發(fā)布時間：2018-04-03 05:20

  本文選題：手術(shù)室　切入點：血源性職業(yè)暴露　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的： 了解長春三級甲等醫(yī)院手術(shù)室護(hù)士血源性職業(yè)暴露、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防認(rèn)知以及執(zhí)行的現(xiàn)狀，使管理層能加強認(rèn)識，提出相應(yīng)的管理對策及培訓(xùn)項目，提高護(hù)士標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防依從性，從而降低院內(nèi)感染的發(fā)生。 方法： 2012年4月到2012年7月使用方便抽樣選擇長春市3家三級甲等醫(yī)院，自制問卷對注冊護(hù)士進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防的認(rèn)知及執(zhí)行情況的調(diào)查。調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括個人基本情況、護(hù)士血源性職業(yè)暴露和職業(yè)感染的情況、手術(shù)室護(hù)士標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防的認(rèn)知情況、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防實踐情況。 結(jié)果： 本次調(diào)查共發(fā)放200份調(diào)查問卷，收回有效問卷169份，有效回收率為84.5%。在調(diào)查對象中女性占91.7%，學(xué)歷中本科人數(shù)最多有71人（43.6%）。最長34年，平均9.92±8.89年。接受過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防培訓(xùn)的護(hù)士占56.8%,未接受過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防培訓(xùn)的護(hù)士占43.2%。調(diào)查一年內(nèi)發(fā)生針刺傷大于3次46人（27.2%）。發(fā)生血源性職業(yè)暴露最主要原因是職業(yè)暴露太頻繁、防不勝防占58%，影響戴護(hù)目鏡的最主要原因是戴上不舒服占45.4%。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防認(rèn)知最高分7分，最低3分。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防執(zhí)行情況最高79分，最低分51分。年齡、護(hù)齡、文化程度、職稱等不是影響標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防認(rèn)知的因素（P0.05），培訓(xùn)情況是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防認(rèn)知的影響因素(P0.05)年齡、護(hù)齡、文化程度、職稱、被銳器刺傷次數(shù)等是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防執(zhí)行的影響因素（P0.05）。 結(jié)論： 職業(yè)暴露和職業(yè)傷害的情況比較嚴(yán)重，手術(shù)室護(hù)士對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防認(rèn)知未達(dá)到良好水平，職業(yè)防護(hù)培訓(xùn)效果不理想。年齡小、護(hù)齡低、職稱低的手術(shù)室護(hù)士標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防執(zhí)行情況好。需加大培訓(xùn)力度，讓手術(shù)室護(hù)士了解標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防方面的知識，提高護(hù)士對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)預(yù)防的重視程度，切勿知而不行，降低職業(yè)暴露發(fā)生率，，控制好醫(yī)院內(nèi)感染。
[Abstract]:Objective:To understand the present situation of blood source occupational exposure, standard prevention cognition and implementation of nurses in operating room of Grade 3A Hospital in Changchun, so as to enable management to strengthen their understanding, put forward corresponding management countermeasures and training items, and improve the compliance of nurses with standard prevention.So as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.Methods:From April 2012 to July 2012, three Grade 3A hospitals in Changchun were selected by using convenience sampling. The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the cognition and implementation of standard prevention for registered nurses.The contents of the investigation included the basic situation of individual, the occupational exposure and infection of blood source of nurses, the cognition of standard prevention of nurses in operating room, and the practice of standard prevention.Results:A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, 169 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 84.5%.Women accounted for 91.7% of the survey subjects, and the largest number of undergraduate students in the academic background was 43.6%.The longest was 34 years with an average of 9.92 鹵8.89 years.56.8 nurses received standard prevention training and 43.2 nurses did not receive standard prevention training.The needle stab injury occurred more than 3 times in 46 persons in one year.The main reason of blood-induced occupational exposure was that the occupational exposure was too frequent to prevent and the most important reason to affect wearing goggles was that it was uncomfortable to take up 45.4%.The standard preventive cognition had the highest score of 7 and the lowest of 3.Standard prevention implementation of the highest 79 points, the lowest 51 points.Age, nursing age, education level, professional title were not the factors influencing standard preventive cognition (P0.05), training situation was the influencing factor of standard preventive cognition (P0.05) age, nursing age, education level, professional title, etc.The number of punctures by sharp instruments is the influencing factor of standard prevention execution.Conclusion:The situation of occupational exposure and occupational injury was serious, the cognition of standard prevention of nurses in operating room was not good, and the effect of occupational protection training was not satisfactory.The operating room nurses with small age, low nursing age and low professional title were well implemented.It is necessary to strengthen the training to let the nurses in the operating room know the knowledge of the standard prevention, to improve the attention of the nurses to the standard prevention, not to know but not to fail, to reduce the incidence of occupational exposure and to control the nosocomial infection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R13

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