raw material , followed by the production process and the packing material , more than half of the enterprises improved the process equipment to reduce the pollution . In the essence and perfume products investigated , the median number of dibutyl phthalate , DBP , DINP and total PAEs were 5.46 , 1.67 , 16.74mg / kg and 16.74mg / kg , respectively .

2 . The detection limits of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP were 0.78 , 1.18 and 1.051 渭g / L , respectively . The limits of quantitation were : 2.27 , 3.41 , 3.121 渭g / L , good linearity , regression coefficient > 0.999 , recoveries of three substances were between 76.2 % and 122.9 % , the RSD was less than 10 % , and the method was reliable .

3 . There was no significant difference in the concentrations of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in urine samples from 127 samples of urine samples . All study subjects showed that MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP were 8.8 , 11.58 and 7.86 渭g / g creatinine , respectively . The daily intake of all study subjects was less than that given by EFSA : 50 渭g / kg bw / day , and 2.34 % of subjects exceeded the US EPA reference value RfD : 20渭g / kg bw / day .

Conclusion

1 . At present , the United States , the European Union , Japan and our country ' s management of phthalic acid esters are mainly aimed at the food packaging materials . After the occurrence of the incident , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalate substances , the Ministry of Health has issued a letter to the food and food additives .

2 . At present , it is necessary to strengthen the management of the raw materials , the production process and the phthalic acid ester substances in the packaging materials to reduce the pollution . According to the pollution situation of the spice phthalate in the investigation , it is believed that the requirement of the phthalic acid ester in the essence is feasible , the applicability is good , and the production needs of the enterprise can be satisfied .

3 . The determination method of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in urine of urine is simple and reliable . This method is used to determine the metabolites of human urine and urine , and to deduce the exposure . It is suggested that the exposure situation of workers and workers is safer . In the next step , it is suggested to increase the categories of phthalate esters and increase the sample size and carry out more representative population studies .

【學位授予單位】：中國疾病預防控制中心
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R131

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