本文關(guān)鍵詞： 頸肩癥狀 頸肩痛 中學(xué)生 靜坐行為 視屏　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的了解中學(xué)生靜坐行為與頸肩癥狀的分布情況,分析靜坐行為與頸肩癥狀的關(guān)聯(lián),為青少年頸肩健康的促進(jìn)提供理論依據(jù)。方法本研究為橫斷面調(diào)查。2015年12月—2016年3月對(duì)沈陽、鄭州、江西(南昌、余江、德興)和深圳4個(gè)地區(qū)部分中學(xué)學(xué)生進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查。問卷包括一般人口學(xué)特征,中學(xué)學(xué)生的個(gè)人習(xí)慣,父母親脊柱健康狀況,個(gè)人脊柱健康及外傷史,看電視、用電腦、玩手機(jī)、寫家庭作業(yè)、上輔導(dǎo)班的靜坐時(shí)間,眼睛到電視機(jī)、電腦、手機(jī)或平板屏幕及書本的靜坐距離。采用χ~2檢驗(yàn)比較一般人口學(xué)特征,個(gè)人習(xí)慣,父母和個(gè)人脊柱健康,看電視、用電腦、玩手機(jī)、寫家庭作業(yè)、上輔導(dǎo)班的靜坐時(shí)間和眼睛到電視機(jī)、電腦、手機(jī)或平板屏幕及書本的靜坐距離,不同組間頸肩癥狀和頸肩疼痛癥狀的分布情況。并建立單因素和多因素二分類logistic回歸模型分析不同靜坐行為對(duì)頸肩癥狀和頸肩疼痛癥狀的影響。結(jié)果χ~2檢驗(yàn)的顯示,在不同人口學(xué)特征中,性別、年級(jí)、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件不同的中學(xué)生頸肩癥狀檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=86.121,P0.001;χ~2=152.628,P0.001;χ~2=70.351,P0.001)。在不同生活習(xí)慣中,習(xí)慣趴在桌子上睡覺、習(xí)慣體育鍛煉、習(xí)慣學(xué)習(xí)或游戲到深夜2點(diǎn)以后、習(xí)慣睡前玩手機(jī)、學(xué)業(yè)壓力不同的中學(xué)生頸肩癥狀檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=301.869,P0.001;χ~2=180.643,P0.001;χ~2=312.764,P0.001;χ~2=154.790,P0.001;χ~2=444.236,P0.001)。在既往史中,經(jīng)常有落枕現(xiàn)象、經(jīng)常感覺到咽喉疼痛或不適的中學(xué)生頸肩癥狀的檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=442.090,P0.001;χ~2=932.782,P0.001)。學(xué)習(xí)日,中學(xué)生寫家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間≥4 h、看電視時(shí)間≥4 h、使用電腦時(shí)間≥4 h、玩手機(jī)或平板時(shí)間≥4 h、上輔導(dǎo)班時(shí)間≥4 h的頸肩癥狀檢出率高于其他組,且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=330.727,P0.001;χ~2=30.885,P0.001;χ~2=22.284,P0.001;χ~2=96.256,P0.001;χ~2=51.582,P0.001);周末,中學(xué)生寫家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間、看電視時(shí)間、使用電腦時(shí)間、玩手機(jī)或平板時(shí)間、上輔導(dǎo)班時(shí)間越長頸肩癥狀的檢出率越高,且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=226.799,P0.001;χ~2=69.009,P0.001;χ~2=47.072,P0.001;χ~2=203.832,P0.001;χ~2=32.654,P0.001)。眼睛到書本、電視屏幕、電腦屏幕、手機(jī)或平板屏幕不同距離的頸肩癥狀檢出率隨著距離的增大而降低,且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=60.321,P0.001;χ~2=22.861,P0.001;χ~2=18.026,P0.001;χ~2=38.484,P0.001)。調(diào)整地區(qū)、年級(jí)、性別、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件、家族史、體育鍛煉時(shí)間及自評(píng)學(xué)業(yè)壓力后,最近3個(gè)月以來經(jīng)常持續(xù)看電視40 min以上、使用電腦40 min以上、玩手機(jī)40 min以上、做家庭作業(yè)60 min以上、端坐90 min以上、經(jīng)常平均每天端坐時(shí)間累計(jì)10 h以上(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.30~1.38;OR=1.35,95%CI:1.31~1.39;OR=1.43,95%CI:1.39~1.48;OR=1.32,95%CI:1.28~1.36;OR=1.43,95%CI:1.39~1.48;OR=1.42,95%CI:1.38~1.46)等行為增加頸肩癥狀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),且隨著頻率的增加頸肩癥狀發(fā)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。χ~2檢驗(yàn)的顯示,在不同人口學(xué)特征中,性別、年級(jí)、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件不同的中學(xué)生頸肩疼痛癥狀檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=33.017,P0.001;χ~2=115.028,P0.001;χ~2=66.414,P0.001)。在不同生活習(xí)慣中,習(xí)慣趴在桌子上睡覺、習(xí)慣體育鍛煉、習(xí)慣學(xué)習(xí)或游戲到深夜2點(diǎn)以后、習(xí)慣睡前玩手機(jī)、學(xué)業(yè)壓力不同的中學(xué)生頸肩疼痛癥狀檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=199.737,P0.001;χ~2=97.405,P0.001;χ~2=240.151,P0.001;χ~2=132.409,P0.001;χ~2=260.524,P0.001)。