本文關(guān)鍵詞： 拉薩 藏族 兒童青少年 體成分 生物電阻抗法　出處：《遼寧醫(yī)學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的 了解西藏拉薩市藏族兒童青少年體成分現(xiàn)狀，探討拉薩市藏族兒童青少年體成分的年齡變化趨勢及性別差異，為科學(xué)評價(jià)拉薩市藏族兒童青少年群體的體質(zhì)狀況、合理指導(dǎo)其生活方式、尋找與體成分相關(guān)疾病的危險(xiǎn)因素等提供重要的參考依據(jù)。 方法 在知情同意的情況下，隨機(jī)整群抽取拉薩市藏族7-19歲健康兒童青少年作為研究對象，其父母均為藏族，3代無族外通婚，共選取1360人(男為654例，女為706例)，應(yīng)用人體成分分析儀,對所有受試者進(jìn)行測量，測量項(xiàng)目有：身高、體重、身體總脂肪量、上肢脂肪量、下肢脂肪量、軀干脂肪量、身體總肌肉量、上肢肌肉量、下肢肌肉量、軀干肌肉量、身體水分含量、蛋白質(zhì)含量、推定骨含量。將所有結(jié)果輸入SPSS13.0軟件包，進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、方差分析和獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)等統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理。 結(jié)果 西藏拉薩市藏族兒童青少年的身高、體重、去脂體重、上肢脂肪量、下肢脂肪量、軀干脂肪量、脂肪總量、上肢脂肪率、下肢脂肪率、軀干脂肪率、體脂肪率、上肢肌肉量、下肢肌肉量、軀干肌肉量、肌肉總量、身體水分、蛋白質(zhì)含量和推定骨含量等18項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均有性別間差異（P＜0.05）。其中上肢脂肪量、下肢脂肪量、軀干脂肪量和脂肪總量4項(xiàng)衡量脂肪含量的指標(biāo)，在7-8歲時(shí)男女生差異不明顯（P＞0.05），8歲以后均顯示女生大于男生（P＜0.01）；其余10項(xiàng)指標(biāo)除骨含量外均表現(xiàn)為男生大于或等于女生；7-10歲時(shí)男女生骨含量相等，11-12歲時(shí)女生骨含量大于男生（P＜0.05），13-19歲時(shí)男生大于女生（P＜0.01）。通過對拉薩市藏族與北京市、濰坊市漢族兒童青少年體成分的比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，拉薩市藏族男生的脂肪總量和體脂率明顯小于北京市和濰坊市漢族男生（P＜0.01），比較女生各項(xiàng)，差異無顯著性意義（P＞0.05）。 結(jié)論 1.西藏藏族兒童青少年在所測各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)中，各年齡組除脂肪含量及11歲-12歲年齡段的骨含量男生低于女生外，其他各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)男生都高于或等于女生。 2.西藏藏族兒童青少年體成分隨年齡的增長發(fā)生變化，，尤其在12歲-13歲以后的各年齡組變化顯著。 3.西藏藏族兒童青少年與其他地區(qū)及民族的體成分有一定差異。
[Abstract]:Purpose. To understand the present situation of body composition of Tibetan children and adolescents in Lhasa, Tibet, and to explore the trend of age change and gender difference of body composition of Tibetan children and adolescents in Lhasa, so as to scientifically evaluate the physical condition of Tibetan children and adolescents in Lhasa. Reasonable guidance of their lifestyle and search for risk factors of diseases related to body composition provide important reference basis. Method. In the case of informed consent, random cluster sampling of healthy Tibetan children aged 7-19 years in Lhasa was carried out. Their parents were all Tibetan children who had 3 generations of non-ethnic intermarriage. A total of 1360 persons (654 males) were selected. A total of 706 female patients were measured by body composition analyzer. The measurements included height, weight, total body fat, upper limb fat, lower extremity fat, trunk fat, total body muscle volume, upper limb muscle volume, and total body weight. Lower extremity muscle volume, trunk muscle volume, body water content, protein content, bone content. All the results were input into SPSS13.0 software package for descriptive statistical analysis, variance analysis and independent sample t-test. Results. Height, weight, body fat, upper limb fat, lower extremity fat, trunk fat, total fat, upper limb fat, lower extremity fat rate, trunk fat rate, body fat rate, body fat rate, upper limb muscle mass of Tibetan children and adolescents in Lhasa, Tibet, There were gender differences in muscle volume, trunk muscle volume, total muscle volume, body moisture, protein content and presumed bone content among the 18 indexes (P < 0.05). Four measures of fat content in the trunk and the total amount of fat, The difference between male and female students at 7-8 years old was not obvious (P > 0.05) after 8 years old, the female students were larger than male students (P < 0.01), the other 10 indexes except bone content showed that the male and female students had the same bone content at 7-10 years old and the female students had higher bone content at the age of 11-12 years. At the age of 13-19, boys were larger than girls (P < 0.01). Comparing the body composition of Han children and adolescents in Weifang, it was found that the total fat content and body fat rate of Tibetan boys in Lhasa city were significantly lower than those in Beijing and Weifang Han nationality boys (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between female students and girls (P > 0.05). Conclusion. 1. Among the indexes measured by Tibetan children and adolescents in Tibet, except fat content and bone content of 11 ~ 12 years old boys were lower than girls, all other indexes were higher or equal to girls. 2. The body composition of Tibetan children and adolescents in Tibet changed with the increase of age, especially after 12 ~ 13 years old. 3. The physical composition of Tibetan children and adolescents in Tibet is different from that of other regions and ethnic groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R179

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