本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水痘 疾病暴發(fā)流行 疫苗 學(xué)生保健服務(wù)　出處：《中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的了解某學(xué)校一起突破性水痘暴發(fā)情況,為探討水痘減毒活疫苗保護效率和控制疫情提供參考。方法收集暴發(fā)疫情全部病例,對疫苗接種史和患病史進行回顧,計算罹患率并分析疫苗有效率。結(jié)果全部184名學(xué)生中,累計發(fā)生水痘11例(突破病例10例),無并發(fā)癥及死亡,總體罹患率6.3%,水痘疫苗總覆蓋率95.4%;1劑次和2劑次水痘減毒活疫苗接種者罹患率分別為9.0%和0,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=8.927,P=0.012);免疫史≥3年兒童出現(xiàn)突破病例是3年兒童的7.62倍(95%CI=0.943~61.617)。結(jié)論水痘減毒活疫苗高覆蓋率可降低發(fā)病率并防止重癥水痘,但接種時間≥3年后保護性降低,可能出現(xiàn)突破性病例。應(yīng)提高2劑次接種率,并適當(dāng)擴大應(yīng)急接種范圍。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the situation of a breakthrough outbreak of chickenpox in a school, and to provide a reference for exploring the protection efficiency of live attenuated varicella vaccine and controlling the epidemic situation. Methods all cases of the outbreak were collected. The history of vaccination and the history of disease were reviewed, the attack rate was calculated and the effective rate of vaccine was analyzed. Results among the 184 students, there were 11 cases of chickenpox (10 cases of breakthrough, no complication and death). The overall attack rate was 6.3 and the total coverage rate of varicella vaccine was 95.4; The attack rates of 1 dose and 2 doses of live attenuated varicella vaccine were 9.0% and 0 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 = 8.927). The number of breakthrough cases in children with immunization history 鈮，

本文編號：1469458