學(xué)習(xí)日,中學(xué)生寫家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間≥4 h、看電視時(shí)間≥4 h、使用電腦時(shí)間≥4 h、玩手機(jī)或平板時(shí)間≥4 h、上輔導(dǎo)班時(shí)間≥4 h的頸肩疼痛癥狀檢出率高于其他組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=218.769,P0.001;χ~2=57.309,P0.001;χ~2=40.662,P0.001;χ~2=78.517,P0.001;χ~2=61.600,P0.001);周末,中學(xué)生寫家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間、看電視時(shí)間、使用電腦時(shí)間、玩手機(jī)或平板時(shí)間、上輔導(dǎo)班時(shí)間越長頸肩疼痛癥狀的檢出率越高,且差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=177.843,P0.001;χ~2=33.560,P0.001;χ~2=18.452,P0.001;χ~2=93.293,P0.001;χ~2=39.878,P0.001)。眼睛到書本、電視屏幕、電腦屏幕、手機(jī)或平板屏幕不同距離的頸肩疼痛癥狀檢出率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=42.799,P0.001;χ~2=25.777,P0.001;χ~2=28.059,P0.001;χ~2=33.895,P0.001)。調(diào)整地區(qū)、年級(jí)、性別、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件、體育鍛煉時(shí)間及自評(píng)學(xué)業(yè)壓力后,最近3個(gè)月以來經(jīng)常持續(xù)看電視40 min以上、經(jīng)常持續(xù)使用電腦40 min以上、經(jīng)常持續(xù)玩手機(jī)40 min以上、經(jīng)常持續(xù)做家庭作業(yè)60 min以上、經(jīng)常持續(xù)端坐90 min以上、經(jīng)常平均每天端坐時(shí)間累計(jì)10 h以上(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.23~1.35;OR=1.29,95%CI:1.24~1.35;OR=1.44,95%CI:1.38~1.51;OR=1.33,95%CI:1.28~1.39;OR=1.45,95%CI:1.38~1.51;OR=1.44,95%CI:1.38~1.51)等行為增加頸肩疼痛癥狀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),且隨著頻率的增加頸肩疼痛癥狀發(fā)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。結(jié)論我國青少年頸肩癥狀現(xiàn)狀嚴(yán)峻,導(dǎo)致青少年頸肩癥狀的因素復(fù)雜,其中高年級(jí)、女生、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)條件差、父母和自己有脊柱健康問題、習(xí)慣高枕頭硬枕頭、習(xí)慣趴著睡覺、習(xí)慣學(xué)習(xí)或游戲?qū)е峦硭⒘?xí)慣睡前長時(shí)間玩手機(jī)、體育鍛煉時(shí)間相對(duì)較少、學(xué)業(yè)壓力大的中學(xué)生頸肩癥狀檢出率更高,且長時(shí)間、高頻率的靜坐行為是中學(xué)生患頸肩癥狀較大的危險(xiǎn)因素,建議學(xué)校和相關(guān)部門加大宣傳力度和健康教育,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生減少靜坐行為,并有效地增加體育活動(dòng)和減輕學(xué)業(yè)壓力。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the distribution of sedentary behavior and neck symptoms in middle school students, association of sedentary behavior and neck symptoms, and provide a theoretical basis for adolescent health promotion of neck and shoulder. Methods this study is a cross-sectional survey of.2015 in December March 2016 in Shenyang, Zhengzhou, Jiangxi (Nanchang, Yujiang, Dexing) conducted a questionnaire survey of middle school students in 4 areas and Shenzhen. The questionnaire included general demographic characteristics, middle school students' personal habits, parents spinal health, personal health and spinal trauma history, watching TV, playing computer, mobile phone, writers homework Shangfudaoban, meditation time, eyes to the TV, computer, mobile phone or tablet screen and the distance. The books sit x ~2 test to compare the general demographic characteristics, personal habits, spinal parents and personal health, watching TV, playing computer, mobile phone, homework, class time and meditation Eyes to the TV, computer, mobile phone or tablet screen and books in distance distribution between different groups of neck and neck and shoulder pain symptoms. And the establishment of single factor and multi factor two classification logistic regression model to analyze the effects of