本文關(guān)鍵詞：飲用水中亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物的形成過程及影響因素　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 飲用水 氯胺 消毒副產(chǎn)物 二級胺 亞硝胺 吩嗪

【摘要】：亞硝胺類化合物是一類新型的飲用水消毒副產(chǎn)物,因其強(qiáng)烈的致癌性,近年來已成為飲用水消毒副產(chǎn)物研究中的一大熱點。本論文在評述了飲用水中亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物的濃度水平、分析方法及形成機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了飲用水中9種亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物的形成過程及影響因素,試圖為進(jìn)一步控制及消除飲用水中的亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物,保障人體健康提供一定理論依據(jù)。論文取得了一些有價值的研究結(jié)果： (1)開發(fā)了一種能同時高效富集飲用水中9種亞硝胺類化合物的串聯(lián)固相萃取新方法,回收率為83.6%-99.8%；同時建立了高靈敏度的LC/MS/MS檢測方法,檢測限為0.03-2.5 ng/L,有效提高了飲用水中9種亞硝胺類化合物的分析水平。 (2)發(fā)現(xiàn)9種二級胺經(jīng)氯胺化反應(yīng)均能形成對應(yīng)的亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物,轉(zhuǎn)化率為0.18%-2.3%；同時發(fā)現(xiàn)初始二苯胺濃度、氯胺濃度、pH等條件對9種亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物的形成均有一定影響,且對不同化合物的影響不一；pH是影響亞硝胺類消毒副產(chǎn)物形成的關(guān)鍵因素,亞硝基二苯胺的轉(zhuǎn)化率隨pH的增大顯著增加,由pH5時的0.2%增加至pH9時的73.5%,而亞硝基二甲胺的轉(zhuǎn)化率隨pH的增加基本不變,轉(zhuǎn)化率為1.1-2.6%。 (3)探明了新的消毒副產(chǎn)物吩嗪的形成過程、影響因素及其細(xì)胞毒性。發(fā)現(xiàn)在亞硝基二苯胺的形成過程中會產(chǎn)生另一種新的消毒副產(chǎn)物—吩嗪,其摩爾產(chǎn)率大于亞硝基二苯胺；pH對吩嗪和亞硝基二苯胺形成的影響不同,隨著pH的增大,亞硝基二苯胺的摩爾產(chǎn)率逐漸增大,而吩嗪的摩爾產(chǎn)率先增大后減少,pH6時達(dá)到最大值；吩嗪對人體膀胱癌細(xì)胞T24(IC50為0.50 mmol/L)和人體肝臟癌細(xì)胞HepG2(IC50為2.04 mmol/L)均有細(xì)胞毒性,略低于亞硝基二苯胺的IC50值(0.16 mmol/L和0.27mmol/L),但由于吩嗪的摩爾產(chǎn)率在一定條件下均高于亞硝基二苯胺,表明飲用水中的吩嗪可能會對人體產(chǎn)生不利影響。
[Abstract]:Nitrosamines are a new type of disinfection by - products of drinking water because of their strong carcinogenicity . In recent years , the formation process and influencing factors of disinfection by - products in drinking water have been reviewed . ( 1 ) A new series solid - phase extraction method is developed which can enrich 9 kinds of nitrosamines in drinking water at the same time , the recovery rate is 83.6 % - 99.8 % , and the LC / MS / MS detection method with high sensitivity is established . The detection limit is 0.03 - 2.5 ng / L , which effectively improves the analytical level of 9 nitrosamines in drinking water . ( 2 ) Nine secondary amines were found to be able to form corresponding disinfection by - products by chloramination , the conversion rate was 0.18 % - 2.3 % , and the effect of initial diphenylamine concentration , chloramine concentration and pH on 9 kinds of nitrosamines was found to be different . The conversion of nitrodiphenylamine increased significantly with the increase of pH . The conversion rate of nitrodiphenylamine increased to 73.5 % at pH 9 from 0.2 % at pH 5 , and the conversion rate was 1.1 - 2.6 % . ( 3 ) The formation process , influencing factors and cytotoxicity of the new disinfection by - products phenazine were explored . It was found that the new disinfection by - product phenazine was produced in the process of formation of dinitrodiphenylamine . The molar yield of phenazine increased gradually with the increase of pH , and the molar yield of phenazine increased gradually . The IC50 value of phenazine was higher than that of nitrite ( 0.16 mmol / L and 0.27 mmol / L ) , but the molar yield of phenazine was higher than that of dinitrodiphenylamine under certain conditions , indicating that phenazine in drinking water could have adverse effect on human body .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R123.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 陳忠林;徐冰冰;齊虹;齊飛;沈吉敏;楊磊;劉婷;;高效液相色譜測定水中痕量亞硝基二甲胺[J];中國給水排水;2007年08期

2 陳忠林;殷世忠;楊磊;劉婷;徐冰冰;;新型消毒副產(chǎn)物N-亞硝基二甲胺的研究進(jìn)展[J];中國給水排水;2007年22期

3 梁闖;徐斌;夏圣驥;高乃云;李大鵬;田富箱;;SPE/LC/MS/MS檢測水中痕量二甲基亞硝胺[J];中國給水排水;2009年14期

4 趙玉麗;李杏放;;飲用水消毒副產(chǎn)物:化學(xué)特征與毒性[J];環(huán)境化學(xué);2011年01期

5 楚文海;高乃云;;飲用水含氮消毒副產(chǎn)物NDMA的形成與去除研究進(jìn)展[J];化學(xué)通報;2009年05期

6 閭春林;劉永東;王云海;鐘儒剛;;二甲胺與亞硝酸反應(yīng)生成N,N-二甲基亞硝胺的理論研究[J];化學(xué)學(xué)報;2007年16期

，

本文編號：1422793