本文選題：高眼壓 + 兒童　； 參考：《重慶醫(yī)科大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:討論兒童高眼壓特點及其產(chǎn)生的相關因素,分析兒童高眼壓的危險性。 方法:對我院門診2010年3月至2011年2月檢查非接觸眼壓(non-contact intraocular pressure,NCIP)高的兒童38例64只眼、年齡在5-14歲進行屈光度、中央角膜厚度(central corneal thickness,CCT)、視網(wǎng)膜視神經(jīng)纖維層(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度、杯/盤(cup/disc,C/D)、視野(visual field,VF)、光學相關斷層掃描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)等檢查并隨訪,對其性別、年齡、眼別、屈光度、中央角膜厚度與眼壓進行分析。 結(jié)果:在38例64只眼中,眼壓范圍在21-34mmHg之間,平均25.58±2.90mmHg;其中男21例34只眼,女17例30只眼,眼壓與性別差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P=0.090.05);左眼33只眼,右眼31只眼,左右眼眼壓差別無統(tǒng)計學意義(P=0.0840.05);年齡范圍在5-14歲,平均11.21歲,年齡差別與眼壓之間有統(tǒng)計學意義(P=0.0340.05)。中央角膜厚度范圍為(490-623)um,平均為(548.69±36.59)um,28只眼中央角膜厚度560um,平均(586,.39±14.39)um,36只眼中央角膜厚度≤560um,平均(519.36±15.10)um,中央角膜厚度與眼壓成正相關關系;屈光度范圍為:-(0.25～6.75)D,平均屈光度:-(2.66±1.98)D,其中正視眼及-3.00D的有37只眼,-(3.00～6.00)D有24只眼,-6.00D有3只眼;不同程度近視度數(shù)之間眼壓有差異,尤其在低度近視與中度近視間差異較明顯,中度近視較低度近視眼壓稍高。在隨訪過程中,有1例發(fā)展為青少年型青光眼,并予以降眼壓治療,青光眼發(fā)病率:2.63%。有3例經(jīng)過屈光矯正配鏡后眼壓較配鏡前有較為明顯的下降,提示原因可能為配鏡后睫狀肌痙攣有所減輕,小梁網(wǎng)通道有所開放,房水流出增多。 結(jié)論:兒童高眼壓與中央角膜厚度密切相關,還與近視度數(shù)相關,低度近視較中度近視眼壓低。青少年近視應常規(guī)行眼壓檢查以及早發(fā)現(xiàn)有無高眼壓,預防青光眼的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the risk of high intraocular pressure (IOP) in children.Methods: from March 2010 to February 2011, 38 cases (64 eyes) with high non-contact intraocular pressure (NCIP) were examined for diopter, central corneal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.The results were as follows up: sex, age, eye, diopter, central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure.Results: in 64 eyes of 38 cases, the range of IOP was 25.58 鹵2.90 mm Hg.There were 34 eyes in 21 males and 30 eyes in 17 females, there was no significant difference between IOP and gender, 33 eyes in left eye and 31 eyes in right eye.There was no significant difference in the pressure between left and right eyes (P < 0.05), but the age range was 5-14 years (mean 11.21 years). There was statistical significance between the age difference and intraocular pressure (P 0.034 0.05).The central corneal thickness ranged from 490-623 渭 m with an average of 548.69 鹵36.59 渭 m (n = 28). The mean central corneal thickness was 586 渭 m (n = 36) and 519.36 鹵15.10 渭 m (n = 36). There was a positive correlation between the central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure (IOP) in 36 eyes (n = 36).The range of diopter was: -0.25 ~ 6.75 D.The average diopter was -2.66 鹵1.98 d.The mean diopter was -2.66 鹵1.98 D.There were 37 eyes with positive vision and -3.00D with -3.00D, 24 eyes with -6.00D and 3 eyes with different degrees of myopia, especially the difference of intraocular pressure between low myopia and moderate myopia.Moderate myopia is slightly higher than low myopia.During follow-up, one patient developed into juvenile glaucoma and was treated with intraocular pressure reduction. The incidence of glaucoma was 2. 63%.The intraocular pressure of 3 cases after refraction correction was significantly lower than that before matching, which suggested that the reason might be that the spasm of ciliary muscle was alleviated, the trabecular meshwork channel was opened, and the outflow of aqueous humor was increased.Conclusion: high IOP is closely related to central corneal thickness and myopia degree, low myopia is lower than moderate myopia.Intraocular pressure examination and early detection of high intraocular pressure should be performed to prevent the occurrence of glaucoma in juvenile myopia.
【學位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R775

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