【摘要】：目的：篩查原發(fā)性青光眼患者40歲以上一級(jí)親屬原發(fā)性青光眼的患病情況,探討如何有效地早期發(fā)現(xiàn)原發(fā)性青光眼。 方法：邀請(qǐng)2009年5月-2010年10月在濰坊眼科醫(yī)院確診的313例原發(fā)性青光眼忠者的一級(jí)親屬(40歲)來醫(yī)院進(jìn)行視力、眼壓、裂隙燈、直接眼底鏡、眼底照相檢查,部分接受了Goldmann前房角鏡、中心30°視野檢查。 結(jié)果：計(jì)劃?rùn)z查對(duì)象1631人,實(shí)際受檢483人,受檢率為29.61%。受檢對(duì)象男性有275人,占56.94%,女性208人,占43.06%。94例原發(fā)性青光眼患者的一級(jí)親屬總患病率為7.25%。其中30例原發(fā)性開角型青光眼(POAG)患者的一級(jí)親屬患病率為11.51%；64例原發(fā)性閉角型青光眼(PACG)患者的一級(jí)親屬患病率為5.52%。原發(fā)性青光眼(原發(fā)性開角型和閉角型青光眼)和原發(fā)性閉角型青光眼(PACG)患者一級(jí)親屬的青光眼患病率隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而增高(經(jīng)線性趨勢(shì)的卡方檢驗(yàn),χ2=5.37,P=0.02),但不同年齡組間患病率差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(經(jīng)Fisher確切概率法,P=0.08)；原發(fā)性開角型青光眼(POAG)忠者一級(jí)親屬的青光眼患病率與年齡亦有線性關(guān)系(經(jīng)線性趨勢(shì)的卡方檢驗(yàn)χ2=4.61,P=0.03),其患病率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(經(jīng)Fisher確切概率法P=0.03)。男、女性之間,原發(fā)性閉角型和原發(fā)性開角型青光眼患者一級(jí)親屬青光眼的患病率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=5.29,4.39：P=0.02,0.04),而原發(fā)性青光眼患者一級(jí)親屬青光眼的患病率與性別未見明顯的相關(guān)性。POAG確診年齡18-78(51.4±13.3)歲,PACG確診年齡43-82(66.6±8.2)歲,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Z=7.64,P0.01)。 結(jié)論： (1)原發(fā)性青光眼患者40歲以上一級(jí)親屬青光眼患病率明顯高于普通人群,因此對(duì)原發(fā)性青光眼患者一級(jí)親屬進(jìn)行篩查是早期發(fā)現(xiàn)原發(fā)性青光眼患者的有途徑。 (2)原發(fā)性開角型青光眼患者一級(jí)親屬青光眼患病率明顯高于原發(fā)性閉角型,提示我們?cè)诮窈蠊ぷ髦幸又匾曉l(fā)性開角型青光眼的篩查。
[Abstract]:Objective: to screen the prevalence of primary glaucoma in first-degree relatives of patients over 40 years of age, and to explore how to find primary glaucoma in the early stage. Methods: from May 2009 to October 2010, 313 first-degree relatives (40 years old) of patients with primary glaucoma who were diagnosed in Weifang Ophthalmology Hospital were invited to perform visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp, direct fundus lens and fundus photography. Goldmann anterior chamber angle endoscopy and central 30 擄visual field examination were performed in some cases. Results: the planned subjects were 1631 and the actual rate was 29.61. There were 275 males (56.94) and 208 females (43.06.94). The total prevalence rate of first-degree relatives of primary glaucoma patients was 7.25. The prevalence rate of first-degree relatives in 30 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was 11.51% and that in 64 patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) was 5.52%. The prevalence of primary glaucoma (primary open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) increased with age (蠂 2 / 5.37 P0. 02), but at different ages. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate between the two groups (Fisher's exact probability method was 0.08). There was also a linear relationship between the prevalence rate of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and the age (蠂 ~ 2 / 4.61 / P ~ (0.03), and the difference was statistically significant (P _ (0.03) by Fisher's exact probability method). Between men and women, There was significant difference in the prevalence of first-degree relative glaucoma between primary angle-closure glaucoma patients and primary open-angle glaucoma patients (蠂 ~ 2 / 295.294.39: P ~ 0.02 / 0.04), but there was no significant correlation between the prevalence rate of first-degree relatives glaucoma and sex in primary glaucoma patients. The diagnosis age of Poag was 18-78 (51.4 鹵13.3) years old and PACG was 43-82 (66.6 鹵8.2) years old. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). Conclusion: (1) the prevalence of primary glaucoma in primary glaucoma patients over 40 years old is significantly higher than that in the general population. Therefore, screening of first-degree relatives of primary glaucoma patients is an early way to find primary glaucoma patients. (2) the prevalence of primary kinship glaucoma in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma is significantly higher than that in primary angle-closure glaucoma. It suggests that we should pay more attention to the screening of primary open angle glaucoma in future work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濱州醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：R775.2

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