某市水源水五氯酚殘留與惡性腫瘤發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性關(guān)系的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-02-27 09:42
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 惡性腫瘤 發(fā)病率 五氯酚 環(huán)境暴露 出處:《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:目的 了解血吸蟲流行區(qū)中五氯酚(pentachlorophol,PCP)污染區(qū)的惡性腫瘤發(fā)病情況及特征,并結(jié)合該地區(qū)水源水五氯酚的殘留情況,以社區(qū)人群為基礎(chǔ),通過生態(tài)學(xué)研究的方法,分析和探討五氯酚長(zhǎng)期低劑量暴露與惡性腫瘤發(fā)病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性關(guān)系。 方法 根據(jù)2009~2012年某市國(guó)家腫瘤登記系統(tǒng)中各類惡性腫瘤的發(fā)病數(shù)據(jù),以及該市范圍內(nèi)各社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和社區(qū)衛(wèi)生室等隨訪獲得的腫瘤發(fā)病資料,按性別、發(fā)病部位、發(fā)病年齡等分類,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析腫瘤的粗發(fā)病率、標(biāo)化發(fā)病率及年齡別發(fā)病率等指標(biāo)。 采用固相萃取-氣相色譜串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜法測(cè)定該市每個(gè)水廠水樣中五氯酚殘留量,估計(jì)該地區(qū)范圍內(nèi)社區(qū)人群的五氯酚暴露水平,并以四分位區(qū)間劃分低、中、高三個(gè)暴露等級(jí)。采用內(nèi)對(duì)照形式,以低暴露區(qū)為參照,計(jì)算不同五氯酚暴露區(qū)惡性腫瘤的粗發(fā)病率、標(biāo)化發(fā)病率,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析不同暴露區(qū)惡性腫瘤發(fā)病的標(biāo)化發(fā)病率比,比較不同五氯酚暴露水平惡性腫瘤發(fā)病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性。 結(jié)果 2009~2012年共報(bào)告惡性腫瘤新發(fā)病例6750例,年平均粗發(fā)病率為233.10/10萬(wàn)(男性為298.14/10萬(wàn),女性為165.20/10萬(wàn)),年平均標(biāo)化發(fā)病率為123.77/10萬(wàn)(男性為147.78/10萬(wàn),女性為93.03/10萬(wàn)),男性發(fā)病率高于女性。50歲以上人群惡性腫瘤發(fā)病有上升趨勢(shì),70歲以后為惡性腫瘤好發(fā)年齡段。全人群惡性腫瘤發(fā)病順位前五位分別為胃癌、肺癌、食管癌、結(jié)直腸癌、肝癌。消化道癌和肺癌為該市的好發(fā)腫瘤,胃癌在男性和女性腫瘤發(fā)病均位于首位。 運(yùn)用固相萃取-氣相色譜串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜法測(cè)定地表水中五氯酚含量,五氯酚在0.1~1000μg/L濃度范圍內(nèi)線性關(guān)系良好,其相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.9996,若取水樣100ml,按此方法,最低檢測(cè)質(zhì)量濃度為1.0ng/L,方法平均回收率在91.9~109.0%,RSD均小于5%。所采水廠水樣共27份,均有五氯酚檢出,測(cè)定含量為11.21~684.00ng/L。 高暴露區(qū)惡性腫瘤發(fā)病率高于其他兩個(gè)暴露區(qū)。與低暴露區(qū)相比,中暴露區(qū)合計(jì)所有腫瘤的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比SRR為1.05,95%CI=1.01~1.10,高暴露區(qū)合計(jì)所有腫瘤的SRR為1.67,95%CI=1.60~1.74。隨著暴露等級(jí)的增加,大部分腫瘤發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有所上升。其中男性白血病(中等暴露SRR=3.95,高暴露SRR=18.83)、腦瘤(中等暴露SRR=2.04,高暴露SRR=4.90)和女性惡性淋巴瘤(中等暴露SRR=9.03,高暴露SRR=35.05)、食管癌(中等暴露SRR=1.05,高暴露SRR=3.60)的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高。此外高暴露區(qū)各年齡組發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比均高于中暴露區(qū),隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),除肺癌和肝癌外,高暴露區(qū)惡性淋巴瘤、消化道癌和乳腺癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)均有所上升。 結(jié)論 消化道癌和肺癌為研究地區(qū)的好發(fā)腫瘤,胃癌應(yīng)作為該市監(jiān)測(cè)和控制的重點(diǎn)。中老年人群是惡性腫瘤的高危人群,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)該人群的預(yù)防保健工作。 SPE-GC/MS/MS法測(cè)定地表水中五氯酚,,方法操作方便,回收率高,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中效果良好,適用于水中痕量PCP的定性、定量分析。 長(zhǎng)期低劑量五氯酚暴露與血液腫瘤、消化系統(tǒng)腫瘤、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)腫瘤發(fā)病可能相關(guān),特別是與惡性淋巴瘤、白血病、食管癌發(fā)病可能存在的一定相關(guān)性,五氯酚長(zhǎng)期低劑量的環(huán)境污染健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不可忽視。
[Abstract]:Purpose To understand the incidence and characteristics of malignant tumors in the contaminated areas of PCP in the epidemic area of Schistosoma japonicum , and to analyze and discuss the risk - related relationship between the long - term exposure of PCP and the onset of malignant tumor based on community population . method According to the incidence data of all kinds of malignant tumors in the national tumor registration system from 2009 to 2012 , and the data of cancer incidence obtained from the follow - up of community health service centers and community health centers in the city , the indexes such as the sex , the incidence part , the age of the onset and the like are classified , and the indexes such as the gross incidence rate , the standardized incidence rate and the age of the tumor are statistically analyzed . Using solid - phase extraction - gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry , the levels of PCP residues in each water sample of the city were determined , and the levels of PCP exposure in the community population were estimated . Results In 2009 ~ 2012 , 6750 new cases of malignant tumor were reported . The average annual average incidence rate was 233 . 10 / 100 000 ( male : 298.14 / 100 000 , female : 165.20 / 100000 ) . The incidence of malignant tumor was 123.77 / 100 000 ( male 147.78 / 100000 , female 93.03 / 100000 ) . The incidence of malignant tumor in the whole population was higher than that of female . The first five of the patients with malignant tumor were gastric cancer , lung cancer , esophageal cancer , colorectal cancer , liver cancer , digestive tract cancer and lung cancer . The linear relationship of PCP in surface water was determined by solid - phase extraction - gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry . The correlation coefficient was 0.9996 . The correlation coefficient was 0.9996 . If 100 ml of water sample was taken , the average recovery was 91.9 锝
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