發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-22 16:21

  本文選題：長(zhǎng)壽村生態(tài)系統(tǒng) + 微量元素��； 參考：《海南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：澄邁縣位于海南島的西北部,獲得海南唯一一個(gè)“中國(guó)長(zhǎng)壽之鄉(xiāng)”稱號(hào),中國(guó)老年學(xué)會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)科學(xué)評(píng)審,授予澄邁縣“中國(guó)長(zhǎng)壽之鄉(xiāng)”的稱號(hào)。據(jù)最新統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),長(zhǎng)壽老人比例大大超出中國(guó)和聯(lián)合國(guó)“長(zhǎng)壽之鄉(xiāng)”規(guī)定的“存活百歲老人占戶籍人口比例達(dá)到7/10萬(wàn)和7.5/10萬(wàn)”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。澄邁生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)越,土質(zhì)以紅壤和沙土壤為主,富含有多種人體所必須的微量元素,產(chǎn)出的農(nóng)作物對(duì)人體健康長(zhǎng)壽有促進(jìn)作用。所有的微量元素都不能在體內(nèi)合成,完全依賴于從外界環(huán)境中攝入。因此,體內(nèi)微量元素的水平受生態(tài)環(huán)境因素等影響很大,開(kāi)展澄邁長(zhǎng)壽村生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中微量元素研究,從全量、形態(tài)分布特征等方面,闡述健康長(zhǎng)壽與土壤、飲用水、食物環(huán)境的關(guān)系,為人類健康機(jī)理的研究提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)及基礎(chǔ)理論數(shù)據(jù)。同時(shí)可進(jìn)一步提供了對(duì)澄邁的農(nóng)業(yè),工業(yè),旅游業(yè)等方面合理發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),為打造長(zhǎng)壽特色經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。 澄邁縣轄下一千多個(gè)村莊選出了“十大長(zhǎng)壽村”,這十個(gè)長(zhǎng)壽村的長(zhǎng)壽指標(biāo)均高出縣的平均指數(shù)。根據(jù)地理位置和長(zhǎng)壽老人的分布特點(diǎn)選擇了六個(gè)長(zhǎng)壽村為研究對(duì)象,采集了當(dāng)?shù)馗赝寥?6份、飲用水72份、農(nóng)作物(蔬菜與水稻各18份)、大米36份、長(zhǎng)壽老人的頭發(fā)36份以及子女輩頭發(fā)34份樣品,并測(cè)定了土壤的理化性質(zhì)。建立高壓密封消解,離子選擇性電極法測(cè)定F含量；火焰原子吸收光譜法測(cè)定Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg元素含量；電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜測(cè)定Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Sr元素含量。結(jié)果表明：采用高壓密封罐消解樣品,可得到澄清透明的樣品溶液,以離子選擇性電極法對(duì)樣品溶液測(cè)定氟,F的濃度在0.0～1.0μg·mL-1范圍內(nèi)呈良好線性關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2=0.9941,檢出限為0.06μg-m·L-1,方法的精密度RSD9%,加標(biāo)回收率在96.8%-104.2%之間；以火焰原子吸收光譜法對(duì)樣品溶液測(cè)定,Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg在其工作濃度范圍內(nèi)呈良好線性關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2都在0.994以上,檢出限為0.900ng·mL-1～0.955mg·mL-1,方法精密度RSD6%,加標(biāo)回收率在94.7%～105.4%之間；以電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜對(duì)樣品溶液測(cè)定,Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Sr在工作濃度范圍內(nèi)線性良好,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2都在0.999以上,檢出限為0.900ng·mL-1～0.955ng· mL-1,方法精密度RSD7%,加標(biāo)回收率在93.2%～102.8%之間。 根據(jù)測(cè)得的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),分析了澄邁長(zhǎng)壽村耕地土壤、飲用水、食物、老人頭發(fā)及子女輩頭發(fā)中微量元素(Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg、F、d、Co、Cr、Cu、 Ni、Pb、Sr)的含量特點(diǎn),并著重探討了居民頭發(fā)中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、F元素的分布特征。結(jié)果表明：耕地土壤中富含F(xiàn)e、Zn、F、Sr元素,Ca、Mg、Cd含量也較高,而Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Mn元素含量較低；飲用水中Mg、 Fe、Zn、Mn、Sr含量較高,其中Fe、Zn、Sr、Mg含量與土壤的一致,Cd、Pb遠(yuǎn)低于允許值,有利于健康；農(nóng)作物中富含人體必需元素Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Sr；長(zhǎng)壽老人頭發(fā)微量元素譜中,含量較為突出的是Zn、Fe、F元素,并Zn含量很穩(wěn)定。長(zhǎng)壽老人頭發(fā)元素譜中Zn的含量要高于年輕人的。 采用了BCR三步連續(xù)提取法研究Cu、Cd、Mn、Fe、Zn元素的形態(tài)及生物有效性,分析了形態(tài)含量與植物內(nèi)元素含量的相關(guān)性分析。結(jié)果表明：BCR提取法中,除了Cu元素,其他元素殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)所占比例相對(duì)較大,Cd、Mn、Zn、Cu和Fe的生物有效性有差異,其中Cd的最大,Zn、Mn、Cu居中,Fe的最小。通過(guò)生物吸收系數(shù)可看出鎂、鈣呈現(xiàn)極強(qiáng)富集性,鎘、鍶、鎳、鉻和銅為強(qiáng)富集性。鎘是有害元素,但是農(nóng)作物中的鎘含量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于食物允許值,其對(duì)居民健康就不會(huì)產(chǎn)生不良影響。各種農(nóng)作物生物吸收系數(shù)的平均值大小順序?yàn)镃dCuZn≈MnFe。 以澄邁長(zhǎng)壽老人頭發(fā)中具有特征性分布的(Ca、Zn、Mg、F、Fe、Mn)元素為對(duì)象,探索其與飲用水、食用米的相關(guān)性。根據(jù)長(zhǎng)壽村的長(zhǎng)壽信息建立數(shù)學(xué)模型得到健康評(píng)分,探討與農(nóng)作物及其土壤密切相關(guān)的元素生物吸收系數(shù)的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果表明：長(zhǎng)壽老人頭發(fā)中的鋅、氟與食用米的相關(guān)系數(shù)大于0.3,有相對(duì)顯著的相關(guān)性。小白菜中Ca的生物吸收系數(shù)與健康評(píng)分的相關(guān)系數(shù)大于0.8,呈高度相關(guān),結(jié)合著五種元素在老人頭發(fā)中的分布特征,上海青、地瓜葉可以作為澄邁長(zhǎng)壽村居民的健康源農(nóng)作物。
[Abstract]:Chengmai County, located in the northwest of Hainan Island, has won the title of the only "country of longevity in China" in Hainan. The Chinese Society for the elderly has been awarded the title of "the hometown of longevity in China" in Chengmai county. According to the latest statistics, the proportion of longevity and elderly people is much more than the "live centenarians" in China and the "hometown of longevity" of the United Nations. The proportion of household registered population reaches the standard of 7/10 Vanward 7.5/10 million. The ecological environment of Chengmai is superior, the soil is mainly red soil and sandy soil, rich in the trace elements that have many kinds of human body, and the output of the crops can promote the health and longevity of the human body. All the trace elements can not be synthesized in the body and are completely dependent on the external environment. Therefore, the level of trace elements in the body is greatly influenced by the ecological and environmental factors. The study of trace elements in the ecological system of Chengmai longevity village is carried out. The relationship between healthy longevity and soil, drinking water and food environment is expounded from the aspects of full quantity and morphological distribution, and the experimental basis and basic theoretical data for the research of human health mechanism are provided. At the same time, it can further provide the basis for the rational development of agriculture, industry and tourism in Chengmai, and provide a scientific basis for creating a long life characteristic economy.
