本文關(guān)鍵詞： 腰痛病 近紅外光譜法 肌氧飽和度 肌肉疲勞 汽車(chē)振動(dòng)　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：汽車(chē)己成為人們現(xiàn)在生活中必不可少的交通工具,但長(zhǎng)期駕駛汽車(chē)會(huì)使駕駛員因振動(dòng)環(huán)境和特定工作體位產(chǎn)生職業(yè)性腰痛病,并且隨著我國(guó)汽車(chē)保有量的不斷增長(zhǎng),后腰背出現(xiàn)疾病問(wèn)題的駕駛員數(shù)量近年來(lái)有一個(gè)顯著增長(zhǎng)。有文獻(xiàn)研究表明,駕駛員腰痛的發(fā)生與特定工作環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)有關(guān)；同時(shí)也有文獻(xiàn)指出不合理的生物力作用在腰椎上以及腰部肌肉的過(guò)度疲勞是腰痛發(fā)病的高危因數(shù)。因此研究振動(dòng)對(duì)駕駛員腰部肌肉疲勞以及腰部受力產(chǎn)生的影響具有重要意義。通過(guò)分析找出振動(dòng)頻率與駕駛員腰部受力及腰部肌肉疲勞之間的聯(lián)系,有助于增進(jìn)振動(dòng)環(huán)境對(duì)腰椎組織的影響和作用原理的認(rèn)識(shí),從而便于尋找獲得駕駛員職業(yè)性腰痛疾病的治療方法和預(yù)防措施；并可為相關(guān)人機(jī)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)提供有利參考；同時(shí)也可為汽車(chē)舒適性設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)。論文內(nèi)容主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面： 1)介紹了肌肉組織中血氧參數(shù)含義,并對(duì)用其來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)局部肌肉疲勞的可行性進(jìn)行了分析,同時(shí)闡述了用近紅外光譜法檢測(cè)人體肌氧原理。 2)使用近紅外組織血氧參數(shù)無(wú)損檢測(cè)儀(TSAH-100型)檢測(cè)駕駛員在1、3、4.5、6Hz頻率振動(dòng)下腰部肌氧參數(shù),分析其振動(dòng)響應(yīng)特性,以確定肌氧與振動(dòng)頻率之間的關(guān)系,從而確定振動(dòng)對(duì)駕駛員腰部肌肉疲勞影響。通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),1Hz頻率振動(dòng)下能夠緩解駕駛員腰部肌肉疲勞,而在余下的頻率振動(dòng)環(huán)境中會(huì)加劇駕駛員腰部肌肉疲勞,其中4.5Hz時(shí)最甚,6Hz時(shí)其次,3Hz時(shí)次之。 3)通過(guò)振動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定1、3、4.5、6Hz頻率振動(dòng)下人體腰部振動(dòng)加速度,從而推算出由振動(dòng)附加在腰部的作用力。將振動(dòng)頻率、腰部受力和肌氧變化聯(lián)系起來(lái),分析其內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián),發(fā)現(xiàn)在不同振動(dòng)頻率下附加到腰部的振動(dòng)力不同,作用在腰部肌肉上產(chǎn)生不同的生理效果,導(dǎo)致各自的肌氧飽和度變化。 4)從振動(dòng)、坐姿等方面分析了駕駛員腰痛產(chǎn)生的原因,最后根據(jù)坐姿下,振動(dòng)對(duì)駕駛員腰部肌氧及受力影響分析結(jié)果,從設(shè)計(jì)者和駕駛員自身兩方面給出了防護(hù)駕駛員腰痛的一些合理方案。
[Abstract]:Automobile has become an indispensable vehicle in people's life now, but long-term driving car will make the driver suffer from occupational low back pain due to vibration environment and specific position. And with the continuous increase of vehicle ownership in China, the number of drivers with the problem of back and back disease has increased significantly in recent years. The occurrence of the driver's low back pain is related to the vibration produced by the specific working environment. At the same time, some literatures have pointed out that the excessive fatigue of the lumbar vertebrae and the lumbar muscles is the high risk factor for the occurrence of low back pain. Therefore, the effect of vibration on the fatigue of the driver's waist muscle and the force on the waist is studied. Through the analysis to find out the relationship between vibration frequency and driver's waist force and waist muscle fatigue. It is helpful to improve the understanding of the effect of vibration environment on the lumbar vertebrae tissue and the principle of action, so as to find the treatment and preventive measures to obtain the driver's occupational low back pain disease. It can provide beneficial reference for the design and development of related man-machine products. At the same time, it can also provide the theoretical basis for automobile comfort design. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects: 1) the meaning of blood oxygen parameter in muscle tissue is introduced, and the feasibility of using it to evaluate local muscle fatigue is analyzed. At the same time, the principle of detecting human muscle muscle oxygen by near infrared spectroscopy is expounded. 2) using the Near-infrared tissue oxygen parameter nondestructive detector (TSAH-100) to detect the waist muscle oxygen parameters of the driver under the frequency vibration of 34.5Hz, and to analyze the vibration response characteristics of the driver. In order to determine the relationship between muscle oxygen and vibration frequency, and determine the impact of vibration on the driver's waist muscle fatigue. Through the data analysis, it is found that the driver's waist muscle fatigue can be alleviated under the vibration of 1 Hz frequency. But in the remaining frequency vibration environment, the fatigue of the driver's waist muscle will be aggravated, especially at 4.5 Hz and then at 6 Hz and then at 3 Hz. 3) the vibration acceleration of the human waist is determined by vibration experiment. The vibration frequency is calculated by the force attached to the waist by vibration. The relationship between waist force and muscle oxygen changes is analyzed. It is found that the vibration force attached to the waist is different under different vibration frequency, which has different physiological effects on the waist muscles. Results in the changes of muscle oxygen saturation. 4) the causes of low back pain are analyzed from the aspects of vibration and sitting posture. Finally, according to the effect of vibration on the muscle oxygen and force in the driver's waist under sitting position. Some reasonable measures to prevent low back pain of driver are given from two aspects: designer and driver themselves.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R131;U471.3

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