【摘要】：目的：探討兒童弱視患病的主要相關(guān)因素。 方法：采用1：1匹配的病例對(duì)照研究方法,對(duì)新診斷的100例弱視兒童及與病例同性別、同居住地區(qū)、年齡相差±0.5歲以?xún)?nèi)的100名健康兒童進(jìn)行調(diào)查。應(yīng)用條件Logistic回歸分析方法分析先天發(fā)育因素、后天視覺(jué)刺激環(huán)境以及兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)因素等對(duì)弱視患病的影響。 結(jié)果：?jiǎn)我蛩胤治鼋Y(jié)果顯示,懷孕次數(shù)多、常居環(huán)境采光差、父親生育年齡大、母親孕期接觸電腦,兒童發(fā)鈣和發(fā)銅含量高,發(fā)鋅含量和血漿谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力低等則患弱視的危險(xiǎn)性越大；兒童甜食攝入少、喜食蔬菜、水果、海產(chǎn)品、豆類(lèi),母親孕期多食水果、海產(chǎn)品及豆類(lèi)則患弱視危險(xiǎn)性低。多因素logistic回歸分析顯示,母親孕次多、兒童常居環(huán)境采光差、甜食攝入多、發(fā)鋅含量和血漿谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力較低是弱視發(fā)生的主要危險(xiǎn)因素。多食海產(chǎn)品則是保護(hù)性因素。交互作用結(jié)果顯示,懷孕次數(shù)、甜食攝入在弱視的發(fā)生中呈拮抗作用；相加模型支持兒童常居環(huán)境采光、甜食攝入在弱視的發(fā)生中呈協(xié)同作用。甜食攝入與弱視發(fā)生存在劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系。 結(jié)論：兒童弱視患病受多因素影響,母親孕次多、兒童常居環(huán)境采光差、甜食攝入多、發(fā)鋅含量和血漿谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶活力較低是弱視發(fā)生的主要危險(xiǎn)因素。多食海產(chǎn)品則是保護(hù)性因素。懷孕次數(shù)、甜食攝入在弱視的發(fā)生中呈拮抗作用；相加模型支持兒童常居環(huán)境采光、甜食攝入在弱視的發(fā)生中呈協(xié)同作用。甜食攝入與弱視發(fā)生存在劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系。提示先天發(fā)育環(huán)境、后天視覺(jué)刺激環(huán)境以及兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)因素共同影響兒童弱視的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the main related factors of amblyopia in children. Methods: the 1:1 matched case-control study was used to investigate 100 newly diagnosed children with amblyopia and 100 healthy children with the same sex and living area and within 鹵0.5 years of age. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of congenital developmental factors, acquired visual stimulation environment and nutritional factors on amblyopia. Results: the results of univariate analysis showed that there were more pregnancies, poor lighting in living environment, older father's reproductive age, contact with computer during pregnancy, and high hair calcium and copper content in children. Hair zinc content and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity were at greater risk of amblyopia. Children ate less sweet food, eating vegetables, fruits, seafood, beans, and more fruits during pregnancy. Seafood and beans are at low risk of amblyopia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of amblyopia were the maternal pregnancy, poor light and sweet food intake, low hair zinc content and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. More seafood is a protective factor. The results of interaction showed that the incidence of amblyopia was antagonistic to the number of pregnancies, and the additive model supported the children to live in the environment of light, while the intake of sweet food played a synergistic role in the occurrence of amblyopia. There was a dose-response relationship between sweet food intake and amblyopia. Conclusion: amblyopia in children is affected by many factors. The main risk factors of amblyopia are low zinc content in hair and low glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma. More seafood is a protective factor. The number of pregnancies, sweet food intake in the occurrence of amblyopia showed an antagonistic effect; the additive model supported the children to live in the environment light, sweet food intake in the occurrence of amblyopia showed a synergistic effect. There was a dose-response relationship between sweet food intake and amblyopia. The results suggest that congenital developmental environment, acquired visual stimulation environment and nutritional factors affect the occurrence of amblyopia in children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R777.44

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