The more than 1000 villages in Chengmai county have selected the "ten longevity village". The longevity indicators of the ten longevity villages are all higher than the average index of the county. According to the geographical location and the distribution characteristics of the longevity old people, six longevity villages have been selected as the research objects, and 36 local cultivated soil, 72 water drinking water, and 18 crops (vegetables and rice each) are collected. 36 meters of rice, 36 hair of long elders and 34 samples of children's hair, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were measured. High pressure sealing digestion, ion selective electrode method were established to determine the content of F; the content of Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg elements were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry; the content of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and elements were determined by ICP MS. The results show that the clear and transparent sample solution can be clarified with high pressure sealing tank. The fluorine of sample solution is determined by ion selective electrode. The concentration of F has a good linear relationship in the range of 0 ~ 1 g mL-1. The correlation coefficient is R2=0.9941, the detection limit is 0.06 Mu G-M. L-1, the precision RSD9% of the method is RSD9%, and the recovery rate of the addition standard is 96.8%-10 4.2%, with flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg have a good linear relationship, the correlation coefficient R2 is above 0.994, the detection limit is 0.900ng. ML-1 to 0.955mg mL-1, the method precision RSD6%, the recovery rate between 94.7% and 105.4%; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. For sample solution, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr are well linear in the range of working concentration, and the correlation coefficient R2 is above 0.999. The detection limit is 0.900ng mL-1 to 0.955ng mL-1. The method is precise and the recovery rate is between 93.2% and 102.8%.
Based on the measured data, the contents of the trace elements (Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg, F, D, Co, Cr, Cu, Cu, Ni, Pb) in the cultivated land of the Chengmai longevity village were analyzed. Elements, Ca, Mg, Cd content is also higher, while Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn element content is low; drinking water Mg, Fe, Zn, the content is higher than the soil. The Zn, Fe and F elements are prominent, and Zn content is very stable. The content of Zn in hair element spectrum of longevity elderly is higher than that of young people.
The morphological and bioavailability of Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe and Zn elements were studied by the continuous extraction of BCR three steps. The correlation analysis between the morphological content and the content of elements in plants was analyzed. The results showed that in the BCR extraction method, the fraction of other elements, except Cu elements, was relatively large, and the bioavailability of Cd, Mn, Zn were different. The largest, Zn, Mn, Cu in the middle, the smallest Fe. Through the biological absorption coefficient can be found that magnesium, calcium is very strong enrichment, cadmium, strontium, nickel, chromium and copper as strong enrichment. Cadmium is a harmful element, but the cadmium content in the crops is far less than the food allowable value, it does not have adverse effects on the health of the residents. The average absorption coefficient of various crops is average. The order of value is CdCuZn MnFe.
Based on the characteristic distribution (Ca, Zn, Mg, F, Fe, Mn) in the hair of Chengmai long - lived elderly, the correlation between the drinking water and the edible rice was explored. Based on the longevity information of longevity village, a mathematical model was set up to get the health score, and the correlation of the biological absorption coefficient of the elements closely related to the crops and soil was discussed. The correlation coefficient of the zinc, fluorine and edible rice in the hair of the elderly was greater than 0.3, and there was a relative significant correlation. The correlation coefficient of the biological absorption coefficient of Ca and health score in Chinese cabbage was more than 0.8, which was highly correlated, combined with the distribution characteristics of five elements in the hair of the old people, Shanghai green, and the leaves of the sweet potato can be used as the health of the residents of Chengmai longevity village. Kang Yuan crops.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R151.41;O657

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