本文選題：貧困地區(qū) + 5歲以下兒童　； 參考：《中南大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解我國農村貧困地區(qū)5歲以下兒童營養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素,為進一步開展貧困地區(qū)兒童營養(yǎng)干預提供科學依據(jù)。 方法：本調查采用多階段整群隨機抽樣方法,在我國13個省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)30個國家級貧困縣(市)隨機抽取7880名5歲以下兒童。采用問卷調查和體格測量的方法,對兒童及其看護人進行調查。調查內容包括問卷調查、身高和體重測量。采用卡方檢驗對兒童營養(yǎng)不良影響因素進行單因素分析,采用多因素非條件logistic回歸模型對兒童營養(yǎng)不良影響因素進行多因素分析。 結果：我國部分貧困地區(qū)5歲以下兒童生長遲緩率、低體重率、消瘦率分別為16.0%、7.8%、3.7%；肥胖率、超重率分別為1.2%、2.7%。 多因素非條件logistic回歸分析結果顯示：性別、年齡、民族、出生體重、出生身長、年人均收入及父母文化程度等因素與5歲以下兒童生長遲緩有關；年齡、民族、出生體重、出生身長、年人均收入父親職業(yè)、父母文化程度、兒童近兩周呼吸道感染等因素與低體重有關；年齡、出生體重、母親文化程度、母親職業(yè)、開始添加輔食年齡、兒童近兩周呼吸道感染等因素與消瘦有關；性別、年齡、出生體重、母親文化程度、開始添加輔食年齡、主要看護人等因素與肥胖有關。 結論：我國農村部分貧困地區(qū)5歲以下兒童的營養(yǎng)狀況不容樂觀,尤其是生長遲緩率、低體重率、消瘦率較高,應采取必要措施進行干預。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutritional status of children under 5 years old and its influencing factors in rural poor areas in China, and to provide scientific basis for further development of children nutrition intervention in poor areas.Methods: 7880 children under 5 years of age were randomly selected from 30 state-level poor counties (cities) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) by multi-stage cluster random sampling.Children and their caregivers were investigated by questionnaire and physical measurement.The survey included questionnaires, measurements of height and weight.Single factor analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of child malnutrition by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of child malnutrition.Results: the growth retardation rate, low body weight rate and wasting rate of children under 5 years of age in some poor areas of China were 16.0% and 7.8%, respectively, and the obesity rate and overweight rate were 1.2% and 2.7%, respectively.Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, nationality, birth weight, birth length, annual per capita income and parents' educational level were associated with stunting of children under 5 years of age, age, nationality, birth weight, and so on.Birth length, annual per capita income, father's occupation, parents' education, children's respiratory tract infection in the last two weeks were associated with low body weight, age, birth weight, mother's education level, mother's occupation, and supplementary feeding age.In recent two weeks, respiratory tract infection was associated with weight loss, gender, age, birth weight, mother's education level, supplementary feeding age, and main caregivers were related to obesity.Conclusion: the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in some rural poor areas is not optimistic, especially the rate of growth retardation, low body weight, and high rate of wasting, so we should take necessary measures to intervene.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R179

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