本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)業(yè)傷害 經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān) 影響因素　出處：《寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的了解寧夏南部山區(qū)居民農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的流行病學(xué)特點(diǎn)和探索傷害發(fā)生的原因及其影響因素，為開展我區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的預(yù)防控制工作提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。估計(jì)寧夏南部山區(qū)居民農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的疾病負(fù)擔(dān)，從而闡明農(nóng)業(yè)傷害對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和家庭的危害性，為政府部門提供決策依據(jù)。 方法采用回顧性調(diào)查方法按照統(tǒng)一的調(diào)查表、統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)調(diào)查2010年1月1日~2010年12月30日期間傷害的發(fā)生情況。對(duì)發(fā)生傷害的居民要求填寫受傷情況(包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、誰致傷、傷害原因、部位、傷情、傷后處理、傷后休息、缺勤、看護(hù)情況和治療花費(fèi))，沒有傷害的只填寫一般人口學(xué)特征及健康狀況表。采用多階段隨機(jī)抽樣方法抽取西吉、海原、同心三個(gè)縣44個(gè)鄉(xiāng)146個(gè)村2118戶家庭居民中的4611名居民作為研究對(duì)象，制作調(diào)查問卷進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查，調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)整理分析。結(jié)果本次調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的發(fā)生率為9.09%，農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的發(fā)生人次率為12.62%，其中發(fā)生過一次農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的占77.1%，發(fā)生兩次的占12.4%，三次及以上的占了10.5%。男性農(nóng)業(yè)傷害發(fā)生率高于女性，文化程度越高發(fā)生率越低，農(nóng)業(yè)傷害種類居于前五位的是刀/銳器傷、扭傷/拉傷、機(jī)動(dòng)車傷、跌倒/墜落和鈍器傷。農(nóng)業(yè)傷害發(fā)生的時(shí)間分布主要集中6-9月份，農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的發(fā)生地點(diǎn)以農(nóng)田或農(nóng)場(chǎng)最多，受傷部位中以上下肢部位為主，最主要受傷原因的是注意力不集中，受傷程度以輕微或者一般為主，發(fā)生農(nóng)業(yè)傷害后大多數(shù)人選擇了自己處理，多因素分析顯示，年齡、民族、婚姻狀況、主要職業(yè)、農(nóng)閑時(shí)從事的活動(dòng)、生產(chǎn)方式、視力、是否殘疾、是否吃藥、壓力狀況、失眠情況、服用安眠藥情況、吸煙情況、接受安全教育情況和年從事農(nóng)活月數(shù)等是農(nóng)業(yè)傷害發(fā)生的主要影響因素。發(fā)生農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的人員中就診率為3.72%，住院率為1.61%，就診人次率為4.01%，住院人次率為1.63%。直接經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)總額為489890元，人均總費(fèi)用為1169.19元，在不同的傷害種類中，直接經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)總額和醫(yī)療費(fèi)用總額居于前四位的均是機(jī)動(dòng)車傷、跌倒/墜落傷、刀/銳器傷和扭傷/拉傷。 結(jié)論農(nóng)業(yè)傷害已經(jīng)給農(nóng)村居民帶來了極大的身體傷害，同時(shí)給農(nóng)村居民帶來了極大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，農(nóng)業(yè)傷害流行病學(xué)特點(diǎn)明顯，男性、少數(shù)民族、文化程度低、離婚喪偶等農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的發(fā)生率高，在制定和采取相應(yīng)的防治措施和安全知識(shí)宣傳和普及的同時(shí)要充分考慮農(nóng)業(yè)傷害的種類、月份分布、人群特點(diǎn)及其影響因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of agricultural injuries and explore the causes and influencing factors of agricultural injuries in mountainous areas of southern Ningxia. To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of agricultural injury in our region, to estimate the disease burden of agricultural injury in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia, and to clarify the harm of agricultural injury to social economy and family. Provide decision basis for government departments. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted according to the unified questionnaire. Uniform criteria were used to investigate the occurrence of injuries during the period from January 1st 2010 to December 30th 2010. Residents who suffered injuries were required to fill in the injury (including time, location, and who caused the injury). Cause of injury, location, condition of injury, post-injury treatment, post-injury rest, absence, care and treatment costs). Only general demographic characteristics and health status were filled out without injury. The methods of multi-stage random sampling were used to select Xiji and Haiyuan. 4611 family residents of 146 villages in 44 counties of Tongxin three counties were selected as research objects, and questionnaire was made to carry out field investigation. Results the results showed that the incidence of agricultural injury was 9.09 and the incidence rate of agricultural injury was 12.62%. One agricultural injury occurred in 77.1 percent, two in 12.4, and three and more in 10.5.The incidence of agricultural injury in men was higher than that in women. The higher the education level, the lower the incidence rate. The top five types of agricultural injuries were knife / sharp injury, sprain / strain, motor vehicle injury. Fall / fall and blunt instrument injury. The time distribution of agricultural injury mainly concentrated in June-September. The agricultural injury occurred mostly in farmland or farm. The main cause of injury is focus, the degree of injury is mild or general, most people choose their own treatment after agricultural injury, multi-factor analysis shows that age, nationality, marital status. Major occupations, activities in leisure time, mode of production, vision, disability, whether to take medicine, stress, insomnia, taking sleeping pills, smoking. Safety education and the number of months of agricultural work were the main influencing factors of agricultural injury. The rate of consultation and hospitalization were 3.72 and 1.61% respectively. The total direct economic burden was 489890 yuan, the total cost per capita was 1,169.19 yuan, among the different kinds of injury, the rate of visiting the doctor was 4.01, and the rate of hospitalization was 1.630.The total direct economic burden was 489890 yuan and the total cost per capita was 1,169.19 yuan. The total direct economic burden and total medical expenses were all motor vehicle injury, fall / fall injury, knife / sharp instrument injury and sprain / strain injury. Conclusion Agricultural injury has brought great physical injury to rural residents and great economic loss to rural residents. The epidemiological characteristics of agricultural injury are obvious, male, ethnic minorities, low education level. The incidence of agricultural injuries such as divorce and widowhood is high. The types, month distribution, population characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural injuries should be taken into full consideration when formulating and adopting corresponding prevention measures and safety knowledge propaganda and popularization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R139

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