different sedentary behavior for neck and neck and shoulder pain symptoms and symptoms. Results the x ~2 test showed that in different demographic characteristics, gender, grade, family economic conditions of different students' neck symptoms detection rate difference was statistically significant (x ~2=86.121, P0.001 x ~2=152.628, P0.001 X;; ~2=70.351, P0.001). In different living habits, the habit of lying on the table to sleep, physical exercise habits, habits or to learn the game late into the night 2 I used to play before the mobile phone, the academic pressure of different students neck symptoms detection rate difference was statistically significant (x ~2=301.869, P0.001 x ~2=180.643; P0.001; P0.001; X ~2=15 x ~2=312.764. 4.790, P0.001; X ~2=444.236, P0.001). In the past history, often have a stiff neck phenomenon, often feel throat pain or discomfort in the neck and middle school symptoms detection rate was statistically significant (x ~2=442.090, P0.001 x ~2=932.782, P0.001;). Study on students' homework time more than 4 h, see TV time for more than 4 h, the use of computer time is more than 4 h, mobile phone or tablet to play longer than 4 h, the class time is more than 4 h neck symptoms detection rate is higher than that of other groups, and the difference was statistically significant (x ~2=330.727, P0.001 x ~2=30.885, P0.001; P0.001; ~2=22.284; X, X ~2=96.256, P0.001; X ~2=51.582, P0.001); middle school students weekend, homework time, time spent watching television, using a mobile phone or tablet computer time, play time, class time is long shoulder symptoms detection rate is higher, and the difference was statistically significant (x ~2=226.799, P0.001 x ~2=69.009, P0.001 X; ~2=; 47.072, P0.001; X ~2=203.832, P0.001 x ~2=32.654, P0.001);. Eye to books, TV screens, computer screens, mobile phone or tablet screen of different distance neck and the positive rates of symptoms decreased with increasing distance, and the difference was statistically significant (x ~2=60.321, P0.001 x ~2=22.861, P0.001 X;; ~2=18.026, P0.001; X ~2=38.484, P0.001). Adjust the area, grade, gender, family history, family economic conditions, physical exercise and self rating academic pressure, since the last 3 months constantly watching TV more than 40 min, the use of computer to play mobile phone more than 40 min, 40 min and above, do homework more than 60 min, sitting above 90 min, the average daily sitting time often accumulated more than 10 h (OR=1.34,95%CI:1.30~1.38; OR=1.35,95%CI:1.31~1.39; OR=1.43,95%CI:1.39~1.48; OR=1.32,95%CI:1.28~1.36; OR=1.43,95%CI: 1.39~1.48; OR=1.42,95%CI:1.38~1.46) and increase of neck and shoulder The risk of symptoms, and with the increase of frequency of symptoms increased. The risk of neck x ~2 test showed that in different demographic characteristics, gender, grade, family economic conditions of different students' neck and shoulder pain symptoms detection rate difference was statistically significant (x ~2=33.017, P0.001 x ~2=115.028, P0.001 X;; ~2=66.414, P0.001). In different life habit, the habit of lying on the table to sleep, physical exercise habits, habits or to learn the game late into the night after 2, used to play before the mobile phone, the middle school students of different academic pressure of neck and shoulder pain symptoms detection rate difference was statistically significant (x ~2=199.737, P0.001 x ~2=97.405, P0.001; P0.001; ~2=240.151; X, X ~2=132.409, P0.001; X ~2=260.524, P0.001). Study on middle school students homework time more than 4 h, the time of watching TV for more than 4 h, the use of computer time is more than 4 h, mobile phone or tablet to play longer than 4 h, the class time is more than 4 h The neck pain symptoms detection rate is higher than that of other groups, the difference was statistically significant (x ~2=218.769, P0.001 x ~2=57.309, P0.001; P0.001; ~2=40.662; X, X ~2=78.517, P0.001 x ~2=61.600, P0.001;); middle school students weekend, homework time, time spent watching television, using a mobile phone or tablet computer, play on time class time is long neck shoulder pain detection rate is higher, and the difference was statistically significant (x ~2=177.843, P0.001 x ~2=33.560, P0.001; P0.001; ~2=18.452; X, X ~2=93.293, P0.001; X ~2=39.878, P0.001). The eye to the books, TV screens, computer screens, mobile phone or tablet screen from neck the pain detection rate difference was statistically significant (x ~2=42.799, P0.001 x ~2=25.777, P0.001; P0.001; ~2=28.059; X, X ~2=33.895, P0.001). Adjust the area, grade, gender, family economic conditions, physical exercise and self rating academic pressure, Since the last 3 months constantly watching TV more than 40 min, often continue to use the computer for more than 40 min, often continue to play mobile phone more than 40 min, often continue to do homework more than 60 min, often sitting continued for more than 90 min, the average daily sitting time often accumulated more than 10 h (OR=1.29,95%CI:1.23~1.35; OR=1.29,95%CI:1.24~1.35; OR=1.44,95%CI:1.38~1.51; OR=1.33,95%CI:1.28~1.39; OR=1.45,95%CI:1.38~1.51 OR=1.44,95%CI:1.38~1.51); behavior such as increased risk of neck and shoulder pain symptoms, and with the increase of frequency of occurrence of neck and shoulder pain symptoms increased risk of neck symptoms. Conclusion adolescents present situation in our country is serious, cause neck symptoms in adolescents is complex, including high grade girls, family economic conditions are poor, and their parents have spinal health problems, high habits hard pillow pillow, used to sleep on their stomachs, learning habits or lead of the game late, habit Before a long time playing mobile phone, less physical exercise, the academic pressure of students higher positive rates of symptoms of neck and shoulder, and for a long time, sedentary behavior is high frequency of middle school students' neck and shoulder greater symptoms of risk factors, it is suggested that the schools and relevant departments to intensify propaganda and health education, encourage students to reduce sedentary behavior, and effectively to increase physical activity and reduce stress.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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